晋城矿区9号煤沿空留巷试验研究

结合具体条件进行了巷旁充填支护参数设计 ,在矿压观测基础上 ,分析了留巷围岩变形及充填体载荷特征 ,把高水速凝充填材料沿空留巷与炮掘及综掘成巷方法进行经济对比 ,结果表明 ,该留巷方法有明显技术和经济优势 ,在晋城矿区 9号煤中有很好推广应用价值 .     

晋城矿区9号煤沿空留巷试验研究

结合具体条件进行了巷旁充填支护参数设计 ,在矿压观测基础上,分析了留巷围岩变形及充填体载荷特征,把高水速凝充填材料沿空留巷与炮掘及综掘成巷方法进行经济对比,结果表明,该留巷方法有明显技术和经济优势, 在晋城矿区9号煤中有很好推广应用价值.     

巷旁充填体可缩性对沿空留巷顶板运动的适应性分析

分析了沿空留巷巷道顶板岩层运动的过程及岩块之间的几何关系 ,得到了高水速凝充填体所需变形量的计算模型 .理论及现场实测结果都表明 ,目前所用高水速凝材料的可缩性不能很好地适应巷道顶板运动特性 ,必须加以改进     

巷旁充填体可缩性对沿空留巷顶板运动的适应性分析

分析了沿空留巷巷道顶板岩层运动的过程及岩块之间的几何关系,得到了高水速凝充填体所需变形量的计算模型.理论及现场实测结果都表明,目前所用高水速凝材料的可缩性不能很好地适应巷道顶板运动特性,必须加以改进.     

综放巷内充填沿空留巷工业试验

针对常村煤矿S2-6综放工作面采用传统技术沿空留巷的难点，进行了巷内充填沿空留巷工业试验．试验分三步进行：第一步，对原巷采用锚梁网索联合支护实施加固，撤掉梯形架棚；第二步，在已加固巷道下一工作面侧煤壁，实施扩帮锚网支护；第三步，在原巷位置实施巷内充填，并加固充填体．结合高水速凝充填材料的性能，通过建立合理的综放沿空留巷的围岩结构力学模型和充填工艺设计，井下工业试验达到了预期效果，留巷断面稳定后超过10m^2．证明了在巷内基本支护为梯形金属支架的巷道中进行综放沿空留巷的可行性，并作了经济效益评价．在此基础上提出了综放巷内充填沿空留巷新技术．     

水环境中高水速凝材料蠕变特性及其流变模型

为了研究高水速凝材料作为采空区充填体是否具有长期、有效控制上覆岩层移动变形的能力,对高水速凝材料进行了瞬时物理力学试验和微观扫描分析,及利用重力连续加载方式进行了干燥和水环境中的蠕变试验,根据蠕变试验曲线进行了高水速凝材料的流变模型辨识和参数反演。结果表明：高水速凝材料在空气环境中容易丧失强度,水环境条件工作更利于提高其自身结构和承载力的稳定性;高水速凝材料的长期蠕变稳定性取决于荷载水平是否达到其材料的长期屈服强度;Burgers流变模型能更好地描述水环境中高水速凝材料这种“类”软岩的蠕变特性。     

沿空留巷巷旁支护技术的发展

在综述巷旁支护技术发展历程的基础上，提出膏体材料巷旁充填沿空留巷新技术；分析沿空留巷顶板破断垮落特征，建立了膏体材料巷旁充填沿空留巷的力学模型，提出了膏体材料巷旁支护体主要参数的确定方法，并将研究结果应用于工程实践。     

铁铝型高水速凝全尾砂充填材料的试验研究

铁铝高水速凝全尾砂充填材料是一种以铁铝型高水速凝材料为胶凝材料的新型充填材料,介绍了铁铝型高水速凝材料的组成及特点,分析了全尾砂的物理化学性质,重点对铁铝型高水速凝全尾砂充填材料的配比及其物理化学性质进行了试验研究,结果表明,该材料是一种成本低,适于单管输送的优良充填材料,具有矿山推广应用的价值。     

综放沿空留巷充填体稳定性控制

基于综放沿空留巷的矿压模型,计算出充填体稳定所需的强度和能适应的变形量,并以此选出充填材料及其水灰比．为提高充填体的整体支护强度和抗变形能力,重点阐述了空间锚栓加固网技术及其对充填体稳定性的控制效果,为缩放大断面沿空留巷技术的成功试验莫定了坚实基础。     

窄煤柱工作面沿空留巷围岩大变形控制技术及应用

针对窄煤柱工作面沿空留巷巷旁支护体参数不合理和围岩严重变形等问题,研究了不同巷旁支护体宽度、强度和充填率对窄煤柱工作面沿空留巷围岩变形破坏的影响。研究结果表明:充填体宽度、强度和充填率不同,对窄煤柱工作面沿空留巷围岩应力分布及变形有很大影响;充填体宽度、强度和充填率过低时充填体承载能力较小,沿空留巷围岩变形量较大;过高时顶板下沉量减小不明显,使成本增加;充填体宽度2 m,强度为30 MPa,充填率95%以上,可保证沿空留巷围岩稳定;提出的"巷内锚网索+巷旁充填柔模混凝土墙+单体柱+基本底注浆"联合支护技术,控制了沿空留巷围岩的大变形。工业性试验结果表明:沿空留巷顶底板移近量最大值600 mm,两帮移近量最大值为435 mm,分别是原方案变形量的55. 5%和51. 6%,沿空留巷围岩变形得到有效控制,能满足通风和安全生产的要求。     

