A simulation package for the plato educational computer system

A simulation package has been developed for the PLATO educational computer system which allows the user to apply numerical and graphical solution techniques to small-scale problems. Current state-of-the-art numerical algorithms are used with the interactive graphic capabilities of a PLATO terminal to provide efficient problem solution in less than a minute of terminal time. Convenient entry, execution, modification, and output options are combined with on-line input error detection and extensive error messages. Although primarily intended for educational purposes, industrial users will also find this package very efficient for solving small-scale problems.     

The use of the plato computer system in chemical engineering

Computer aided instruction on the PLATO System has been generated and tested for three chemical engineering cources: stoichiometry, thermodynamics, and unit operations. The use of these materials has had strong educational benefits, as shown by several years of testing with several hundred students.     

《计算机在化学中的应用》课程教学探讨

随着计算机技术和化学学科的发展,计算机在化学中的应用越来越广泛。利用计算机解决化学问题已成为每位化学工作者必须掌握的方法。《计算机在化学中的应用》课程旨在培养学生利用化学相关软件和网络解决化学问题的方法能力。文章从课程目标、课程设置以及课程内容等方面对本课程的教学进行了探讨,重点讨论课程内容的安排。     

Digital image analysis of coating defects

A simple, low cost, easy to use computer-based Digital Image system has been developed for characterizing defects which occur in various types of organic films. The system uses an optical microscope, high resolution TV camera, frame grabber to display the image on Macintosh computer and software to analyze and characterize the image. All components are commercially available. Using this system, many different defects which are typically seen in organic coatings and the support on to which they are coated, such as spots, bubbles, reticulation streaks and pinholes can be rapidly characterized. Quantitative information about the defect, such as size and frequency can be rapidly obtained to assist in determining the cause. Images obtained of the defects can also be enhanced to obtain characterization information not easily seen in the defect. The system has applications in the R and D laboratory for understanding defect mechanisms, in trouble-shooting plant and end-use problems and in the control laboratory. It can also be used to provide routine quantitative testing information on defects that have been typically evaluated by subjective tests and comparison with go/no-go standards. The system is easier to use than viewing with a glass or conventional microscope and a permanent record of the defects can easily be stored and retrieved in a computer database to assist in troubleshooting.     

Citronensäure-Fermentation — biotechnologische Probleme und Möglichkeiten der Rechnersteuerung

Citric acid fermentation – biotechnological problems and possibilities of computer control . Citric acid today is produced almost exclusively by fermentation with the mold Aspergillus niger according to the surface or submerged process. The application of complex raw materials, like molasses, gives rise to considerable waste water burdens as well as to problems with microbiological process control. In order to gain qualitative and quantitative ideas about the metabolic activities of the mold during citric acid fermentation according to the submerged process production fermentors were equipped with several measuring points for the acquisition of physico-chemical changes in the medium and with devices for waste air analysis. The measured values were requested in rotation by an on-line computer and converted to characteristic derivative data. Together with additional analytical laboratory values these data were appropriate for getting a deeper insight into the biochemical events during fermentation. In this way mathematical models could be prepared which supported a better control and optimization of the fermentation course. The knowledge derived from these investigations permitted the extension of the data acquisition and computer system for monitoring and control of all production fermentors.     

Enhancement of process modelling and simulation evaluation by deploying a test for assessment and feedback individualisation

This paper demonstrates a novel approach for a computer-based course assessment. A test is introduced in which computers are deployed. This significantly contributes to the enhancement of the marking consistency, individual performance distinction and feedbacks, and widen the questions range for computer-based modules. The proposed test method, for the first time, uses the simulation files marking for individualised evaluation purposes. The methodology has successfully been implemented in practice for three modules including Process Simulation (CE2105), Advanced Process Simulation (CE4023), and Process Computation (CE3021) at Aston University (UK) over three academic years, from 2016 to 2019. The effectiveness of the proposed approach has been evaluated using several factors, including final marks, consistency multiple academic years, and mark distribution. In contrast to the common teamwork assessments, individualised feedback became possible. While ASPEN has been used for CE4023 and CE2105 tests, MATLAB has been applied as the computation platform for CE3021 module. This reveals the applicability of different software in proposed methodology. The number of students in the cohorts studied was from 52 to 204, demonstrating the applicability of the method for various cohort sizes. Even though the methodology has been demonstrated based on the chemical engineering discipline modules, it allows digitalising the delivery and assessment of a wide range of simulation techniques in many disciplines.     

