基于API和Postscript的图形自动化验证方法

当今,软件测试工程师越来越倾向于自动化测试的研究工作.自动化测试主要由测试用例的设计、执行测试和验证三个模块组成.而验证模块实现上的困难使得自动化研究陷入了举步维艰的境地.特别是现有的自动测试工具都不能对图形对象进行有效的对比验证.因此文中提出一种自动验证的技术,用于解决屏幕图像、纸质输出图像的验证问题,并借助PowerPiont以实例加以论述.     

CMOS图像传感器参数自动化测试软件设计与实现

针对光学遥感系统图像传感器性能评估需求,搭建了一套图像传感器参数测试系统。测试系统中的参数自动化测试软件实现了图像传感器图像数据的实时采集、存储和显示;对图像传感器的主要性能参数进行实时计算分析,测试结果实时显示存储。该测试软件在DALSA公司Sapera LT 软件开发包的基础上,利用VC++进行二次开发,实现了参数测试的自动化。根据测试结果,验证了测试方法的正确性。软件设计过程中注意了模块化、规范化设计,所以软件的移植性较好,具有良好的应用前景。     

基于工作流的小卫星自动化测试系统设计方法研究

介绍了基于工作流的小卫星自动化测试系统的设计方案,通过分析卫星综合测试的基本流程和当前卫星研制过程中对自动化测试的迫切需求,提出构建卫星自动化测试系统的技术方案,具体介绍了自动化测试系统组成,详细说明了五大模块包括自动化测试模块、遥测数据管理模块、分系统管理模块、遥控指令管理模块、参数自动化监视模块、测试控制台模块的功能特点;还分析了适应小卫星批量化研制,卫星自动化测试技术下一步主要发展方向;旨在介绍一种当前国内先进的小卫星测试系统的构建模式以及自动化测试在卫星综合测试过程中所起到的举足轻重的作用.     

迭代开发模式中功能测试自动化的研究与实现

当前在迭代式开发模式中,由于模块或功能的频繁变化,使功能测试用例迅速老化,尤其是功能测试的自动化更是难以实现和维护,结果测试效率低下,延长开发周期并且不能有效保证软件质量.因此在深入分析迭代开发与功能测试特点的基础上,将超前测试的思想引入测试流程,实现了自动化的测试框架,并在该框架的管理下分阶段逐步地实现测试用例地自动化,使得开发、手动测试、自动化测试流水作业,并通过实际工作验证了框架的可用性和有效性.     

悬臂式灯具配光自动化测试设备研究与实现

为了实现摩托车前照灯光照度和信号灯发光强度的自动化测试,自主研发了一种悬臂式灯具配光性能测试设备.阐述了测试设备的工作原理和系统组成,设计开发了测试设备的机械结构、控制子系统、测试子系统、软件系统等主要模块,并以摩托车制动灯为例进行配光测试实例验证.研究表明,悬臂式配光测试设备可以实现摩托车前照灯和信号灯配光性能的高效自动化测试,具有较好的测量精度和稳定性;测试设备已投入生产使用,满足生产单位的测试需要.     

基于无人机遥感技术的智慧城市楼宇信息自动化测绘系统

为实现智慧城市楼宇信息远距离、全方位精准采集,该文设计了基于无人机遥感技术的智慧城市楼宇信息自动化测绘系统。此系统由机载端测绘数据采集模块的CMOS图像传感器,采集智慧城市楼宇遥感图像信息后,经遥感数据处理模块启动基于降频与复原的遥感成像技术,由Cameralink图像采集卡将遥感图像执行降频操作,再复原成遥感图像后,使用基于内核影像技术的测绘图像标定方法,通过遥感图像分割、标定的方式,提取遥感图像中目标楼宇信息,采用无线收发模块将复原遥感图像发送至地面端的计算机,由计算机展示测绘结果。经测试,所设计系统可使用无人机遥感技术完成智慧城市楼宇信息远距离、全方位精准采集,具备可用价值。     

基于图像分析的军队标号绘制自动化测试方法研究

军队标号作为军用态势图中基本的图形元素,在军用指挥控制系统中具有重要的意义。目前对军标符号的测试大都采用手工测试的方法,测试效率较低。本文针对这个问题,设计并实现了对军标符号的自动化测试。首先,本文实现了军标符号的自动标绘;然后采用图像分析中的形态学膨胀方法、角点检测技术以及图像二值化分析方法,着重对军标符号的线宽、柔化、颜色三个常用属性的测试进行研究和设计;最后根据测试结果自动生成测试报告。实验结果表明,本文为验证军标符号绘制的正确性提供了一种可行、有效的自动化测试方法,使图形图像分析在自动化测试领域有了新的应用。     