Research on the width of filling body in gob-side entry retaining with high-water materials

To determine the filling body's width along the gob-side remained roadway which is underneath the gob,the authors analyzed the interaction mechanism between the roof and the supporting body along the remained roadway, based on the elastic thin plate theory of the stope roof. The stress state and mechanical response of the filling body along the remained roadway were studied. Specifically, firstly, the supporting pressure of the coal pillar which is on one side of the gob-side remained roadway was deduced.Also, an equation that is used to calculate the width of the balance area in the stress limit state was acquired. Then, an equation that is used to calculate the roof cutting force on one side of the supporting body was obtained. By using FLAC3D, the authors investigated the displacement field and stress field response laws of rock masses around the roadway with different filling body's widths. The results show that with the filling body's width increasing, the supporting ability of the filling body increases.Meanwhile, the rock mass displacement around the roadway and the filling body deformation decrease.The better the filling body's supporting effect is, the higher the roof cutting force will be. When the filling body's width is larger than 3.0 m, its internal bearing ability becomes stable and the filling body's deformation became non-apparent. Finally, analysis shows that the filling body's width should be 2.5 m.Furthermore, the authors conducted field tests in the supply roadway 1204, using high-water materials and acquired expected outcomes.     

煤矿矸石井下处理的研究

针对煤矿矸石地表堆积对人类生存环境和条件带来的威胁与危害，研究了矸石井下处理技术．该项技术运用开采沉陷理论预计地表允许沉陷范围内充填区域矸石充填压实后残余空间的最大高度，确定矸石充填巷的布置；基于数值模拟方法分析了充填巷两侧煤柱应力分布、消除充填巷开掘时的“多洞效应”问题，优化矸石充填巷掘进顺序；设计了矸石充填工艺．此项技术在邢东矿井得到成功应用，实现了矸石井下处理与建筑物下煤炭资源的开采利用．     

高水材料巷旁预充填在煤矿开采中的应用

云驾岭煤矿在12802工作面拟采用巷旁预充填无煤柱开采技术,为了掌握高水材料巷旁充填体的稳定性及顶板活动规律,通过现场实测对云驾岭煤矿12802工作面运巷巷旁充填体进行受力及稳定性分析,掌握了充填体上方顶板的活动规律以及充填体的受力及稳定性.充填体远离工作面后受力逐渐趋于稳定,稳定后的应力值小于该处的原岩应力,巷旁充填位置选择合理,受力状态较好,有利于保持充填体的完整和稳定.该结论为后期下区段开采时沿充填体掘进回风巷,采用合理的支护设计及安全回采提供依据.     

深部沿空切顶成巷围岩稳定性控制对策

基于沿空切顶成巷技术原理,以城郊煤矿深部工作面无煤柱开采为背景,综合运用力学分析﹑模拟计算和现场试验等方法,对深部切顶成巷围岩控制关键对策进行深入研究。结果显示：切顶留巷顶板在侧向形成短臂梁结构,降低了巷旁支护体所受压力,切缝范围内岩层垮落后碎胀充填采空区,使留巷顶板下沉量降低了约50%。采空区侧顶板为切顶巷道围岩变形的关键部位,需进行加强支护;深部切顶巷道实体煤帮塑性区范围大,通过煤帮锚索支护技术可将浅部锚杆承载层锚固在弹性区稳定煤体中;深部切顶成巷来压速度快、强度大,巷内单体支柱易造成冲击破断,采用高阻力液压支架巷内临时支护时可较好地抵抗深部强动压;巷旁刚性挡矸装置因无法适应深部围岩大变形而受压弯曲破坏,深部切顶巷道巷旁挡矸结构需实现一定的竖向让位卸压方可与顶底板协调变形。在研究的基础上提出恒阻锚索关键部位支护+可缩性U型钢柔性让位挡矸+巷内液压支架临时支护+实体煤帮锚索补强的深部切顶成巷联合支护技术,并进行现场工业性试验。现场监测结果表明：留巷围岩在滞后工作面约290 m时基本稳定,且稳定后各项指标满足下一工作面使用要求。     

Feasibility analysis of gob-side entry retaining on a working face in a steep coal seam

Based on the decline in exploitation of coal resources, steep coal seam mining and mining face tensions continue to explore the feasibility analysis of steeply inclined faces in the gob. One of the key factors in utilizing the technology of gob-side entry retaining in steep coal seams is to safely and effectively prevent caving rock blocks from rushing into the gob-side entry by sliding downwards along levels. Using theoretical analysis and field methods, we numerically simulated the mining process on a fully-mechanized face in a steep coal seam. The stress and deformation process of roof strata has been analyzed, and the difficulty of utilizing the technology is considered and combined with practice in a steep working face in Lvshuidong mine. The feasibility of utilizing the technology of gob-side entry retaining in a steep coal seam has been recognised. We propose that roadways along the left lane offshoot body use a specially-made reinforced steel dense net to build a dense rock face at the lower head. The results show that the lane offshoot branch creates effective roof control, safe conditions for roadway construction workers, and practical application of steeply inclined gob.     

