汽车装配车间生产计划调度系统的设计与开发

论述了汽车装配车间在企业顺利生产中的重要性,建立了车间生产计划与调度的同时优化模型.基于免疫算法.以概率1收敛的特点,选用免疫算法并将之进行适当组合得到交替式免疫算法来对该模型进行求解,以达到计划和调度同时优化的目的.在进行理论研究的基础上,根据南京某汽车厂的实际需求设计出了生产计划与调度系统方案,并使用组件化技术,开发出了基于.NET平台和B/S模式的汽车装配车间生产计划与调度系统,最终满足实际生产要求,达到了高效信息管理的目标.     

汽车装配车间生产计划调度系统的设计与开发

论述了汽车装配车间在企业顺利生产中的重要性,建立了车间生产计划与调度的同时优化模型。基于免疫算法以概率1收敛的特点,选用免疫算法并将之进行适当组合得到交替式免疫算法来对该模型进行求解,以达到计划和调度同时优化的目的。在进行理论研究的基础上,根据南京某汽车厂的实际需求设计出了生产计划与调度系统方案,并使用组件化技术,开发出了基于．NET平台和B／S模式的汽车装配车间生产计划与调度系统,最终满足实际生产要求,达到了高效信息管理的目标。     

汽车装配车间生产计划与调度的同时优化方法

文中提出三种新方法来解决汽车装配车间生产计划与调度的同时优化问题.首先将汽 车装配线简化为一个Flow shop问题,并建立其混合整数规划模型,以求得使各装配工位的准 备成本和空闲时间尽可能少并尽可能满足产品需求的粗生产计划.然后在粗生产计划的基础上 考虑装配线的细节,用Tabu搜索法与快速调度仿真相结合的三种不同启发式算法使生产计划 与调度同时得到优化,并给出了三种算法的复杂性.大量算例的比较研究表明了这些算法的有 效性和适用性.     

基于遗传算法的某航空发动机装配车间优化调度

航空发动机装配车间装配生产线的调度问题,是一类比较典型的混合Flowshop问题,同时还带有工件可重人等特点,这就区别于一般的Flowshop和Jobshop调度问题,因此,将可重入混合车间调度问题划为第三类调度问题。关于重入式混合车间生产调度的优化问题通常来说都是属于NP难问题。文中通过某航空发动机装配车间生产线的研究,以最小化最大完工时间为目标函数,借助随机矩阵的编码方式和改进的交叉方法与变异方法,提出了基于遗传算法的调度优化方法。最后实验结果表明,文中提出的改进算法能够有效地实现装配车间调度的优化。     

基于Petri网仿真的航空发动机装配车间调度

针对含有并行机器组、可进行多品种小批量生产的可重入航空发动机装配车间,其调度问题的研究属于NP难问题。文中首先采用分层有色赋时Petri网进行系统的逻辑分析;然后给出了三种调度规则:①FCFS+;②SPT+CR+返工工件优先加工;③返工工件优先加工+ATC来实现生产调度;最后采用离散事件系统仿真方法,研究了上述3种调度算法对于最小化系统总的拖期时间的性能影响。实验结果表明,第二种调度最能有效的改善系统性能。     

运输能力有限的分段两阶段多车间调度问题

为有效解决船舶分段生产过程中存在的返工、运输能力限制以及堆场面积约束等问题,分析两阶段多车间调度的特点,构建了运输能力有限的分段两阶段多车间调度模型。模型综合考虑了分段批次内重调度、批次间的分割合并、分段返工以及缓冲面积和运输能力约束,目标是最小化分段的最大完工时间,建立分段在加工车间、装配车间以及堆场中的调度数学模型。利用基于路径选择的分段两阶段多车间调度启发式算法进行求解,并通过数值实验以及对比分析验证了模型的合理性和算法的有效性。     

