Color image segmentation using automatic pixel classification with support vector machine

Automatic segmentation of images is a very challenging fundamental task in computer vision and one of the most crucial steps toward image understanding. In this paper, we present a color image segmentation using automatic pixel classification with support vector machine (SVM). First, the pixel-level color feature is extracted in consideration of human visual sensitivity for color pattern variations, and the image pixel's texture feature is represented via steerable filter. Both the pixel-level color feature and texture feature are used as input of SVM model (classifier). Then, the SVM model (classifier) is trained by using fuzzy c-means clustering (FCM) with the extracted pixel-level features. Finally, the color image is segmented with the trained SVM model (classifier). This image segmentation not only can fully take advantage of the local information of color image, but also the ability of SVM classifier. Experimental evidence shows that the proposed method has a very effective segmentation results and computational behavior, and decreases the time and increases the quality of color image segmentation in compare with the state-of-the-art segmentation methods recently proposed in the literature.     

Color texture segmentation based on image pixel classification

Image segmentation partitions an image into nonoverlapping regions, which ideally should be meaningful for a certain purpose. Thus, image segmentation plays an important role in many multimedia applications. In recent years, many image segmentation algorithms have been developed, but they are often very complex and some undesired results occur frequently. By combination of Fuzzy Support Vector Machine (FSVM) and Fuzzy C-Means (FCM), a color texture segmentation based on image pixel classification is proposed in this paper. Specifically, we first extract the pixel-level color feature and texture feature of the image via the local spatial similarity measure model and localized Fourier transform, which is used as input of FSVM model (classifier). We then train the FSVM model (classifier) by using FCM with the extracted pixel-level features. Color image segmentation can be then performed through the trained FSVM model (classifier). Compared with three other segmentation algorithms, the results show that the proposed algorithm is more effective in color image segmentation.     

基于训练样本自动选取的SVM彩色图像分割方法

图像分割是模式识别、图像理解、计算机视觉等领域的重要研究内容。基于支持向量机((Support Vcctor Ma- chine, SVM)的方法现已广泛应用于图像分割,但其在训练样本的选取上大多是人工选择,这降低了图像分割的自适 应性,且影响了SVM的分类性能。提出一种基于训练样本自动选取的SVM彩色图像分割方法,算法首先使用模糊 C均值(Fuzzy C-Mcans, FCM)聚类算法自动获取训练样本,然后分别提取图像颜色特征和纹理特征,将其作为SVM 模型训练样本的特征属性进行训练,最后用训练好的分类器对图像进行分割。实验结果表明,提出的方法可取得很好 的分割结果。     

一种像素与对象相结合的林区建筑物识别方法

针对林区建筑物遥感监测技术需求,为构建GF-2数据在林区建筑物识别中的应用方法,选取蜀南竹海风景名胜区为研究区,根据所选区域建筑物的GF-2影像特征,研究形成了像素级和对象级相结合的林区建筑物识别方法。首先利用基于递归特征消除法的随机森林算法对预处理后的GF-2影像进行特征筛选;然后通过对比支持向量机和随机森林分类器识别的建筑物结果,选用支持向量机分类器所得研究区建筑物作为像素级识别结果;融合像素级建筑物识别结果和多尺度分割得到的影像对象,识别出该研究区建筑物目标。结果表明：利用支持向量机分类器进行像素级建筑物识别,其结果的正确率、完整率和质量均高于随机森林分类器;提出的像素级和对象级相结合的建筑物识别方法既保留了简单易行的优势,也避免了椒盐现象,在正确率、完整率和质量上均比像素级方法和对象级方法有所提高,在质量上分别比像素级方法和对象级方法提高了0.20和0.13,该方法可为主管单位有效监管林区内违规建筑物提供技术支撑。     

