基于WiFi信号的室内外联合定位技术研究

当前基于GPS与WiFi的室内外联合定位技术实现了较高定位精度,然而此类方法在过渡区域时需要处理两种不同场景的信号,存在越区平滑切换难以及缺乏有效的数据关联等问题。针对上述问题,将物理空间位置信息与WiFi信息关联建立了基于WiFi信号的室内外联合定位图模型,并使用Jaccard相似度算法进行室内外判定和一次定位。为了增加WiFi定位精度,使用三次样条插值扩充WiFi指纹库,并通过加权K近邻算法进行二次精准定位。实验结果表明,基于定位图模型的方法具有较高定位精度和较小的系统时延。此外,结合校园三维模型与前端技术开发了WiFi室内外联合定位系统,并部署在云服务器端,验证了所提出的定位方法具有潜在应用价值。     

多基准站GPS定位靶场测试方法研究

在靶场试验过程中,传统的单基准站由于基线长度的限制使其作用范围有限,从而超出一定距离后,差分精度随着大气误差相关性的减弱而明显受到影响;为了解决靶场GPS单频伪距差分定位距离远时精度下降问题,提出了多基准站GPS定位伪距差分定位方法;该方法深入分析伪距方程和伪距差分定位之间的关系;建立靶场基准站网络实时接收目标定位数据和基准站定位数据并实时传送到控制中心;利用基于距离的线性内差模型,设计多基准站数据处理算法和多基线测量数据加权处理方法,实时解算目标定位信息;测试结果表明,多基准站GPS定位伪距差分定位方法,能够有效地解决常规单基准站伪距差分定位精度随用户站与基准站距离增加而降低的问题,同时提高了测试精度。     

基于灰色预测模型的GPS/WiFi室内外融合定位方法

针对室内外GPS/WiFi信号交织区定位模式反复切换、定位精度低的问题,提出一种基于灰色预测模型的融合定位方法。通过构造GM(1,1)模型得到当前定位模式下物体的灰色预测轨迹,利用几何方式将预测轨迹与待切换定位模式下的定位信息进行深度融合,实现精准定位。当预测轨迹与定位信息几何融合失败时,根据GPS接收卫星信号的数量判断是否切换定位模式。实验结果表明,与基于GPS和基于WiFi的定位方法相比,该方法具有较高的定位精度与较强的鲁棒性。     

一种双级北斗导航接收机伪距误差补偿方法

伪距误差是影响北斗卫星导航接收机定位精度的关键因素,本文提出一种基于伪距差分和自适应容积卡尔曼滤波（Cubature Kalman filter,CKF）的双级北斗导航接收机伪距误差补偿方法。该方法将伪距误差分为自有性误差和公共性误差两类,首先通过伪距差分方法补偿伪距自有性误差,其次设计量测噪声自适应CKF滤波器,对用户接收机运动系统状态进行估计,补偿伪距公共性误差。实验结果表明：载体静态时,双级补偿方法略优;载体动态时,双级补偿比单级补偿的定位误差减小显著,自适应CKF算法比CKF算法具有更好的对噪声和干扰的适应能力。     

北斗高精度智能交通系统的设计及测试

北斗卫星导航系统是中国自行研制的全球卫星导航系统,也是继GPS、GLONASS之后的第三个成熟的卫星导航系统。中国软件评测中心通过实施基于北斗高精度导航定位的智能交通应用示范项目,开发出了由中心服务子系统、全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)基准站子系统、车载终端子系统和人员终端子系统构成的北斗高精度导航定位系统,以及与校车应用场景相配套的路径规划算法和联合定位算法,演示系统在泰国进行了部署与测试,对其电子围栏、实时轨迹、轨迹回放功能进行了验证,并对其车载终端单点定位精度、RTK定位精度、车载终端速度精度、人员终端单点定位精度、人员终端伪距差分精度等关键性能指标开展了测试,测试结果进一步验证了北斗高精度智能交通系统在国内外的应用可行性。     

基于卫星定位和惯导融合的模拟测绘系统设计

设计了一种基于北斗/GPS卫星定位和惯导融合的模拟测绘系统,用以对现有测绘方式进行补充。系统以履带车为信息采集移动平台,以STM32F103单片机为信息采集控制中心,用树莓派对测绘现场进行实时视频采集,以九轴MPU融合北斗/GPS双精度定位算法实现对采集点的精确定位,通过树莓派自带的WiFi和4G路由器实现数据上传服务器,通过地面站对履带车进行实时远程手动控制和自主路径规划。测试表明系统通过北斗/GPS卫星定位和惯导融合能满足一定的测绘需要,能对所测地面地形建立数字高程模型(digital elevation model)。     

GPS/GLONASS 组合定位在LBS 系统中的应用

研究了GPS和GLONASS之间坐标系统和时间系统的转换关系,结合单系统伪距定位观测方程,推导出组合定位下的伪距观测方程及其求解方法,并编程实现。实验分析表明,GPS/GLONASS组合定位在观测条件不好的情况下,定位精度明显优于单定位系统。应用于LBS系统,将提高LBS的服务质量,推动LBS的发展。     

BDS/SINS紧耦合组合导航技术仿真研究

研究北斗卫星导航系统定位精度优化问题.由于单一北斗系统不能满足飞行器导航要求,为了增强系统可靠性、实时性和抗干扰能力,针对卫星系统导航信号通视性差、易失锁和数据更新频率低等问题,提出了机载紧耦合BDS/SINS组合导航技术.对BDS和SINS的误差模型进行分析,构造了利用伪距和伪距率的状态方程和量测方程.仿真结果表明,紧耦合组合导航系统精度和可靠性更高,在少星条件下仍能满足载体导航需求,并弥补了BDS单一导航的不足.     