一种遥测系统自动化测试平台的设计

为了满足运载火箭遥测系统集成验证的测试需求,同时提升测试设备的通用性,降低测试设备的研制成本,采用面向信号的设计思想,设计了一种简洁高效的遥测系统自动化测试平台;该测试平台基于PXI总线开发,通过采取多路复用开关与输入输出模块相结合的设计思路,可实现多参数的巡检测试及同时测试,使测试平台具有较好的通用性和灵活性,在硬件设备不做更改的前提下可适用于多型运载火箭的测试需求,同时研制成本大幅降低;通过接收解析箭上遥测数据,测试过程无需人工干预,实现了自动化测试与自动化判读;通过试验验证,该测试平台工作稳定,能较好地满足多型运载火箭遥测系统集成验证测试需求,同时该平台的设计方法为同类测试系统的设计提供了一种思路。     

机械系统仿真RPA原型研究

针对目前在机械仿真软件中许多操作是重复且枯燥的这一问题,研究提出了一种基于图像文字识别,通过模拟外设交互动作,来执行既定的仿真流程的机器人流程化（RPA）的解决方案。主要对该解决方案中的软件架构、各模块流程以及软件界面这些核心内容进行了设计。为了验证该解决方案的有效性,以Solidworks为例,对该RPA系统进行了测试,测试结果表明,对于Solidworks这类机械仿真软件,可以自动化地执行用户既定的任务目标,自动化地完成三维模型的创建。因此,使用了该解决方案后,可以极大地减少业务人员的操作时间和操作失误,从而带来更好的用户体验。     

基于LUA脚本的无线模块自动化测试

分析传统无线模块测试方法的制约性,设计和构建了基于LUA脚本的无线模块自动化测试平台,并且能够有效地加快无线模块测试进度,提高测试脚本的可复用性。该平台通过对被测对象的研究,对测试方法、系统架构、系统软硬件通用性的分析,并引入了基于LUA测试脚本的程序开发环境,实现了无线模块的自动化测试。通过不同的测试用例结果分析表明：该测试方法相对于传统无线模块测试方法缩短了测试周期,降低了开发成本,减少测试开销,运行稳定可靠,达到预期的目的。     

SMArDT modeling for automotive software testing

Efficient testing is a crucial prerequisite to engineer reliable automotive software successfully. However, manually deriving test cases from ambiguous textual requirements is costly and error-prone. Model-based software engineering captures requirements in structured, comprehensible, and formal models, which enables early consistency checking and verification. Moreover, these models serve as an indispensable basis for automated test case derivation. To facilitate automated test case derivation for automotive software engineering, we conducted a survey with testing experts of the BMW Group and conceived a method to extend the BMW Group's specification method for requirements, design, and test methodology by model-based test case derivation. Our method is realized for a variant of systems modeling language activity diagrams tailored toward testing automotive software and a model transformation to derive executable test cases. Hereby, we can address many of the surveyed practitioners' challenges and ultimately facilitate quality assurance for automotive software.     

Issues in using model checkers for test case generation

The use of model checkers for automated software testing has received some attention in the literature: It is convenient because it allows fully automated generation of test suites for many different test objectives. On the other hand, model checkers were not originally meant to be used this way but for formal verification, so using model checkers for testing is sometimes perceived as a “hack”. Indeed, several drawbacks result from the use of model checkers for test case generation. If model checkers were designed or adapted to take into account the needs that result from the application to software testing, this could lead to significant improvements with regard to test suite quality and performance. In this paper we identify the drawbacks of current model checkers when used for testing. We illustrate techniques to overcome these problems, and show how they could be integrated into the model checking process. In essence, the described techniques can be seen as a general road map to turn model checkers into general purpose testing tools.     

Test Case Generation as an AI Planning Problem

While Artificial Intelligence techniques have been applied to a variety of software engineering applications, the area of automated software testing remains largely unexplored. Yet, test cases for certain types of systems (e.g., those with command language interfaces and transaction based systems) are similar to plans. We have exploited this similarity by constructing an automated test case generator with an AI planning system at its core. We compared the functionality and output of two systems, one based on Software Engineering techniques and the other on planning, for a real application: the StorageTek robot tape library command language. From this, we showed that AI planning is a viable technique for test case generation and that the two approaches are complementary in their capabilities.     

软件自动化测试实施过程与问题研究

当软件项目测试进展到一定阶段,测试对象达到一定规模,对测试提出更高效的要求时,引入自动化测试成为提升测试效率的必经之路,以大幅减少测试开销,同时提高单位时间内的测试产出。以网络设备嵌入式软件自动化测试实施案例为主要研究对象,从自动化测试目标定位、测试效率、测试质量等角度分析自动化测试存在的问题,从项目管理、认识转变、技术提升与人员培训等方面提出解决方法,并总结适用于网络设备相关软件产品的自动化测试实践过程。     

