氮气等离子体改性PET编织材料抗细菌粘附研究

采用氮气低温等离子体技术对人工心瓣用Ｄａｃｒｏｎ材料进行表面改性。在单因素试验的基础上,采用正交设计选定最佳反应条件,提高材料表面的亲水性。对改性后的材料体外作表皮葡萄球菌的动态粘附实验,其抗细菌粘附能力有一定的提高。     

低温等离子体在铝片表面沉积类PEG结构研究

研究了低温等离子体条件下铝片表面沉积的类PEG(聚乙二醇)大分子层结构及其性质．铝片在二(乙二醇)甲醚／微波电子回旋共振低温氧等离子体条件下进行处理，表面得到一层均匀、致密的涂层．经过电子光谱化学分析(ESCA)、衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)和生物活性的分析和表征．发现沉积的涂层为类PEG结构，表面主要聚集大量-CH2-CH2—O-键；与改性前相比，等离子体处理的铝片表面能极大地降低细菌吸附．     

低温等离子体在铝片表面沉积类PEG结构研究

研究了低温等离子体条件下铝片表面沉积的类PEG(聚乙二醇)大分子层结构及其性质.铝片在二(乙二醇)甲醚/微波电子回旋共振低温氧等离子体条件下进行处理,表面得到一层均匀、致密的涂层.经过电子光谱化学分析(ESCA)、衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)和生物活性的分析和表征,发现沉积的涂层为类PEG结构,表面主要聚集大量-CH2-CH2-O-键;与改性前相比,等离子体处理的铝片表面能极大地降低细菌吸附.     

聚偏氟乙烯多孔膜的改性研究进展

为了提高聚偏氯乙烯（PVDF）多孔膜的抗污染性,必须设法改善其表面亲水性,本文从物理改性,化学改性,低温等离子,辐照改性和光化学改性5个方面详细介绍了各种方法,并分别讨论了各自的改性效果。     

具有多重抗菌性能的聚氨酯的合成及表征

为了有效防止细菌生物膜在生物材料表面形成,通过用α-叔胺基-ω-羟基聚乙二醇 （NPEG）对聚氨酯进行封端并用卤代烃进行季铵化.利用PEG的抗粘附性能和季铵盐的物理杀菌功能,得到表面具有抗细菌粘附和永久杀菌的双重功能的新型聚氨酯,并研究了材料的本体结构和表面性质及抗菌性能.1HNMR,GPC 证明了所合成的NPEG和聚氨酯的结构.FTIR、DSC和力学性能研究发现,封端剂的引入对聚氨酯的微相分离结构和力学性能的影响较小.但是,水接触角研究发现,NPEG能够在聚氨酯表面富集.这是由于链端的活动性好,而且,PEG链与长链烷基协同作用而迁移至聚氨酯表面.抗菌实验发现,PEG间隔的引入能够显著提高材料的抗菌性能.     

多晶硅太阳电池的氮化硅薄膜性能研究

用等离子体化学气相沉积（PECYD）法,通过改变[SiH4：N2]/[NH3]的流量比沉积SiN薄膜.用椭圆偏振仪、准稳态光电导衰减法（QSSPCD）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、红外吸收光谱（IR）、反射谱,测试氮化硅薄膜的厚度、折射率、少子寿命、Si/N、氢含量、反射率.研究了多晶硅太阳电池沉积氮化硅薄膜的性能,结果发现：沉积温度350℃,沉积时间5 min,[SiH4：N2]/[NH3]=4：1时,沉积氮化硅硅片寿命高、氢含量高钝化效果好、反射率低.     

活性炭低温氧/氮等离子体表面改性的研究

利用低温氧、氮等离子体将商品活性炭进行表面改性,采用傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和电位滴定法分析、测定改性前后活性炭表面官能团的种类与数量.结果表明,同功率下P-O2改性时活性炭烧失率远比P-N2改性的高;在P-O2改性过程中,活性炭烧失率随等离子体发生功率的增大而升高,而在P-N2改性过程中,活性炭烧失率随着等离子体发生功率的变化有一峰值,该峰值在低功率范围内随功率的增大而增大,在高功率范围内随功率的进一步增大反而降低.活性炭经P-O2改性在炭表面上引入了大量的含氧官能团,经P-N2改性的活性炭随着活性炭表面改性强度的提高,表面含氧酸性官能团逐渐减少,含氮官能团逐渐增加,获得了富含硝基、胺基和酰胺基的活性炭.     

