沥青混合料在冻融循环作用下的弯拉特性

通过沥青混合料在冻融循环作用下的弯曲试验,分析了冻融循环次数、油石比、级配组成对混合料弯拉特性的影响。试验结果表明:随着冻融循环次数的增多,沥青混合料的弯拉强度、弯拉应变、劲度模量均呈减小趋势。油石比、级配组成对弯拉特性有明显影响,随着油石比的增大,冻融循环作用对沥青混合料弯拉特性的影响减小,AC-13混合料的弯拉特性优于其他两种级配。在青藏高原寒冷地区采用AC-13的沥青混合料、油石比为5.5%或适当增加油石比可以提高沥青混合料在冻融循环作用下的低温弯曲特性。     

温拌再生沥青混合料水稳定性研究

研究了基于Evotherm添加剂的温拌沥青混合料在旧料掺量为0、30%、40%、50%时空隙率、残留稳定度、冻融劈裂强度比的变化,并与热拌再生沥青混合料的技术指标进行对比。结果表明,混合料空隙率随着旧料掺量增加而增大,残留稳定度及冻融劈裂强度比随着旧料掺量的增加先增大后减小;温拌再生沥青混合料残留稳定度及冻融劈裂强度比略高于热拌再生沥青混合料;旧料筛分、破碎、分档工艺有利于提高温拌沥青混合料残留稳定度及冻融劈裂强度比。     

SMA混合料体积参数的试验研究

通过变化三种级配、两种纤维及每一纤维用量下至少变化三种油石比进行试验,研究级配组成、油石比及纤维沥青胶浆对SMA混合料体积参数的影响.结果表明,混合料的矿料级配对SMA混合料的体积参数影响显著.随4.75 mm筛孔通过率的增加,矿料间隙率VMA和空隙率VV均显著降低,而粗集料骨架间隙率VCAmix和沥青饱和度VFA则明显变大;随油石比的增加,由于沥青的填充作用,导致空隙率VV逐渐降低,沥青饱和度VFA增加.在级配一定情况下,纤维的"微集料"及填充作用,使SMA混合料的空隙率VV随纤维沥青胶浆含量的增大而减小,矿料间隙率VMA、沥青饱和度VFA及粗集料骨架间隙率VCAmix逐渐增大.     

橡胶沥青混合料密实度影响因素试验分析

通过马歇尔击实试验对橡胶沥青混合料的胶粉参量、集料特性、击实方法等方面展开研究,分析其最大蜡封干密度、油石比和空隙率,得出影响橡胶沥青混合料密实度的因素及变化规律。试验结果表明:胶粉掺量对混合料密实度影响很小;对于龙嫩公路用混合料级配,通过优化级配来提高密实度的提升空间不大;集料吸水率对空隙率影响明显,吸水率增加1%时,混合料空隙率增大约2%;相同的马歇尔试件100次击实比75次击实空隙率减小了31%,改变击实方法空隙率仅改变了1.6%。     

冻融循环对泡沫沥青再生混合料微观结构的影响

为了探究泡沫沥青冷再生混合料抗水损害能力的衰变情况,选取6种不同级配泡沫沥青冷再生混合料,采用劈裂强度试验及电子断层扫描试验,系统研究了不同冻融循环次数下混合料强度衰减特性、空隙级配及最可几孔径的变化规律.结果表明:随着冻融循环的增加,冷再生混合料的强度明显减小,微空隙显著减小,大空隙显著增加,空隙数目的变化直接影响到混合料的强度.电子断层扫描试验及劈裂强度试验结果表明:在总空隙率相同的条件下,微空隙越多混合料强度越高;大空隙越多混合料强度越低.以此为基础提出再生混合料内部空隙的3种分类:无害孔、少害孔及有害孔.前2次冻融循环对冷再生混合料最可几孔径影响最大.在相同的冻融次数下初始空隙率越大泡沫沥青冷再生混合料的最可几孔径越大.     

级配对开级配大粒径沥青碎石路用性能的影响

为了分析集料级配对开级配大粒径沥青碎石路用性能的影响,采用变i法设计开级配大粒径沥青碎石(OLSM)的集料级配,通过浸水大马歇尔试验、冻融劈裂试验、车辙试验和低温弯曲试验等性能试验,研究OLSM集料级配与其空隙率、强度、水稳定性、高温稳定性和低温抗裂性等路用性能的关系.结果表明:随着i值的减小、粗集料含量的增加,OLSM的空隙率增大,强度、水稳定性和高温稳定性降低,低温抗裂性先提高后降低;并基于路用性能的技术要求,推荐了满足各项性能的OLSM集料级配.     

