以ZnO作添加剂覆膜陶粒支撑剂的制备与性能研究

以低成本的高岭土为主要原料,以ZnO作为添加剂,结合常压烧结技术,制备出低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂。研究了ZnO的添加量、烧结温度对陶粒支撑剂性能的影响。采用树脂覆膜的方法进一步优化了陶粒支撑剂的性能,使其适用于更高要求的油气井。研究结果表明,当加入2%的ZnO并且烧结温度为1 300℃时,陶粒支撑剂的体积密度为1.42 g/cm³,视密度为2.61 g/cm3,视密度为2.61 g/cm³,35 MPa闭合压力下的破碎率为7.28%。当环氧树脂的用量为支撑剂的12%,固化剂的用量为环氧树脂的14%时,覆膜支撑剂的体积密度为1.32 g/cm3,35 MPa闭合压力下的破碎率为7.28%。当环氧树脂的用量为支撑剂的12%,固化剂的用量为环氧树脂的14%时,覆膜支撑剂的体积密度为1.32 g/cm³,视密度为2.27 g/cm3,视密度为2.27 g/cm³,69 MPa闭合压力下的破碎率仅为1.16%。     

以ZnO作添加剂覆膜陶粒支撑剂的制备与性能研究

以低成本的高岭土为主要原料,以ZnO作为添加剂,结合常压烧结技术,制备出低密度高强度的陶粒支撑剂。研究了ZnO的添加量、烧结温度对陶粒支撑剂性能的影响。采用树脂覆膜的方法进一步优化了陶粒支撑剂的性能,使其适用于更高要求的油气井。研究结果表明,当加入2%的ZnO并且烧结温度为1 300℃时,陶粒支撑剂的体积密度为1.42 g/cm~3,视密度为2.61 g/cm~3,35 MPa闭合压力下的破碎率为7.28%。当环氧树脂的用量为支撑剂的12%,固化剂的用量为环氧树脂的14%时,覆膜支撑剂的体积密度为1.32 g/cm~3,视密度为2.27 g/cm~3,69 MPa闭合压力下的破碎率仅为1.16%。     

一种低密度陶粒压裂支撑剂的制备及性能研究

本文以三级铝矾土和砂土为主要原料,在1440～1520℃高温下,制备了性能优良的低密度陶粒支撑剂,研究了烧结温度对其物相形貌、物理性能的影响.其结果表明:烧成温度在1500℃时,制备的试样主要物相为莫来石和石英,体密度为1.35 g/cm3,视密度为2.78 g/cm3,35 MPa闭合压力下的破碎率为9.47％.符合国标,适合闭合压力高于浅井油气井的应用.     

基于煤层气井用陶粒支撑剂的制备

以煤矸石和铝矾土为主要原料,采用50∶50和60∶40质量配比,再添加2wt％长石添加剂,在不同温度烧结制备了煤层气井用的20/40目经济型陶粒支撑剂.通过X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对陶粒的物相组成和显微形貌进行表征.实验结果表明:所制备的陶粒的视密度均低于3.0 g,/cm3,体积密度低于1.5 g/cm3,属于低密度范畴;当煤矸石与铝矾土配比为50∶50时,烧结温度在1400 ～ 1500℃制备的支撑剂,在35 MPa闭合压力下的破碎率均低于9％的行业标准(SY/T 5108-2014).     

高强度低密度陶粒支撑剂的研究

以铝矾土为原料,白云石为辅料,添加一定量的复合添加剂,经粉磨、成球和烧成,制备了性能优良的高强度低密度陶粒支撑剂,讨论了复合添加剂掺量及烧成温度对陶粒支撑剂材料性能的影响。结果表明,当白云石掺量为2%,复合添加剂的掺量为6%,烧成温度在1330℃时,制备出的陶粒支撑剂的视密度为2.61g/cm-3,体积密度为1.55g/cm-3,52MPa闭合压力下的破碎率为6.70%。     

V2O5掺杂对莫来石晶须增强型陶粒支撑剂的性能影响

以高岭石质煤矸石为主要原料,V2O5为添加剂,于1400 ℃下制备了莫来石晶须增强的陶粒支撑剂,讨论了V2O5促进莫来石晶须生长机制及其添加量对支撑剂样品性能的影响.结果表明:随着V2O5的加入,支撑剂样品的主晶相莫来石逐渐生长形成莫来石晶须;当V2O5添加量为1wt％时,试样的性能最佳;体积密度1.25 g/cm3,视密度2.69 g/cm3,52 MPa闭合压力下的破碎率5.18％.     