冶铸轧一体化生产下动态调度策略和方法研究

为了解决冶铸轧一体化生产过程中的动态调度问题,以保证冶铸轧一体化生产稳定顺行。首先,通过分析炼钢生产过程中的扰动,提出了基于扰动处理的冶铸轧一体化生产下动态调度策略。之后,将动态调度策略归结为:计划延迟和LF炉处理策略;钢种改判、钢水回炉以及产品问题处理策略;设备替换处理策略。基于三类处理策略分别介绍了启发式规则和机器冲突消解模型、计划优化模型和智能优化算法以及设备替换算法等处理方法。最后对实际生产中常见的"追加计划"进行了仿真,仿真系统分别对炼钢-连铸计划以及热轧和加热炉计划进行了动态调度,结果表明系统能够依据扰动,动态调整生产计划,保证生产稳定顺行。     

一种炼钢–连铸生产计划一体化编制方法

炼钢和连铸生产调度是钢铁企业生产调度的重要内容而且二者密切相关.目前采用的调度方法多是分别编制炼钢炉次计划和连铸浇次计划,还没有协调处理二者的有效办法.提出了一种炼钢-连铸生产计划的一体化编制方法.首先通过求解炼钢炉次计划编制的多目标优化模型得到炉次计划的多个候选方案,在此基础上通过求解以最小化计划数为目标的连铸浇次计划数学模型得到浇次计划,最后根据浇次计划从炉次计划的候选方案中确定炉次计划.求解过程中使用了多目标模拟退火算法和改进变邻域搜索算法.基于实际生产数据的仿真试验表明了所提方法的有效性.     

基于反向差分算法的航空发动机装配车间优化调度

航空发动机装配车间的各个生产线的优化调度问题是一个典型的具有可重入特性的生产调度问题,从调度优化难易的角度来看,属于NP难题。针对这个问题,在分析航空发动机的工艺流程与特点以及航空发动机的数学模型之后,以最小化最大完工时间为调度优化问题的目标函数,提出了基于反向差分进化算法的优化调度方案。最后,仿真实验表明,该方案对于解决优化调度问题是行之有效的。     

就绪时间受限的负荷单机环境下返工工件重调度方法

研究了返工工件的单机重调度问题.在初始调度中初始工件带有不同的就绪时间,优化目标为最小化初始工件等待时间和;重调度时在满足每个初始工件最大等待时间约束情况下安排返工工件的生产,优化目标为最小化所有工件等待时间和.文中首先建立了RRSM （Rescheduling for reworks on single machine）问题模型,并证明其为NP难问题.然后,提出并证明了三个RRSM问题性质,进而根据诸性质设计了求解RRSM问题的动态插入启发式（Dynamic insert heuristic,DIH）算法.证明了应用DIH算法能在多项式时间内求得两种特殊RRSM问题的最优解. 最后,分析了DIH算法解的特点,给出了最优解的判定方法,并通过算例说明了DIH算法的有效性.     

基于非线性工艺规划思想的车间动态调度系统

描述了一种基于非线性工艺规划思想的车间动态调度系统的集成框架结构，其核心模块为计划调度模块，该模块调用由遗传算法和启发式调度相结合的调度算法生成动态调度方案。其中所提出的遗传编码的设计充分考虑工艺路径的柔性，并根据此编码提出调度方案的构造方法，同时相应地改进了遗传操作，从而实现了调度的全局最优性和可行性。     

汽车同步装配线生产计划与调度集成优化汽车同步装配线生产计划与调度集成优化

为克服传统的"自顶向下"方式下生产计划与调度不协调的缺陷,针对汽车同步装配线,构造了生产计划与调度集成优化混合整数规划模型,并采用拉格朗日松弛法将其分解为批量计划及调度等子问题.将调度子问题转化为与时间相关的旅行商问题,并采用dynasearch算法求解.对于拉格朗日对偶问题,采用均衡方向策略法求解.仿真实验结果验证了模型及算法的有效性.     

An integrated job shop scheduling and assembly sequence planning approach for discrete manufacturing

This paper proposes an integrated job shop scheduling and assembly sequence planning (IJSSASP) approach for discrete manufacturing, enabling the part processing sequence and assembly sequence to be optimized simultaneously. The optimization objectives are to minimize the total production completion time and the total inventory time of parts during production. The interaction effects between the job shop schedule and the assembly sequence plan in discrete manufacturing are analyzed, and the mathematical models including the objective functions and the constraints are established for IJSSASP. Based on the above, a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-Ⅱ) with a hybrid chromosome coding mechanism is applied to solve the IJSSASP problem. Through the case studies and comparison tests for different scale problems, the proposed IJSSASP approach is verified to be able to improve the production efficiency and save the manufacturing cost of the discrete manufacturing enterprise more effectively.     