级配集料的分形特性研究AC-16C

为了研究沥青混合料微观结构不均匀性的分布规律,基于分形的理论方法,从沥青混合料中集料的分布状态入手,对10组AC-16C级配类型的沥青混合料采用双对数坐标的方法计算其级配质量分形维数,研究沥青混合料级配质量分形维数的规律.研究结果表明:随着集料级配质量分形维数的增大,集料的空间填充能力增强,沥青混合料的空隙率也越来越小;随着粗集料中针片状含量的减小,集料颗粒被压碎或断裂的机率减小,从而提高了沥青混合料的均匀性.     

沥青混合料劈裂强度影响因素数值模拟

为数值研究沥青混合料劈裂强度影响因素,基于三维离散元法与粘聚带模型,建立了沥青混合料劈裂试验微观力学模型,模拟不同集料级配在不同温度下沥青混合料劈裂强度,并通过室内试验进行验证。研究结果表明:基于粘聚带模型和三维离散元法所建立的沥青混合料劈裂试验微观力学模型可较地好模拟沥青混合料劈裂强度。集料级配和温度对沥青混合料劈裂强度有显著影响。相同温度下,随着集料公称最大粒径变大,集料级配变粗,沥青混合料劈裂强度而逐渐增大;相同集料公称最大粒径时沥青混合料劈裂强度随温度的升高而逐渐降低。     

多孔沥青混合料路用性能研究

多孔沥青混合料与密级配沥青混合料在组成和结构上存在区别,因此在水稳定性、抗冻、高温、疲劳特性等方面存在差异。基于汉堡浸水车辙、冻融循环、疲劳等室内试验对多孔沥青混合料PAC-13的路用性能进行系统研究。结果表明,采用了高黏度改性沥青和骨架结构的多孔沥青混合料在水、热和荷载耦合作用下的路用性能良好;其低温性能较密级配沥青混合料弱;在浸水状态下经历冻融循环后,混合料的马歇尔稳定度、劈裂强度和飞散损失等指标未出现显著衰减,抗冻性能良好;混合料的抗疲劳性能随着空隙率的增大而降低,同时应力水平变化对疲劳寿命的影响总体上也变得更敏感。     

AC-13改性沥青混合料劈裂强度影响因素与变异性

沥青混凝土路面强度不足是导致早期损坏的主要形式之一.应用马歇尔正交试验设计,采用数理统计方法研究了AC-13 SBS改性沥青混合料15℃劈裂强度的影响因素及其变异性,以及与密度、空隙率的相关性.结果表明:2.36mm,4.75 mm和0.075 mm筛孔通过率对劈裂强度影响显著,其中2.36 mm筛孔通过率对劈裂强度的影响接近高度显著,而油石比和9.5 mm筛孔通过率对劈裂强度影响不显著;0.075 mm和9.5 mm筛孔通过率是劈裂强度变异性的主要影响因素;劈裂强度与试件毛体积相对密度、空隙率之间存在线性相关性,其相关系数均大于0.68.同时给出了材料组成设计和质量控制措施的建议,对提高沥青混合料力学性能具有指导作用.     

多年冻土地区沥青混合料抗压回弹模量性能研究

针对多年冻土地区常年温度低、温差大等特殊气候条件,通过沥青混合料室内抗压回弹模量试验,分析温度、油石比、沥青种类和级配对混合料抗压回弹模量的影响。结果表明,沥青混合料回弹模量随温度的升高而降低;对比不同级配沥青混合料可知,低温下,SBR改性AC-16混合料的抗压回弹模量与AC-13相当;存在对应于抗压回弹模量达到最大值时的最佳油石比,范围约在6.0%～7.0%之间;SBR改性沥青混合料的低温抗压回弹模量明显优于130#道路石油沥青混合料。混合料抗压回弹模量值的常对数与温度及油石比的关系符合二元一次函数。用SPSS相关分析方法分析各个影响因素对混合料抗压特性的影响程度可知,温度和沥青种类对抗压回弹模量影响显著。     