热封设备夹杂物检测系统设计

针对夹杂物影响塑料热封质量问题,设计一种基于红外检测技术的夹杂物检测系统。该系统可以检测热封面是否平整、是否存在褶皱,也可以检测多层塑料之间的夹杂物;该系统适用于基于PLC、单片机、工业用微机控制的高端热封设备,也适用于基于逻辑电路控制的低端热封设备。     

化工计算机应用课程教材编写心得

化学化工专业需要利用计算机解决许多问题，在该专业的本科生中开设化学化工计算机应用课程已是新世纪的基本要求，而有一本适合实际的好教材是学好该课程的基础。文章就化学化工计算机应用课程教材《计算机在化学化工中的应用》第一版和第二版编写过程中关于课程定位、教材内容、编写风格等问题的一些心得进行了讨论和阐述，并提出了教材进一步完善的思路和方向。     

计算机辅助技术在产业化陶瓷设计中的应用

二十世纪八十年代以来,计算机技术的全方位发展,促进了设计产业的发展,并构成一个举足轻重的“人工环境”,形成了以具有特殊意义的计算机技术为核心,集科学技术、经济、艺术为一体的完整的计算机辅助设计技术。本文就计算机辅助设计技术在产品设计各环节的运用进行了分析、研究,进一步提出了虚拟现实技术在陶瓷产品的研究过程中的应用领域。     

多民族背景的仪器分析实验课程改革初探

仪器分析实验是很多专业的基础实践课。针对目前不同专业多民族背景下仪器分析实验课程的现状和存在的问题，结合现有实验条件，通过探索选择不同实验项目、教师队伍建设、实验室管理、考核制度和利用现代教育技术手段等方面进行改革，提高学生实践水平和掌握现代仪器分析的能力。     

高职教育的内涵建设与教育教学改革

高职教育内涵建设要以正确的观念进行引导,要创建良好机制。高职教育教学改革是内涵建设的出发点和落脚点,其改革的内容、深度和范围,从一次课、一门课直至课程体系、培养模式、教师实践能力及学院整体改革,是多层次多方位的。文章还涉及高职教育教学改革的困难、策略等问题。     

设计性实验教学体系在医用《基础化学》课程中的构建

在医用基础化学课程中,构建完善合理的设计性实验教学体系,是培养医学类创新型人才的有效途径。文章详细论述设计性实验教学体系构建的一般原则和步骤,并指出教学实践中具体实施时存在的问题,为设计性实验教育教学改革提供参考。     

A teaching methodology based on Mathcad for improving the calculation of pumping power

Some of the most important engineering skills required nowadays are related with the management of computational tools. This study proposes the implementation of a novel teaching methodology for improving the calculation of pumping power by using the Mathcad software. This methodology includes: (1) training courses on initiation to Mathcad, (2) the delivery of a report with theoretical considerations about pumping power, the problem statement, the traditional procedure to solve it, as well as the main indications to do it with Mathcad, and (3) a virtual platform conceived as a meeting space. The assessment of this educational experience, which was carried out with the second-year chemical engineering students enrolled in the Fluid Flow course, revealed that Mathcad is a powerful computational tool for them. Thus, it eliminates the mathematical difficulties, facilitates the understanding of the phenomenon under consideration and the study that the input variables exert on the solution, and also increases the motivation of the students for solving other engineering problems. Therefore, these results support the hypothesis that computational tools like Mathcad direct chemical engineering students towards successful learning.     