Failure laws of narrow pillar and asymmetric control technique of gob-side entry driving in island coal face

In allusion to the problems of complex stress distribution in the surrounding rock and deformation failure laws, as well as the difficulty in roadway supporting of the gob-side entry driving in the island coal face, 2107 face in Chengjiao Colliery is researched as an engineering case. Through physical mechanical test of rock, theoretical and numerical simulation analyses of rock, the analysis model of the roadway overlying strata structure was established, and its parameters quantified. To reveal the deformation law of the surrounding rock, the stability of the overlying strata structure was studied before, during and after the roadway driving. According to the field conditions, the stress distribution in coal pillar was quantified, and the surrounding rock deformation feature studied with different widths of the pillars in gob-side entry driving. Finally, the pillar width of 4 m was considered as the most reasonable. The research results show that there is great difference in support conditions among roadway roof, entity coal side and narrow pillar side. Besides, the asymmetric control technique for support of the surrounding rock was proposed. The asymmetric control technique was proved to be reasonable by field monitoring, support by bolt-net, steel ladder and steel wire truss used in narrow pillar side.     

Control mechanism and technique of floor heave with reinforcing solid coal side and floor corner in gob-side coal entry retaining

Floor heave is the most common convergence in gob-side entry retaining. The paper analyzes the form, process and characteristics of gob-side entry retaining with the comprehensive methods of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and the field trial. Research results present that bending and folding floor heave is the main factor in the stage of the first panel mining; squeezing and fluidity floor heave plays a great role in the stable stage of gob-side entry retaining; the combination of the former two factors affects mainly the stage of the second mining ahead; abutment pressure is a fundamental contribution to the serious floor heave of gob-side entry retaining, and sides corners of solid coal body are key part in the case of floor heave controlling of gob-side entry retaining. Floor heave of gob-side entry retaining can be significantly controlled by reinforcing sides and corners of solid coal body, and influence rules on the floor heave of gob side entry retaining of sides supporting strength and the bottom bolt orientation in solid coal side are obtained. Research results have been successfully applied in gob-side entry retaining of G20-F23070 face haulage roadway in #2 coal mine of Pingmei Group, and the field observation shows that the proposed technique is an effective way in controlling the floor heave of gob-side entry retaining.     

Roof filling control technology and application to mine roadway damage in small pit goaf

To recover coal resources that have been damaged by traditional mining methods and ensure stability of the lower roadway in a small pit goaf, the goaf area must be filled and reinforced. In this research, the1202 working face of the Hanzui mine is considered as an example for classifying the roof of the mining tunnel under the small kiln destruction zone, the effect of the goaf on the roadway is determined based on the radio tunnel penetration method, a mechanical model to determine the roof filling control mechanism was established, and the duct foaming system and roof filling process were designed. The results show that the scope and degree of influence of the goaf on the mining lane are large, but safe tunneling can be ensured through the use of a steel shed and advanced grouting techniques. When the roof conditions are not similar, materials with different filling heights and filling strengths can be used to control the roof filling of the roadway. By combining field experience and laboratory tests, it was determined that a high-foaming material with a water-cement ratio of 1:0.6, a suitable high-foaming additive, and a water volume ratio of 1:30 is cost-efficient for filling and meets the filling strength requirements. Finally, the reliability of the proposed technology was verified by field experiments, which provide a reference for filling operations in similar mines.     

九里山矿突出煤层巷道掘进防突技术

突出煤层煤巷掘进防突直接关系到煤矿的安全生产和采掘接替．在长期的生产实践中，煤矿科研工作者进行了深入地研究，试验了不同的防突技术措施和工艺。并在不同时期取得了较好的效果．通过焦作矿区九里山矿15011工作面巷道掘进期间的瓦斯防治技术实践，阐述了煤巷掘进防突技术在焦作矿区的应用与发展，并对焦作矿区的煤巷掘进防突技术进行浅要的分析与展望．     

九里山矿突出煤层巷道掘进防突技术

突出煤层煤巷掘进防突直接关系到煤矿的安全生产和采掘接替.在长期的生产实践中,煤矿科研工作者进行了深入地研究,试验了不同的防突技术措施和工艺,并在不同时期取得了较好的效果.通过焦作矿区九里山矿15011工作面巷道掘进期间的瓦斯防治技术实践,阐述了煤巷掘进防突技术在焦作矿区的应用与发展,并对焦作矿区的煤巷掘进防突技术进行浅要的分析与展望.