泡沫沥青分散性状及其与矿料相互作用研究

采用简便的筛分分析法,分别考虑沥青发泡特性、矿料温度、矿料级配组成及矿料拌和水量等材料设计参数,对泡沫沥青混合料中沥青分散性状及沥青与矿料的相互作用进行了分析评价。结果表明:沥青发泡性能及矿料温度的提高有助于提升泡沫沥青的分散均匀性,并在一定程度上增大泡沫沥青裹覆的矿料粒径范围;泡沫沥青在混合料中均匀分散时,其主要裹覆矿料为小于1.18mm、尤其是小于0.3mm的细料颗粒,为确保泡沫沥青混合料性能优良,矿料组成中必须具有足够的小于0.3mm的细料,且细料部分应为连续级配;矿料拌和水量不合理将导致泡沫沥青结团,对泡沫沥青混合料强度及稳定性不利,混合料组成设计中需通过试拌方式确定合适的矿料拌和水量。     

Evaluation of Mixture Performance Recycled Asphalt Pavement Materials as Base Layer with or without Rejuvenator into the Asphalt

The binder properties were determined in accordance with Chinese standard such as ductility test,which allowed to measure the distance in centimeters that a standard briquette of asphalt had been stretched before breaking.Then,penetration test was carried out in order to know some properties of the asphalt,which are the hardness and the softness.Finally,softening point test was carried out in order to determine the temperature at which the bitumen attains a particular degree of softening under the specification of the test.According to Chinese standard for performance tests,firstly,Marshall test was carried out in order to measure the theoretical density,air voids,voids filled with asphalt,stability,flow,and voids in mineral aggregate of asphalt specimens.Secondly,Freeze-thaw splitting test was carried out in order to determine Splitting strength ratio.Finally,dynamic stability (rutting) test was carried out to determine average dynamic stability.Beside the tests carried out,the gradation of the extracted aggregate in accordance with American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials was carried out to determine the dimensions of the particles weight distribution.Furthermore,both the percentage of recycled asphalt pavement materials and binder in mixture were determined to know how much of the new material during the mixture was needed.However,two specimens were used to evaluate the performance of recycled asphalt pavement materials.One specimen of recycled asphalt pavement materials was ten years old,and another one of recycled asphalt pavement materials was five years old.The results show that the conditions of the environment such as moisture,temperature,and age,decrease the ductility and penetration properties of binder when increase the softening point property of binder.Then the gradation of recycled asphalt pavement aggregate is of the required values to reuse in the mixture,while the flow ratio,the splitting strength ratio,and the dynamic stability ratio,are less than the required value test.With regard to the properties of mixture of recycled asphalt pavement material binder with rejuvenator,the results show that when the penetration and ductility versus percentage of rejuvenator increase,softening point versus percentage of rejuvenator decreases.Also,when the bitumen and rejuvenator percentage increase,the air voids decrease.Consequently,voids filled with asphalt and voids in the mineral aggregate increase.Moreover,the theoretical density and stability values decrease in a mixture containing four-point fifty percent to six percent of bitumen and rejuvenator,whereas the flow values increase.More interestingly,with four percent to four-point fifty percent mixture ratio of bitumen and rejuvenator,density,stability,and flow values increase.The splitting strength ratio values of mixtures and the dynamic stability test (rutting test) values of mixtures with forty percent of specimen one and specimen two respectively are greater than the required value of the standard test.In addition,the high percentage of rejuvenator increases the rut of pavement,in the same manner,the low percentage of rejuvenator induces low rut.In conclusion,the binder content from recycled materials without rejuvenator seems not be sufficient to be reused on the new pavement while the aged recycled material seems to be performed better than no aged recycled material with rejuvenator into bitumen.Then,the rejuvenator can influence the bitumen properties and performance of the pavement.Finally,the pavement made by only recycled pavement materials as a base layer appears to be more economical but cannot be more effective than the pavement made by mixture of new and recycled pavement materials as a base layer.     

基于分形理论沥青混合料均匀性评价方法

为研究沥青混合料均匀性定量的评价方法,基于分形理论,对沥青混合料中集料的分布状态,即混合料的均匀性展开直接研究.计算的结果与主观上的观测结果基本一致.研究结果表明:利用分形理论,选用集料质量级配分维值可以定量地评价沥青混合料的均匀性;随着公称最大集料粒径的增大,沥青混合料均匀性变差;集料质量级配分维值越大,则集料级配越粗.     