工程化教学在“生物工艺学”教学过程中的应用

分析了传统生物工艺学的教学现状,再基于新的工程教育理念,针对课程教学环节中存在的问题,构建了强调技术基础知识、注重探究式学习方法,全面整合教学内容,改进教学方法,完善教学手段,为学生营造一个浓厚的工程氛围,提高学生的工程设计与实践能力。     

互联网+视域下基础化学实验教学模式改革与应用研究

《基础化学实验》是化学专业的重要基础课程,基于实验教学改革的研究层出不穷,效果各有千秋。随着互联网+技术的不断发展,移动学习开始流行于全球并成为教育教学研究的热点。移动学习能够满足学习者个性化的学习要求,微信是当前大学生智能手机应用的热门APP之一,其功能丰富可以为移动学习提供支持。首先通过问卷了解学生使用微信APP的主要用途并挖掘其教育功能,再寻找微信与基础化学实验教学各个阶段的契合点,并根据实际应用验证其真实效果;最后总结互联网+视域下微信支持的基础化学实验教学模式改革与应用研究的优势,并对实践期间可能出现的问题提出建议,以期为基础化学实验教学改革的开展提供参考。     

高等院校非环境学专业的环境教育存在的问题及对策

在我国高等教育中,非环境学专业的环境教育是提高学生环境意识的重要途径。文章分析了我国高等院校非环境学专业的环境教育存在的问题,并分别提出了相应的对策。分析发现我国高等院校非环境学专业的环境教育存在不受重视、教育方式单一、课程开设不合理、缺乏实践环节和课程本身建设不完善等问题。非环境学专业的环境教育必须从多方砸进行改进：高校环境教育需足够重视,教育方式应多样化,重视实践环节,编写合适的教材,师资培养,改变考核方式等。     

Teaching simple water quality models

Based on the experience of the authors and the literature, a learning procedure is presented that provides the required knowledge on water quality mathematical modeling in a educational, critical and practical manner; it consists of three steps: (1) brief presentation of the basic modeling theory that is applied using a simple problem, which can be selected from a series of general water quality problems contained in this work, (2) construction of a simple computer program in EXCEL to solve, simulate and examine this problem interactively, and (3) brief presentation of the basic Computational Fluid Dynamics theory and its application in a real life problem; the present study focuses on the first two steps. The proposed procedure also includes 25 questions and answers on scientific, educational and practical matters aiming at making the presentation interactive and interesting. It is currently being applied in two courses at the National Technical University of Athens and the Technical University of Munich; it can be easily modified to be used as a teaching–learning tool in a specific standard or e-learning course.     

新型工业循环冷却水自动加药系统

针对工业循环冷却水的处理问题,开发了基于CAN总线的工业循环冷却水处理系统.在上位计算机与前端测控模块之间的通信中,使用现场总线CAN网络技术.由于实现了系统冗余,系统具有安全可靠、功能完善、操作简便、性能价格比高等优点,大大提高了工业循环冷却水处理的自动化水平并取得了较好的经济效益.     

Computer-aided total flowsheet synthesis

Building on a previous approach, a systematic computer-based method for synthesizing a total flowsheet has been developed. This work uses a hierarchical concept, whereby separation tasks selected by the algorithm at the top level are converted to cost-estimated sharp separation sequences at the second level. The strategy at both levels is heuristic and evolutionary. Only the top-level system is described here, although the results include both phases. The synthesis of separation tasks is described by Lu and Motard, and extends the work of Nath and Motard.The flow rates and sizes of processing tasks are determined by a new goal-lumping strategy and a successive linear programming algorithm. Information from the lower level design of separations is fed back to the top-level decision procedure. The entire system is self-adaptive, but also includes opportunities for interaction by the user. Several test problems indicate that the present approach is superior to earlier work.     

现代教育技术在物理化学实验中的应用

物理化学实验在整个大学基础化学实验体系中起着承上启下的作用。将多媒体计算机和网络等现代教育技术应用到物理化学实验中，尤其是虚拟仿真实验室的建立，有利于同时提高学生和教师的综合素质。