煤矸石掺量对陶粒支撑剂性能的影响

以铝矾土和煤矸石为主要原料,通过调整二者质量比(1:1,2:3和3:7),经造粒成球、不同温度烧结制备得到陶粒支撑剂。结果表明:当煤矸石掺入量为60%(质量分数)、35 MPa闭合压力下,满足破碎率行业标准的烧结温度范围为1 250～1 450℃,在该温度区间内,随着烧结温度的升高,样品的结晶相转变为棒状莫来石相,形成一种致密的网状交联结构,进而提高了陶粒支撑剂的抗破碎能力;当烧结温度为1 450℃时,体积密度及视密度分别为1.49和2.76 g/cm~3,破碎率指标达到最低值3.0%,证实利用煤矸石替代铝矾土可以制备出用于煤层气井开采用的陶粒支撑剂。     

紫砂土制备压裂支撑剂的研究

本文首次以阳泉紫砂土和Ⅱ级铝矾土为原料,在不同烧成温度下制备了莫来石-石英质石油压裂支撑剂.利用XRD、SEM等方法,对制品的显微结构和物化性能进行了分析和探讨.结果表明:随着烧成温度的提高,紫砂土和铝矾土制备的支撑剂的破碎率逐渐降低,显微结构趋于致密,1280℃左右性能较佳,20/40目试样的体积密度为1.45 g./cm3,视密度为2.92g/cm3,35 MPa闭合压力下的破碎率仅为8.05％,试样满足行业标准SY/T5108-2014的要求.     

烧结温度对煤层气井用陶粒支撑剂的影响研究

本文以阳泉铝矾土和煤矸石为原料,长石为烧结助剂,制备了适用于煤层气水力压裂开采的陶粒支撑剂.利用SEM和XRD,表征了不同温度下烧结的陶粒支撑剂的显微结构及物相组成;研究了烧结温度对陶粒支撑剂材料的抗破碎率、密度的影响.结果表明:样品结晶相为莫来石,刚玉和方石英,并随着温度升高,莫来石相含量逐渐增多,且结晶度也越来越好,在1450℃时,二次莫来石仍未转化完成;随着烧结温度的升高,样品密度与呈先上升后下降的趋势,破碎率呈现先降低后升高的趋势.1300℃烧结下的样品性能最好,体积密度为1.40 g/cm3,35 MPa下破碎率为7.06％.     

烧结温度对莫来石/石英质经济型陶粒支撑剂性能的影响

以阳泉长青Ⅲ级铝矾土和砂土为原料,在1420~1540℃下烧结制备了莫来石/石英质经济型陶粒支撑剂,研究了烧结温度对莫来石/石英质经济型陶粒性能的影响,并与目前市场上的支撑剂进行了详细的对比,得出这是一种性能优于天然石英砂、成本低于人造陶粒支撑剂的一种经济型陶粒支撑剂;并采用XRD和SEM等手段对陶粒支撑剂的性能和物相形貌进行了表征和分析。结果表明:在1510℃下烧结制备的陶粒支撑剂体密度为1.39 g·cm-3,视密度为2.78 g·cm-3,35 MPa下的破碎率为5.54%;在该温度下,莫来石晶相已经发育完全,且石英颗粒填充在莫来石形成的网络空间结构中,烧结致密化程度较高。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

A study of miscibility of blends of polybutadienes of varying microstructure

The miscibility of various amorphous polybutadienes with mixed microstructures of 1,4 addition units (cis, 1,4 and trans 1,4) and 1,2 addition units have been investigated. The studies here involved optical transparency, differential scanning calorimetry, and small angle light scattering. It was found that a 90 percent (cis) 1, 4 addition polybutadiene was immiscible with high (91 percent) 1,2 addition polybutadiene. Reduction of the 1,2 content to 71 percent induced an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) with the cis 1,4 polymer. Polybutadienes with 50 percent and 10 percent 1,2 contents were miscible above the crystalline melting temperature of the cis 1,4 polybutadiene. Immiscibility of the 91 percent 1,2 addition polymer was also found with a 10 percent 1,2 polybutadiene. The latter polymer also exhibits an UCST with the 71 percent 1,2 polymer. The results are used to interpret the characteristics of blends of polybutadienes of varying microstructure.     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

粉煤灰中烧失量检测的不确定度分析

以F类粉煤灰为例,详细介绍了测定粉煤灰中烧失量的步骤、计算数学模型、影响测量不确定度的因素以及各项测量不确定度分量评定,人员、设备、材料、方法、环境都是影响测量不确定的因素。     

生物油的成分分析及物性测定

以添加FeCl2的ZnCl2-KCl混合熔盐裂解纤维素和秸秆,制得生物油。采用傅立叶变换红外光谱法和气相色谱-质谱法分析生物油的成分。结果表明,生物油中成分复杂,含有氧元素、多种有机化合物,主要包括酮类、醛类、酚类及羧酸类等。测定了20～80℃生物油的密度和粘度,发现生物油的密度与温度呈较好线性关系,而生物油的粘度均大于水的粘度,且不同熔盐体系对秸秆生物油的粘度无较大影响。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitosan on the kinetics of ultrasonic degradation of chitosan

The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003     

分解炉扩径的技术改造

我厂3号回转窑(Φ4m×60m)生产线在1996年年底由SP窑(产量912t/d)改为NSP窑(产量1320t/d),预分解系统为四级旋风预热器带离线式分解炉     

Process of acceleration of filtration of viscose

Conclusions It is significant that the purification on a single passage of viscose through porous ceramic corresponds to the result of a two-stage filtration of it in industrial filter-presses with standard fillings.Kiev Combine. Kiev Technological Institute of Light Industry. Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 20–22, May–June, 1969.