直接浸出低品位软锰矿制备硫酸锰工艺研究

采用广西钦州市低品位软锰矿-黄铁矿与硫酸直接浸取制备硫酸锰,以锰的浸出率为观察指标,研究液固比5∶1的浸出条件如时间、温度、硫酸用量、黄铁矿用量等工艺参数,同时研究中和反应条件和浓缩结晶条件对锰浸出率的影响。结果表明:将软锰矿150 g、黄铁矿60 g与98%硫酸110 mL直接浸取制备硫酸锰,在浸出时间为5 h、温度90℃、液固比5∶1、浸出率可达98.62%。另最佳中和条件为:中和剂(CaCO3)30 g、中和时间1 h、温度90℃、终点pH值5.4;最佳浓缩结晶温度在90℃左右,结晶后直接进行热过滤,使硫酸锰和溶液分离。     

富锰渣中湿法浸取锰工艺

对富锰渣湿法浸取硫酸锰的工艺进行了研究,在分析富锰渣性质及浸取机理的基础上,先通过单因素实验确定浸取温度、浸取时间、硫酸浓度各自的最适条件,然后利用响应面法对富锰渣湿法浸取硫酸锰工艺的浸取条件进行优化。方差分析结果显示浸取温度为95℃、硫酸浓度为21%、浸取时间为3小时的条件下,浸取效果最佳,锰的浸出率可达到96.75%。     

基于响应曲面法的甘蔗渣浸取软锰矿优化工艺研究

探究甘蔗渣为还原剂在硫酸存在下浸取软锰矿中锰工艺条件,通过响应曲面试验,考查了甘蔗渣用量、液固比、硫酸浓度、温度以及反应时间对浸出结果的影响,实验表明：在取l0g软锰矿进行试验时,浸锰最佳工艺条件为既甘蔗渣用量为5 g,液固比取20∶1,硫酸浓度为3 mol/L,温度为80℃,时间为150 min,其浸出率达到95.03％.     

炼铜烟灰批式滴加酸浸锌与两步氧化除铁工艺

采用炼铜烟灰制取硫酸锌,研究了批式滴加酸浸取锌和两段除铁工艺．实验结果表明：用批式滴加法浸取,锌浸取率≥98％、铜浸出率≥96％,铁浸取率可控制在0．02％以下．其工艺条件为：液固质量比3∶1,温度80～90℃,酸浸液中硫酸加入量39g／L,滴酸时间1．5h,浸取时间2h．采用先通氧（或鼓空气）氧化,再加过氧化氢深度氧化除铁工艺,溶液最终铁含量≤0．01g／L．制得的硫酸锌可用于电解．     

蔗渣还原硫酸浸取低品位软锰矿工艺研究

以蔗渣作为还原剂,硫酸浸取低品位软锰矿制取硫酸锰。探究了锰矿和蔗渣的粒度、搅拌速度、蔗渣与锰矿质量比、硫酸浓度、反应温度、液固质量比、反应时间等因素对锰浸出率的影响。通过单因素实验得出浸取过程优化工艺条件为：蔗渣与软锰矿质量比为4∶1,硫酸初始质量分数为30%,反应温度为35 ℃,搅拌速度为650 r/min,液固质量比为40∶1,锰矿和蔗渣的粒度均为109～120 μm,反应时间为6 h。在此工艺条件下,锰浸出率达97%以上。     

五水硫酸铜的催化氧化制备

研究了空气鼓泡—催化氧化法用紫杂铜制备五水硫酸铜生产方法,考察了温度、酸度、空气鼓入量、催化剂用量等影响。实验结果表明,在硫酸浓度为３％（Ｖ／Ｖ）、反应温度为６０℃、空气流量为３６０１／ｈ时,铜片溶解速率为００２８８ｇ／ｃｍ２·ｈ,产品目的物含量为９８５％。     

混酸法浸取硫铁矿烧渣的试验研究

影响硫酸和盐酸混酸法浸取硫铁矿烧渣反应的主要因素包括硫酸过量系数、盐酸用量、水用量、温度、时间,通过正交实验得出影响浸出率各因素的重要性依次为:温度＞水量＞硫酸过量系数＞盐酸过量系数＞反应时间,优化工艺条件为:温度90℃、水量30 mL、硫酸过量系数1.3、盐酸用量为理论用量的0.2、时间180 min,浸取率达到93...     

酒糟-硫酸浸取锰矿尾矿中锰制备硫酸锰工艺

以酒糟及锰矿尾矿为原料，对酒糟-硫酸直接浸取锰矿尾矿中的锰制备硫酸锰的工艺进行了研究，并用正交实验法对酒糟-硫酸浸锰的工艺条件进行了探讨。结果表明，浓硫酸用量对锰的浸出率影响最大，其最佳工艺条件为：V（酸）：m（矿）=4：5（mL/g），m（尾矿）：m（酒糟）=（15～25）：1，液固质量比为5：1，浸取时间为3—3．5h，浸取温度为80～85℃。按该工艺条件浸取锰矿尾矿中锰，锰的浸出率可达96％以上。采用酒糟-硫酸直接浸取锰矿尾矿中锰的工艺，对资源利用和环境保护具有重要意义。     

用硫酸亚铁还原高含铁低品位软锰矿的工艺研究

采用FeSO4还原高含铁低品位软锰矿,通过单因素实验讨论了各因素对锰、铁浸出率的影响.通过数据处理和分析讨论得出用FeSO4作为还原剂、H2SO4浸取该锰矿的较优工艺条件为:反应温度80℃,反应时间2h,FeSO4用量为理论值的1.05倍,H2SO4用量为理论值的1.2倍,平均粒径小于106 μm,搅拌强度400 r/min,此时Mn的浸出率为95％以上,Fe的浸出率为46％.     

从铜镉渣中提取海绵镉的研究

本文研究了用硫酸浸取铜镉渣,使锌、镉进入溶液,铜留在残渣中。浸取液用锌粉置换,得到的海绵镉中镉含量达69.6％,镉回收率为86.5％,锌全部回收。硫酸锌溶液返回锌制品生产系统,达到充分利用资源,消除环境污染的目的。最佳浸取条件为,硫酸用量为理论量的130～140％,粒度～120目,温度80～90℃,固:液为1:6,软锰矿用量为铜镉渣重量的1％,时间10～12小时,最佳置换条件为,溶液的pH值为4,温度50°,锌粉用量为理论量的122％,时间2小时,镉浓度为16.10克/升。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。