基于多特征融合和条件随机场的道路分割

针对复杂交通场景图像中路面分割难度大和分割边缘粗糙的问题,提出了一种基于多特征融合和条件随机场的道路分割方法.首先,提取图像的纹理基元特征与颜色特征;然后,将道路分割问题视为一个基于像素的二分类问题,融合所提取的两种特征,使用SVM分类器实现对交通场景图像中路面区域与背景区域的粗糙划分;最后,利用全连接条件随机场中的颜色与位置约束,对分割结果进行优化,获得更加平滑的分割边缘,并与其他分割算法进行对比.实验结果表明,基于多特征融合与条件随机场的道路分割算法获得了95.37%的平均分割准确率和94.55%的平均像素精度.     

Automatic clinical image segmentation using pathological modeling,PCA and SVM

Due to the presence of complicated topological and residual features, the segmentation of medical imagery is a difficult problem. In this paper, an automated approach to clinical image segmentation is presented. The processing of these images in our approach is divided into learning and segmentation stages to facilitate the application of principal component analysis with a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. During the initial learning stage, representative images are chosen to represent typical input images. These images are segmented using a variational level set method driven by a modeled energy functional designed to delineate the pathological characteristics of the images. Then a window-based feature extraction is applied to these segmented images. Principal component analysis is applied to these extracted features and the results are used to train an SVM classifier. After training the SVM, any time a clinical image needs to be segmented, it is simply classified with the trained SVM. By the proposed method, we take the strengths of both machine learning and the variational level set method while limiting their weaknesses to achieve automatic and fast clinical segmentation. To test the proposed system, both chest (thoracic) computed tomography (CT) scans (2D and 3D) and dental X-rays are used. Promising results are demonstrated and analyzed. The proposed method can be used during pre-processing for automatic computer-aided diagnosis.     

结合支持向量机与C均值聚类的图像分割

针对支持向量机进行图像分割时需要用户设定训练样本问题，提出一种根据图像特征使用C均值聚类算法自动获取支持向量机训练样本的方法。首先将图像分成几个区域，对每个区域利用小波分解去掉含有图像边缘的区域，然后对剩余的平滑区域计算能量均值作为特征值，使用C均值聚类算法对平滑区域分类，将特征值与类别标记作为支持向量机的训练样本，最后用训练后的分类器对图像进行分割。实验结果表明提出的方法取得了很好的分割结果，同时用一幅有代表性的图像进行支持向量机训练，所产生的分类器可以应用于所有该类图像，因此可以很容易应用到体数据的分割中。     

基于视觉注意的SVM彩色图像分割方法

提出一种基于视觉注意的自然场景彩色图像支持向量机（Support Vector Machine,SVM）分割方法。基于人类视觉注意机制将图像进行预分割,得到图像的显著区域和非显著区域,利用形态学操作对得到的图像进行处理,并自动选取和标注SVM的训练样本,用训练后的SVM分类器对整幅图像进行分割。该方法充分利用视觉注意机制方法的有效信息,解决了其边界不确定的缺陷,并且结合具有很好泛化性能的SVM学习方法,在无需先验知识以及任何人工干预的情况下,实现对自然场景图像的分割。为验证算法的有效性,分别从加州大学伯克利分校图像数据库及互联网选取多幅彩色图像进行实验,实验结果表明：该方法的分割结果不仅与人类视觉注意结果相一致,而且与伯克利图像数据库中人工标注结果相比,得到较好分割效果。     

图像处理技术在柠檬病害诊断中的应用

文章深入探讨了图像增强,基于病斑颜色与外轮廓相结合的病斑分割,有效特征提取,以及分类器构建等相关技术。并以五种容易混淆的病害为例,提取其病斑的色调、纹理、形态三种特征向量,分别采用支持向量机和BP神经网络进行训练、测试。实验结果表明该方法能很好的识别柠檬病害类别,为科学防治和病害危害程度评价提供科学依据。     

Segmentation of psoriasis vulgaris images using multiresolution-based orthogonal subspace techniques.