一种面向高性能数值模拟软件的自动化测试平台

高性能数值模拟软件的快速研制是确保高性能数值模拟应用与高性能计算机协调发展的关键,是当前高性能计算应用领域亟待解决的瓶颈问题。软件测试是软件研制过程中不可或缺的重要环节,是影响软件研制效率的重要因素。研制适应于高性能数值模拟软件的自动化测试工具和环境对于软件的快速研发具有重要意义。当前广泛使用的商业、开源自动化测试平台无法很好地满足高性能数值模拟软件测试的需求,因此,设计实现了一种面向高性能数值模拟软件的自动化测试平台。该平台可以适应各类数值模拟软件的系统测试、验收测试需求,具有良好的跨平台性,简单易用,用户可同时通过多种方式方便快捷地访问测试结果,从而快速定位测试中发现的程序错误,为高性能数值模拟软件测试提供技术支撑。目前该平台已为实际的数值模拟软件研发提供测试验证服务,对中国工程物理研究院高性能数值模拟软件中心的19个软件,1 108个验收测试算例进行自动化测试,提供长时间的稳定测试服务,展现了该平台的普适性和稳定性。     

基于QTP的企业级应用软件自动化测试方法

针对目前软件版本频繁升级,测试周期不断压缩,测试工作量大的问题,结合一款企业级应用软件,基于QTP技术平台,搭建了自动化测试框架.首先,通过了解QTP的工作原理,结合企业级应用软件特点,设计了一款合适的自动化测试框架;然后,通过设计测试用例,编写脚本,执行脚本等过程实现了自动化测试.实践表明当自动化测试执行次数越多,自动化测试耗时基本是手工测试耗时的15%,即自动化测试更适合用于回归测试中.通过自动化测试框架的使用,解决了在短时间内完成大量测试用例覆盖的问题,保证了发布软件的质量,提升了测试效率.     

An adaptive and trustworthy software testing framework on the grid

Grid computing, which is characterized by large-scale sharing and collaboration of dynamic distributed resources has quickly become a mainstream technology in distributed computing and is changing the traditional way of software development. In this article, we present a grid-based software testing framework for unit and integration test, which takes advantage of the large-scale and cost-efficient computational grid resources to establish a testbed for supporting automated software test in complex software applications. Within this software testing framework, a dynamic bag-of-tasks model using swarm intelligence is developed to adaptively schedule unit test cases. Various high-confidence computing mechanisms, such as redundancy, intermediate value checks, verification code injection, and consistency checks are employed to verify the correctness of each test case execution on the grid. Grid workflow is used to coordinate various test units for integration test. Overall, we expect that the grid-based software testing framework can provide efficient and trustworthy services to significantly accelerate the testing process with large-scale software testing.

一种针对交互式软件的测试用例生成模型研究与实现

测试用例的自动生成是软件测试的一个重要方面，测试用例生成的复杂度与质量直接影响测试的效率和覆盖面，已有的针对软件功能测试的自动测试理论和方法在针对CAD和图像处理这类人机交互复杂、系统状态繁多的系统时，因复杂度大或者测试效率较低而难以在实际中应用．本文提出的一种针对复杂人机交互软件的测试模型一基于功能对象的测试用例生成模型，将用户使用被测试系统的操作流程看成是若干个处理过程的组合，采用面向对象的思想将用户的操作流程进行分解和封装，构建出用以生成测试流程的功能对象，并依照一定约束条件对功能对象的实例进行重组，派生出测试用例．本文提出的测试用例生成模型，已在三维数字化设计系统的专用测试平台CADTesting中成功实现，实践证明，该模型与现有的一些模型相比，实现复杂度低且测试用例的质量较高．     

A semantic approach for automated test oracle generation

This paper presents the design, implementation, and applications of a software testing tool, TAO, which allows users to specify and generate test cases and oracles in a declarative way. Extended from its previous grammar-based test generation tool, TAO provides a declarative notation for defining denotational semantics on each productive grammar rule, such that when a test case is generated, its expected semantics will be evaluated automatically as well, serving as its test oracle. TAO further provides a simple tagging mechanism to embed oracles into test cases for bridging the automation between test case generation and software testing. Two practical case studies are used to illustrate how automated oracle generation can be effectively integrated with grammar-based test generation in different testing scenarios: locating fault-inducing input patterns on Java applications; and Selenium-based automated web testing.     

A practical model‐based statistical approach for generating functional test cases: application in the automotive industry

With the growing complexity of industrial software applications, industrials are looking for efficient and practical methods to validate the software. This paper develops a model‐based statistical testing approach that automatically generates online and offline test cases for embedded software. It discusses an integrated framework that combines solutions for three major software testing research questions: (i) how to select test inputs; (ii) how to predict the expected results of a test; and (iii) when to stop testing software. The automatic selection of test inputs is based on a stochastic test model that accounts for the main particularity of embedded software: time sensitivity. Software test practitioners may design one or more test models when they generate random, user‐oriented, or fault‐oriented test inputs. A formal framework integrating existing and appropriate specification techniques was developed for the design of automated test oracles (executable software specifications) and the formal measurement of functional coverage. The decision to stop testing software is based on both test coverage objectives and cost constraints. This approach was tested on two representative case studies from the automotive industry. The experiment was performed at unit testing level in a simulated environment on a host personal computer (automatic test execution). The two software functionalities tested had previously been unit tested and validated using the test design approach conventionally used in the industry. Applying the proposed model‐based statistical testing approach to these two case studies, we obtained significant improvements in performing functional unit testing in a real and complex industrial context: more bugs were detected earlier and in a shorter time. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.