CF_4- CH_4 等离子体对 PET 的表面改性及反应动力学

利用 Ｘ射线光电子能谱仪和接触角方法研究表征了 Ｃ Ｆ４ Ｃ Ｈ４ 混合气体 Ｒ Ｆ等离子体改性 Ｐ Ｅ Ｔ的表面特征根据沉积速率可将整个浓度范围分为三个区域,各区域内等离子体作用机制不同区域１（０～８３．３％ ）为等离子体聚合区域;区域２（８３．３～９６．２％ ）内聚合起主要作用,刻蚀起次要作用,区域３（９６．２～１００％ ）内刻蚀和氟化接枝起主要作用借鉴表面吸附反应动力学模型,推导出等离子体表面类吸附反应动力学方程式,理论计算的沉积速率与实验值有很好的相关性     

低温等离子体对山羊绒纤维的表面改性

通过低温等离子体处理技术,对山羊绒纤维进行防毡缩整理.在空气条件下,制定单因素实验,研究低温等离子体处理时间对山羊绒纤维的断裂强力、断裂伸长率和摩擦性能的影响.通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察改性前后纤维表面的微细结构变化.实验结果表明,经不同条件的等离子体处理后,山羊绒纤维的表面出现了不同程度的物理与化学刻蚀作用.在保证单纤维强力损失变化不大的情况下,纤维的表面防毡缩性能得到了较大的改善.当等离子体处理压强为20Pa,功率为60W时,较佳的处理时间为2min.     

纳米氧化锌抗紫外织物整理剂的分散性能

以纳米氧化锌为抗紫外线屏蔽剂,有机硅-聚丙烯酸酯乳液为粘合剂制备抗紫外织物整理剂.为获得分散性能稳定的纳米氧化锌抗紫外织物整理剂,尝试了利用改性剂进行表面改性、加入硅烷偶联剂与纳米氧化锌和有机聚合物作用、添加分散剂等方法,探讨了影响纳米氧化锌分散性能的因素,确定了最佳制备工艺路线:首先对纳米氧化锌进行表面改性,采用表面沉积法在纳米氧化锌表面沉积部分无机化合物,增加其亲水性;然后利用硅烷偶联剂中2种不同的化学基团分别与纳米氧化锌和有机硅-聚丙烯酸酯相互作用,进一步增加纳米氧化锌的分散稳定性,最后添加适当的分散剂.经过对纯棉和涤纶织物进行抗紫外整理,获得良好的紫外线屏蔽效果.     

Modification of Titanium Surfaces via Surface-initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization to Graft PEG-RGD Polymer Brushes to Inhibit Bacterial Adhesion and Promote Osteoblast Cell Attachment

Implant-related infection is one of the key concerns in clinical medicine, so the modification of titanium to inhibit bacterial adhesion and support osteoblast cell attachment is important. In this article, two strategies were used to examine the above effects. First, modification of titanium via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization(ATRP) was performed. The surface of the titanium was activated initially by a silane coupling agent. Well-defined polymer brushes of poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate were successfully tethered on the silane-coupled titanium surface to form hydration shell to examine the anti-fouling effect. Second, functionalization of the Ti-PEG surface with RGD was performed to examine the anti-bacterial adhesion and osteoblast cell attachment ability. The chemical composition of modified titanium surfaces was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). Changes in surface hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity were characterized by static water contact angle measurements. Results indicated that PEG-RGD brushes were successfully tethered on the titanium surface. And anti-bacterial adhesion ability and osteoblast cell attachment ability were confirmed by fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Results indicated that PEG can inhibit both bacterial adhesion and osteoblast cell attachment, while PEG-RGD brushes can not only inhibit bacterial adhesion but also promote osteoblast cell attachment.     

载体材料表面性质对定形相变材料相变行为的影响

为了研究载体材料与相变材料的界面相互作用机制,以聚乙二醇(PEG)为相变材料、分子筛MCM-48和有序介孔碳CMK-5为载体材料,采用物理共混的方法制备PEG/MCM-48和PEG/CMK-5两类定形相变材料.利用氮气吸附、TEM、FT-IR、XRD和DSC等表征技术,研究定形相变材料中载体材料的表面性质对相变材料PEG的定形能力、结晶度、相变行为的影响规律.研究结果表明,CMK-5和MCM-48具有相似的有序介孔结构,但是其化学组成不同;CMK-5与PEG的界面相互作用力弱于MCM-48与PEG的界面相互作用力.因此,PEG在CMK-5中的结晶度和相变焓均大于其在MCM-48中的结晶度和相变焓.     

放电处理在纺织品加工中的应用

本文研究了放电处理如低温等离子体处理、在大气环境中低温等离子体处理及镀层腐蚀对不同纺织纤维及高聚物材料表面性能的影响．等离子体处理主要造成纺织品的化学改性，增加其润湿性和附着力，而镀层腐蚀会在纺织品表面形成许多突起，增加其附着力，减少光的反射，从而增加染色深度     

月桂酸/PEG、分子筛复合相变材料的性能

选用月桂酸与PEG4000为相变材料,分子筛为改性剂,利用正交试验法,采用熔融共混法制备复合的相变体材料,并对其进行保温性能、结晶形态、红外光谱的研究。月桂酸与PEG4000能够形成最低共熔物,分子筛的最佳用量为30mg/g;LA/PEG4000复合相变体具有良好的保温性能,保温时间在500s左右,相变温度在35℃左右,满足服用及建筑材料的需求;月桂酸与PEG4000各自结晶,相互抑制,导致复合相变体的晶体尺寸减小;月桂酸与PEG4000之间发生了一定的化学反应,生成的反应物提高了两者之间的相容性。     