In this paper, a method is proposed for the segmentation of color images using a multiresolution-based signature subspace classifier (MSSC) with application to psoriasis images. The essential techniques consist of feature extraction and image segmentation (classification) methods. In this approach, the fuzzy texture spectrum and the two-dimensional fuzzy color histogram in the hue-saturation space are first adopted as the feature vector to locate homogeneous regions in the image. Then these regions are used to compute the signature matrices for the orthogonal subspace classifier to obtain a more accurate segmentation. To reduce the computational requirement, the MSSC has been developed. In the experiments, the method is quantitatively evaluated by using a similarity function and compared with the well-known LS-SVM method. The results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively segment psoriasis images. The proposed approach can also be applied to general color texture segmentation applications.     

Automatic change detection in high-resolution remote-sensing images by means of level set evolution and support vector machine classification

In this article, we propose a method for change detection in high-resolution remote-sensing images by means of level set evolution and support vector machine (SVM) classification, which combined both the pixel-level method and the object-level method. Both pixel-based change features and object-based ones are extracted to improve the discriminability between the changed class and the unchanged class. At the pixel level, the change detection problem is formulated as a segmentation issue using level set evolution in the difference images. At the object level, potential training samples are selected from the segmentation results without manual intervention into the SVM classifier. Thereafter, the final changes are obtained by combining the pixel-based changes and the object-based changes. A chief advantage of our approach is being able to select appropriate samples for SVM classifier training. Furthermore, our proposed method helps improve the accuracy and the degree of automation. We systematically evaluate it with various Satellite Pour l’Observation de la Terre (SPOT) 5 images and aerial images. Experimental results demonstrate the accuracy of our proposed method.     

基于支持向量机的连续超声图像集分割算法

针对传统的支持向量机（SVM）模型对连续超声图像集进行分割时需要为图像集中每张图片提取样本点来建立分割模型的问题,提出了一个对整个连续超声图像集的统一的SVM分割模型。首先,从图像的灰度直方图中提取灰度特征作为表征图像集中图像连续性的特征;其次,从图像集中选取部分图像作为样本,并从中提取像素点的灰度特征;最后,将各像素点的灰度特征与各像素点所在图像中表征图像集连续性的特征相结合,用SVM的方法训练出分割模型对整个图像集进行分割。实验结果表明,与传统SVM分割方法相比,新模型在面对大量的有连续变化的图像集的分割问题上,大幅地减少了人工选取样本点的工作量,并且在分割的准确率上也有保证。     

融合全局和局部描述的图像检索方法

针对基于内容的图像检索中全局描述缺乏空间位置信息及局部描述面临图像分割的问题,提出了一种基于全局颜色特征和局部Gabor小波纹理特征的图像检索方法.在整幅图上提取MPEG-7主颜色描述算子作为全局描述.将图像划分为5个有重叠的子区域,提取Gabor纹理特征与颜色矩构成局部描述,提出了改进的豪斯多夫距离并将其应用在局部描述的整体匹配中,克服了因图像的平移、旋转而造成检索率低的问题.融合全局相似度和局部相似度获得最终相似度.基于Corel数据库的实验结果表明了该方法的有效性.     

基于K均值聚类和粒子群优化的多核SVM图像分割

图像分割是图像理解和计算机视觉的重要内容.针对单核SVM在进行图像分割过程中不能兼顾分割精度高和泛化性能好的问题,提出一种基于K均值聚类和优化多核SVM的图像分割算法.该算法首先运用K均值聚类算法自动选取训练样本,然后提取其颜色特征和纹理特征作为训练样本的特征属性,并使用其对构造的多核SVM分割模型进行训练,最后用粒子群优化算法对多核核参数、惩罚因子以及核权重系数联合寻优,使生成的多核SVM具有更好的分割性能.实验结果表明,本文方法在有效提取图像目标细节的同时,获得了更高的分割精度,与基于单核的SVM分割模型相比,具有更强的泛化能力.     

