共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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为了利用尽可能少的传感器,来获取最可靠及最全面的桥梁健康状况信息,必须对传感器进行最优布设,从而实现对结构状态改变信息的最优采集.实验结果表明:本文所提出的方案能够迅速有效地从一个自由度复杂的结构模型中,选择出最优的传感器布设位置. 相似文献
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介绍了无线传感器网络在林业监测应用中的优势,提出了适合于林区监测的、基于链式分簇的无线传感器网络的布设方案,并描述了基于ZigBee网络协议的方案实现. 相似文献
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研究在无线传感器网络中如何选择活动的路由节点及其传输范围,以有效节省能量的消耗。在节点随机布设的线性网络中,当网络传输流量一定的条件下,提出了三种路由节点选择及其传输范围调整算法,获得最优无线传输范围与通信流量之间的关系,数值计算证实了其中的动态规划算法可以选择到最优能量消耗的路由节点及其传输范围。 相似文献
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针对海水水质现场采样监测问题的困难性,提出了一种利用无线传感器网络技术和计算机技术的在线监测方案。方案涵盖感知层、网络层和应用层,通过把现有的水质传感器连接到微控制器上,利用无线传输模块实现点区域的数据汇集,汇集数据通过GPRS模块接入互联网中,上位机服务器接收和处理数据并把结果存放到数据库中。方案对无线传感器网络的布设做了简单的介绍,给出了监测网络的数据传输存储流程,并对上位机服务器程序和海水水质数据库的建设做了详细介绍。方案通过实物搭建和实验验证了可行性。 相似文献
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本文研究总比特率给定下随机向量参数分布式量化估计及其最优比特分配问题.与现有文献大都假定每个传感器的量化比特率给定而不是最优分配下研究随机性参数的分布式量化估计问题不同的是,本文将综合考虑最优量化器、最优估计器算法以及给定总比特率下的最优比特分配问题.针对向量状态标量观测模型,首先借助现有文献给出基于量化观测的最优估计器及其误差协方差阵形式表达,其次得到各传感器的渐近最优量化器实际为著名的Lloyd-max量化器,且各传感器的渐近最优量化级数与信噪比成正比,同时引入一种次优的求解非负整数比特率的方法.考虑到当传感器数目比较大时,初始的最优估计器算法运算量很大,设计了一种渐近等价的迭代量化估计器算法,其计算负担大大减轻,且对于存在延迟或丢包的网络环境亦适用,增强了算法的鲁棒性.仿真结果表明,本文提出的最优比特分配方案估计性能明显优于一般的均匀比特分配方案. 相似文献
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The paper proposes a scheme on achieving all-IP communication between wireless sensor networks and IPv6 networks based on sensor nodes' location information. The paper proposes the sensor node's IPv6 address structure based on location information, the IPv6-address configuration algorithm based on the proposed IPv6 address structure, the mobility handoff algorithm and the routing algorithm in the link layer. The location information of sensor nodes is utilized to achieve the IPv6-address configuration algorithm and the routing algorithm. In the mobility handoff algorithm, neither does a mobile sensor node need a care-of address during the mobility process, nor is involved in the mobility handoff process. Therefore, a mobile sensor node's power consumption is reduced and the life span is prolonged. The paper analyzes the performances of the proposed scheme and the existing schemes, and the analytical data show that the performance of the proposed scheme is better. 相似文献
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无线传感器网络节点定位机制的研究 总被引:26,自引:4,他引:26
无线传感器网络的许多应用都是基于节点的位置信息。传感器网络由于节点数量巨大,而且资源十分有限,全部节点都采用类似GPS的定位设备是不适宜的。文章介绍了无线传感器网络基于节点之间的连通性来估计节点的位置的定位算法,方法是在传感器网络中预先部署十分少量已知位置信息的信标节点,然后通过节点之间的跳数信息,实现对节点位置的估计。仿真显示该算法具有较好的实用性。 相似文献
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《Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing》2005,65(2):98-106
In this paper, we present time-based positioning scheme (iTPS), a purely localized location detection scheme for sensor networks with long-range beacons. iTPS relies on time difference of arrival (TDoA) of radio frequency (RF) signals measured locally at each sensor to detect range differences from the sensor to four base stations. These range differences are combined to estimate the sensor location through trilateration. iTPS is an improvement over TPS (Cheng et al., IEEE INFOCOM, 2004), which produces two ambiguous position estimates when sensors are close to any base station. iTPS substantially reduces the number of ambiguous estimates and can improve accuracy. Features of iTPS include low communication overhead for sensors, no requirements for time synchronization, low computational overhead due to simple algebraic operations, and high scalability. We conduct extensive simulation to test iTPS and compare it with TPS. The obtained results show that iTPS is an efficient and effective scheme for location discovery in sensor networks with long-range beacon stations. 相似文献
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节点位置的确定是水下无线传感器网络的应用基础。为了提高节点定位精度并延长网络生命周期,提出一种使用海面浮标节点作为参考节点的水下传感器网络节点定位算法。仿真结果表明该方法提高了节点定位的精度,并在一定程度上减少了能耗。 相似文献
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基于SimpliciTI协议的无线传感器网络设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对GPRS、ZigBee、WiFi等国际标准无线传感器网络通信协议价格高、对硬件要求高等问题,提出采用适用于小型射频网络的低功耗SimpliciTI协议设计无线传感器网络的方案。首先介绍了SimpliciTI协议的基本原理;然后给出了一种采用CC2500射频收发芯片和MSP430超低功耗微处理器芯片的无线传感器节点的电路设计方案,并介绍了基于SimpliciTI协议的无线传感器网络的组网及通信过程;最后介绍了基于距离的无线传感器网络定位算法,并针对常用的多边定位算法误差较大的问题,提出了一种改进的定位算法,即通过实际距离和估算距离的误差平方最小化来计算节点坐标的误差修正值,并采用二维双曲线算法修正未知节点的初始定位坐标,从而提高定位精度。 相似文献
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A main aspect in wireless sensor networks with numerous sensor nodes is location awareness. While major scientific activities are concentrated to ultra-wideband solutions, some systems specially designed for indoor application try to rely on ultrasonic (US) localization. This paper presents concept and test setup of a new “Indoor-GPS” system and discusses advantages and disadvantages. Because location information is a crucial parameter which may be manipulated for attacking the sensor network, an encryption scheme is presented and aspects of sensor node compromise are pointed out. Advantages of US localization for sensor authentication are displayed which are especially provided using permanently installed localization equipment with periodic activity. 相似文献
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Sue Ellen Haupt Randy L. Haupt George S. Young 《Soft Computing - A Fusion of Foundations, Methodologies and Applications》2011,15(1):51-59
There are many problems in security and defense that require a robust optimization technique, including those that involve
the release of a chemical or biological contaminant. Our problem, in particular, is computing the parameters to be used in
modeling atmospheric transport and dispersion given field sensor measurements of contaminant concentration. This paper discusses
using a genetic algorithm for addressing this problem. An example is given how a mixed integer genetic algorithm can be used
in conjunction with field sensor data to invert a forward model to obtain the meteorological data and source information necessary
for prediction of the subsequent concentration field. A new mixed integer genetic algorithm is described that is a state-of-the-art
tool capable of optimizing a wide range of objective functions. Such an algorithm is used here for optimizing atmospheric
stability, wind speed, wind direction, rainout, and source location. We demonstrate that the algorithm is successful at reconstructing
these meteorological and source parameters despite moderate correlations between their effects on the sensor data. 相似文献