Low-cost preparation of mesoporous silica with high pore volume

Mesoporous silica materials with high pore volume were successfully prepared by the chemical precipitation method, with water glass and a biodegradable nonionic surfactant polyethylene glycol （PEG）. The obtained materials were characterized by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, thermo gravimetric analyzer and differential scanning calorimetry （TG-DSC）, nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements, and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The results showed that the changes of the pore parameters depended on both the surfactant content and heat treatment temperature. When the content of PEG was 10wt% and the obtained PEG/SiO2 composite was heated at 600℃, the mesoporous silica with a pore volume of 2.2 cma/g, a BET specific surface area of 361.55 m^2/g, and a diameter of 2-4 μm could be obtained. The obtained mesoporous silica materials have potential applications in the fields of paint and plastic, as thickening, reinforcing, and flatting agents.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">In vitro</Emphasis> blood compatibility of polyethylene terephthalate with covalently bounded hirudin on surface

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET,Dacron) was modified by surface immobilization of hirudin with glutaraldehyde(GA) as coupling reagent to improve the blood compatibility.Hirudin-immobilized PETs were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurements.The blood compatibility of the PETs was evaluated by platelet adhesion evaluation and fibrinogen conformational change measurements in vitro.The results showed the decrease of platelet adhesion and activation on hirudin-immobilized PET with increasing of glutaraldehyde concentration.Fibrinogen experiment showed that fibrinogen adherence and conformational changes of PET-HRD were less than those of untreated PET,which made the materials difficult to form thrombus.The proper reason of blood compatibility improvement was low interface tension between hirudin-immobilized PETs and blood,as well as blood proteins,and low ratio of dispersive/polar component of the surface energy(γsd/γsp) and high hydrophilicity.     

PET膜的接枝改性及其血液相容性研究

对PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)材料进行表面改性,以提高材料表面亲水性和抗凝血性能,采取紫外共辐照方法和逐步偶合接枝方法,先在PET表面接枝聚乙二醇,然后通过化学偶合方法在聚乙二醇末端接枝抗凝血药物肝素。改性后PET材料的表面亲水性和抗凝血性能得到很大改善。PET表面亲水性随着接枝PEG的分子量和反应浓度的增大而增强。使用亲水性高聚物PEG作为空间臂,可以很好地保持肝素的生物活性。通过紫外改性成功地在材料表面接枝了PEG和肝素,很好地改善了材料的生物相容性。     

橡胶—短纤维复合材料的研究——Ⅰ等离子体处理的短纤维对补强橡胶的影响

本文研究了用氮气低温等离子体和甲炕低温等离子体对短纤维的处理。结果表明,纤维表面有明显刻蚀现象,并产生接枝和沉积作用、因而增大了纤维与橡胶基质的粘合力、提高了短纤维对橡胶的补强效果。     

Surface modification of polypropylene microporous membrane by atmospheric-pressure plasma induced N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone graft polymerization

Membrane surfaces modified with poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)(PNVP)can be endowed with hydrophilicity,biocompatibility and functionality.In this work,atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge plasma graft polymerization of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone(NVP)onto polypropylene(PP)microporous membrane surface was studied.The experimental results reveal that plasma treatment conditions,such as discharge power,treatment time and adsorbed NVP amount,have remarkable effects on the grafting degree of NVP.Structural and morphological changes on the membrane surfaces were characterized by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR/ATR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscope(XPS)and field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM).Water contact angles of the membrane surfaces were also measured by the sessile drop method.Water contact angles on the membrane surfaces decrease with the increase of NVP grafting degree,which indicates an enhanced hydrophilicity for the modified membranes.The effects of grafting degrees on pure water fluxes were also measured.It is shown that pure water fluxes increase with grafting degree firstly and then decrease adversely.Finally,filtration of bovine serum albumin(BSA)solution and platelets adhesion of the PNVP modified membranes show good protein resistance and potential biocompatibility due to the enhancement of surface hydrophilicity.     

模板法制备纳米复合光催化材料HPA/TiO2

在模板剂P123作用下,采用溶胶一凝胶再结合程序升温溶剂热法制备了光催化材料H6P2W18O62/TiO2（P123）和H3PW12O40/TiO2（P123）,通过FTr—IR、ICP—AES、XRD、N2吸附一脱附等检测手段对其组成、结构及其表面物理化学性质进行了表征。结果表明,合成材料晶型结构良好,母体多酸的基本结构未发生明显变化,孔径分布均匀,经P123处理的合成产物H6P2W18O62/TiO2（P123）比表面积高达414．6m2／g。