共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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微波辐射技术在化学中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
微波技术具有清法、高效、耗能低、污染少等特点,近年来在化学的各分支领域得到广泛应用,本文综述了微波辐射在等离子化学、微波萃取、纳米粒子的制备、微波有机湿法反应、微波有机干法反应、聚合物支载的有机反应等方面的应用。微波在化学其他领域的应用也作了简要介绍。 相似文献
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微波技术在分子筛领域的应用进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文综述了微波技术在分子筛研究领域中的应用,由于采用微波技术能够有效地促进反应分子间的相互作用,显著缩短化学反应的时间,降低能耗,因此微波技术在分子筛合成,分子筛膜制备以及分子筛改性等方面具有乐观的应用前景。 相似文献
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微波技术在水处理领域的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
对当前微波辐射技术在水处理领域的应用和研究状况进行了综述,着重介绍了微波加热原理与特点及在水处理领域的应用,讨论了应用中存在的一些问题,并展望了微波技术在水处理领域的应用前景。 相似文献
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以固体硫酸氢钠为酸催化剂,浓磷酸、硫脲、溴化钠为辅助剂组成混合物催化剂,在微波辐射条件下,研究了原料配比、反应时间、催化剂用量等条件对DMF收率的影响。结果表明,微波催化条件下比常规合成方法更节能环保,DMF收率也达到87.5%以上。 相似文献
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硫酸铁改性活性炭催化微波降解甲基对硫磷 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
在硫酸铁改性活性炭存在下,微波照射能使溶液中的甲基对硫磷迅速降解。对25、100mg/L的甲基对硫磷溶液,改性活性炭0.4g/L,微波照射3.0min,降解率达77.18%。适当提高改性活性炭加入量,同样照射时间即可达96.90%。而采用未改性活性炭甲基对硫磷降解率为93.20%。结果表明,微波照射下改性活性炭的催化活性明显高于未改性活性炭。另外,采用紫外.可见光谱和离子色谱技术探讨了微波照射时间、甲基对硫磷初始浓度和酸度、活性炭用量、改性液硫酸铁浓度和酸度对改性活性炭催化微波降解甲基对硫磷的影响。 相似文献
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This study investigated the survivals of both lab-generated and environmental bioaerosols when exposed to the microwave irradiation (2450 MHz) for ~2 min at different output powers (700, 385 and 119 W). Control and exposed bioaerosols were collected by a BioSampler or a mixed cellulose ester (MCE) filter, and the air samples were further cultured. As a comparison, liquid-borne exposure for one species was also conducted. Environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to study the membrane surface morphologies and intracellular components of the microwave-treated and untreated microbes.The survival rates of airborne Bacillus subtilis var niger spores were shown to be about 35%, 44% and 35% when exposed to the microwave irradiation for 1.5 min with high, medium and low power applied, respectively (p-value=0.37). In contrast, the airborne Pseudomonas fluorescens were shown to have lower survival rates of 5.8%, 12.2% and 21% (p-value=0.0045). Similar patterns but higher survival rates at respective powers were observed for airborne Aspergillus versicolor exposure (p-value<.0001). For environmental bacterial and fungal bioaerosols, 30–40% of them were shown to survive the high power microwave irradiation for 1.7 min. Outdoor bioaerosols were shown to have stronger survival than the indoor bioaerosols when exposed to the microwave irradiation. ESEM and TEM images showed visible damages to the microwave-irradiated microbes. The results obtained here can be used to develop microwave-based air sterilization technologies especially targeted for biological aerosols. 相似文献
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利用微波辅助合成的方法,对金丝桃素四磺酸衍生物合成路线中的大黄素蒽酮缩合反应分别从微波加热温度、辐射时间和催化剂3个因素进行了优化,确定了最佳反应条件:温度150℃,反应时间1 h,不使用催化剂;该步反应的产率可达82.2%,整个合成路线经放大后的总产率为65.3%。与常规加热方法相比,微波辅助合成法提高了反应效率和产率,减少了副反应的发生,使合成工艺更加低碳环保。 相似文献