Effect of aggregate gradation on low temperature performance of asphalt paving mixtures

Low temperature cracking has become one of the important factors that diminish asphalt pavement’s ride quality and service life.Especially in cold region,cracking caused by low temperature is the main distress form.This paper discussed the effect of aggregate gradation on the low temperature performance in asphalt paving mixtures.A total of 11 asphalt mixtures with 11 different aggregate gradations and one asphalt binder content were studied.Volumetric properties of the coarse aggregate and asphalt mixtures showed aggregate grading has a significant impact on the degree of aggregate interlock in asphalt mixtures.A trend is existed in the low temperature performance with the change of gradation.With the aid of mathematic statistics,it indicates gradation affects the low temperature performance significantly.The findings also indicate the relationship between the degree of aggregate interlock in asphalt mixtures and the low temperature performance:With the stone-to-stone contact developed,the mixture has a high energy to resist contract and deformation at low temperature.The properties of fine aggregate and asphalt play an important part in resisting low temperature cracking in floating structure.But it provides lower energy to resist low temperature cracking compared to the skeleton structure.     

AC-13改性沥青混合料劈裂强度的影响因素及其与马歇尔性能指标的相关性

应用正交试验设计和统计分析方法研究了AC-13改性沥青混合料在15℃时的劈裂强度的影响因素和排序,以及与马歇尔性能指标的相关性。结果表明,细集料级配对劈裂强度影响显著,其筛孔通过率的排序为2.36mm筛孔4.75mm筛孔0.075mm筛孔油石比9.5mm筛孔。其中,2.36mm筛孔通过率对劈裂强度影响接近高度显著,而油石比和9.5mm筛孔通过率对劈裂强度影响不显著;劈裂强度与马歇尔性能指标之间存在较为明显的线性相关性,绝对相关系数均大于68%,随空隙率的逐渐增大,劈裂强度衰减近30%。     

动水作用下沥青混合料疲劳性能变化

为研究不同材料组成下沥青混合料抗疲劳性能受动水作用的影响,开发了模拟沥青路面受水、荷载、温度共同作用的室内试验设备并提出了试验方法.将6%、10%、14%3种空隙率,AC-16、SMA-16、SAC-16 3种级配,A-90、A-110、A-130 3种沥青组合成7种沥青混合料;对比分析其动水作用前后的应力疲劳方程参数变化.结果表明:7种沥青混合料动水作用后的疲劳性能均有不同程度衰减.疲劳荷载作用下,动水作用后的混合料沥青膜更易剥落.10%空隙率是AC类混合料的较不利空隙率;其疲劳寿命的衰减程度最大且应力敏感性增加.10%空隙率时,悬浮结构沥青混合料抗疲劳性能受动水作用影响要比骨架结构的大,高标号沥青混合料所受影响比低标号的大.     

废轮胎橡胶粉改性沥青对混合料空隙结构的影响

为了研究废旧轮胎橡胶粉改性沥青对混合料空隙结构的影响,在我国SMA13级配范围内选择9条级配曲线,测试橡胶沥青混合料的体积参数;采用3种不同成型方法测试其对体积参数的影响,同时变化不同的矿粉用量,分析橡胶粉改性沥青对混合料空隙结构的影响。试验结果表明:SMA13混合料级配范围能够满足橡胶粉改性沥青的空隙结构的需要;采用橡胶粉改性沥青后的室内成型方法为双面击实50次;掺有橡胶沥青的混合料空隙率要比不掺的小2.5%,随着矿粉用量的增加,矿料间隙率不断下降,基质沥青的降幅达到1.2%,橡胶沥青的降幅仅为0.4%。     

Fatigue property of basalt fiber-modified asphalt mixture under complicated environment

The fatigue property of asphalt mixtures under complicated environment （low-temperature bending performance, chloride penetration, freezing-thawing cycle and their coupling effect） and the improvement effect for relevant property of basalt fiber-reinforcing asphalt mixture under complicated environment are studied. Two grading types of asphalt mixtures, AC-16I and AC-13I, are chosen, whose optimum asphalt-aggregate ratio and optimum dosage of basalt fiber are determined by the Marshall test. The standard specimens are made firstly, and then the low temperature bending tests of asphalt mixture and basalt fiber-reinforced asphalt mixture under the coupling effect of the chloride erosion and freezing-thawing cycle have been carried out. Finally, the fatigue property tests of asphalt mixture and basalt fiber-reinforced asphalt mixture under complex environment are performed on MTS material testing system. The results indicate that the tensile strength, the maximum curving tensile stress, the curving stiffness modulus, and fatigue properties of asphalt mixture are influenced by the coupling effect of the chloride erosion and freezing-thawing cycle. The low-temperature bending performance and fatigue property of asphalt mixtures under complicated environment can be greatly improved by adding moderate basalt fiber. The dense gradation asphalt mixture possesses stronger ability to resist adverse environmental effects under the same condition.