基于扩展Kalman滤波的室内WiFi-PDR融合定位算法

为解决室内WiFi定位精度较低及行人航位推算(PDR)定位存在累积误差的问题,提出一种基于扩展Kalman滤波(EKF)的WiFi-PDR融合定位算法。WiFi通过改进的WKNN算法实现匹配定位,根据定位点与K近邻点的接收信号强度指示相对偏差进行权值修正,PDR定位采用多重约束条件的步态检测和在线步长估计方法。在此基础上,将EKF作为WiFi和PDR定位的融合滤波器,以降低WiFi定位回跳和PDR累计误差,从而提高定位精度。实验结果表明,在多次行迹转弯条件下,该融合定位算法的定位精度可达1.8 m。     

基于手持设备的室内定位系统设计与实现

为解决无法在室内使用GPS的问题,设计并实现了基于常用手持设备(如手机、平板电脑)的室内定位系统。系统融合了传统的惯性定位方法和基于WiFi信号强度定位方法,易于搭建,仅需一个包含惯性传感器、电子罗盘、WiFi扫描的手持设备。提出了惯性定位中的路径匹配算法和WiFi信号定位方法中的位置估计算法。经实际测试,系统定位精度小于4m。     

Assessing Ideational and Evaluative Skills and Creative Styles and Attitudes

This article describes the rationale for the multiphase creative problem solving process, and reports the findings from an empirical investigation conducted to facilitate the problem solving of managers. The ideational skills of the managers were assessed before and after training in a complete process of creative problem solving, along with their ideational attitudes, creative problem solving style (i.e., generator, conceptualizer, optimizer, or implementor), and evaluative skill (i.e., ability to recognize original ideas). The most important findings indicated that the training had a significant impact on the evaluative accuracy of the managers. They were significantly more accurate in their judgments about original ideas after training, both in their identification of original ideas and their recognition of unoriginal ideas. After training, the managers also gave more solutions and more original solutions to problems. Finally, several variables (e.g., the “preference for active divergence” attitude, and the conceptualizer process style) seemed to moderate the impact of training. Training was therefore effective, with specific effects that can be predicted from pre-training individual differences in attitudes and process style.     

Rank and select revisited and extended

The deep connection between the Burrows–Wheeler transform (BWT) and the so-called rank and select data structures for symbol sequences is the basis of most successful approaches to compressed text indexing. Rank of a symbol at a given position equals the number of times the symbol appears in the corresponding prefix of the sequence. Select is the inverse, retrieving the positions of the symbol occurrences. It has been shown that improvements to rank/select algorithms, in combination with the BWT, turn into improved compressed text indexes.     

Semantics and verification of monitors and systems of monitors and processes

In this paper we present a sound and complete semantics for the monitor concept of C.A.R. Hoare. First a method for specification of monitors, introduced by O.-J. Dahl, is reviewed. This method is based on the relation between the historic sequence of monitor procedure calls and the historic sequence of monitor procedure exits. Based on such specifications and our new monitor semantics we present a method by which it is possible to prove that a concrete monitor is an implementation of an abstract one. In the last part of the paper an axiomatic semantics for systems of concurrent processes and monitors is introduced. The method supports verification by separation of concerns: Properties of the communication to and from each process are proven in isolation by a usual Hoare style axiomatic semantics, while abstract monitors are also specified in isolation by the method reviewed in the first part of the paper. These properties of the components of the system are then used in a new proof rule to conclude properties of the complete system. Stein Gjessing received a Ph.D. (actually a Dr. philos.) from the University of Oslo (Norway) in 1985. Presently he is an Associate Professor at the Institute of informatics, University of Oslo, Norway. Dr. Gjessings research interests are in the area of concurrent and distributed programming, operating systems, formal specification and verification and programming languages.     

Integrating and automating analysis and optimization

The development of an interface coupling program on personal computers for an analysis software system such as ANSYS, SAP, etc. and an optimization software system, MOST, is presented. By controlling and directing the communications the interface coupler integrates the two programs while retaining their versatility and interactive features. The integrated system is used to solve a numerical example of active noise control for a three-dimensional enclosure, in which an energy density level of control points is minimized by adding the sound source to cancel the unwanted noise. The interface coupling program automates with relatively low cost the iterative process for designing an engineering system, remaining flexible in acoustical modelling and efficient in equation solving. Also, the coupling interface is developed in a general-purpose way so that it can be expanded easily to integrate more analysis software packages of different kinds.