航空型号生产项目集成进度控制方法

针对航空型号生产项目的特点,提出了一种综合项目工期、成本及质量等多目标的集成进度控制方法。该方法中,以集成进度控制模型为理论基础,采用M-BOM作为计划制定的基本数据源,结合WBS与分级网络计划技术产生多目标集成进度计划;运用EVM思想结合监控过程构建集成进度监控的具体方法。最后,使用自主开发的软件系统,分析了某型飞机生产项目的实例,验证了方法的有效性。     

Maintenance scheduling incorporating dynamics of production system and real-time information from workstations

In this paper, a new approach to maintenance scheduling for a multi-component production system which takes into account the real-time information from workstations including remaining reliability of equipments as well as work-in-process inventories in each workstation is proposed. To model dynamics of the system, other information like production line configuration, cycle times, buffers’ capacity and mean time to repair of machines are also considered. Using factorial experiment design the problem is formulated to comprehensively monitor the effects of each possible schedule on throughput of the production system. The optimal maintenance schedule is searched by genetic algorithm-based optimization engine implemented in a simulation optimization platform. The proposed approach exploits all of makespans of planning horizon to find the best opportunity to perform maintenance actions on degrading machines in a way that maximizes the system throughput and mitigates the production losses caused by imperfect traditional maintenance strategies. Finally the proposed method is tested in a real production line to magnify the accuracy of proposed scheduling method. The experimental results indicate that the proposed approach guarantees the operational productivity and scheduling efficiency as well.     

A project scheduling approach to production and material requirement planning in Manufacturing-to-Order environments

Long- and medium-term production planning are tools to match production orders with resource capacity and that can also be used as a baseline for material procurement. The lack of a detailed schedule for the manufacturing operations, however, may cause difficulties in providing a proper material requirements planning and may affect the feasibility of the production plan itself. This paper proposes an approach, based on production process knowledge, to extract scheduling information from an aggregate production plan in order to support material procurement. The proposed approach is applied to an industrial case involving machining center production.     

Optimization of mixed integer nonlinear economic lot scheduling problem with multiple setups and shelf life using metaheuristic algorithms

This paper addresses the economic lot scheduling problem where multiple items produced on a single facility in a cyclical pattern have shelf life restrictions. A mixed integer non-linear programming model is developed which allows each product to be produced more than once per cycle and backordered. However, production of each item more than one time may result in an infeasible schedule due to the overlapping production times of various items. To eliminate the production time conflicts and to achieve a feasible schedule, the production start time of some or all the items must be adjusted by either advancing or delaying. The objective is to find the optimal production rate, production frequency, cycle time, as well as a feasible manufacturing schedule for the family of items, in addition to minimizing the long-run average cost. Metaheuristic methods such as the genetic algorithm (GA), simulated annealing (SA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithms are adopted for the optimization procedures. Each of such methods is applied to a set of problem instances taken from literature and the performances are compared against other existing models in the literature. The computational performance and statistical optimization results shows the superiority of the proposed metaheuristic methods with respect to lower total costs compared with other reported procedures in the literature.     

卫星自主与协同任务调度规划综述

如何利用有限的星上资源执行复杂繁重的空间任务长期以来备受关注,随着卫星载荷能力不断提升,响应时间要求不断缩短,卫星自主与协同任务调度规划研究的重要性逐渐增大.本文从单星任务调度规划为起点,对单星地面离线任务调度规划、单星星上在线任务调度规划、单星星地一体化自主任务调度规划研究现状进行梳理与分析,然后延展至多星领域,综述了多星地面离线协同任务调度规划、多星星上在线协同任务调度规划、多星星地一体协同任务调度规划研究现状.最后,对卫星自主与协同任务调度规划研究进行了总结与展望.