Research on gesture recognition of smart data fusion features in the IoT

With the rapid development of Internet of things technology, the interaction between people and things has become increasingly frequent. Using simple gestures instead of complex operations to interact with the machine, the fusion of smart data feature information and so on has gradually become a research hotspot. Considering that the depth image of the Kinect sensor lacks color information and is susceptible to depth thresholds, this paper proposes a gesture segmentation method based on the fusion of color information and depth information; in order to ensure the complete information of the segmentation image, a gesture feature extraction method based on Hu invariant moment and HOG feature fusion is proposed; and by determining the optimal weight parameters, the global and local features are effectively fused. Finally, the SVM classifier is used to classify and identify gestures. The experimental results show that the proposed fusion features method has a higher gesture recognition rate and better robustness than the traditional method.

     

像素级的皮肤分割与面色分级

皮肤是人体最大的器官,面色相对于人体其他生物属性具有更便捷、更稳定的特性。因此,设计一个完整有效的面色分级系统是非常有意义的。本文中,面色分级系统被分为皮肤分割和面色分级2部分。针对皮肤分割任务,在生成对抗网络框架下搭建了一个多尺度特征融合网络,相对于传统的语义分割网络,本文的分割模型充分地利用了每一层特征图的信息。在面色分级实验中,首先在归一化rgb、HSV和Lab颜色空间下使用1 000幅图像分别训练了支持向量机(SVM)和BP神经网络分类器,128幅皮肤图像被用作测试集,正确率在73%～76%;之后将颜色特征与皮肤区域纹理特征融合进行学习,使用SVM分类的正确率为85%,使用BP神经网络分类的正确率达到了91%。     

基于Ncut分割和SVM分类器的医学图像分类算法

为解决医疗诊断中由于疲劳和主观因素影响导致的诊断错误,本文提出了基于Ncut分割方法的医学CT图像的分割、特征提取和诊断的新方案.将Ncut分割方法应用于脑CT图像.先进行图像分割,提取感兴趣区域,再从边缘、灰度,纹理三方面提取特征,最后利用支持向量机(SVM)对图像进行分类,为医生的诊断提供参考.从表格化的分类结果看,所提方案有较大的应用价值.     

自然场景图像与合成图像的快速分类

目的 随着现代通信和传感技术的快速发展,互联网上多媒体数据日益增长,既为人们生活提供了便利,又给信息有效利用提出了挑战。为充分挖掘网络图像中蕴含的丰富信息,同时考虑到网络中图像类型的多样性,以及不同类型的图像需要不同的处理方法,本文针对当今互联网中两种主要的图像类型：自然场景图像与合成图像,设计层次化的快速分类算法。方法 该算法包括两层,第1层利用两类图像在颜色,饱和度以及边缘对比度上表现出来的差异性提取全局特征,并结合支持向量机（SVM）进行初步分类,第1层分类结果中低置信度的图像会被送到第2层中。在第2层中,系统基于词袋模型（bag-of-words）对图像不同类型的局部区域的纹理信息进行编码得到局部特征并结合第2个SVM分类器完成最终分类。针对层次化分类框架,文中还提出两种策略对两个分类器进行融合,分别为分类器结果融合与全局+局部特征融合。为测试算法的实用性,同时收集并发布了一个包含超过30 000幅图像的数据库。结果 本文设计的全局与局部特征对两类图像具有较强的判别性。在单核Intel Xeon（R）（2.50 GHz）CPU上,分类精度可达到98.26%,分类速度超过40帧/s。另外通过与基于卷积神经网络的方法进行对比实验可发现,本文提出的算法在性能上与浅层网络相当,但消耗更少的计算资源。结论 本文基于自然场景图像与合成图像在颜色、饱和度、边缘对比度以及局部纹理上的差异,设计并提取快速有效的全局与局部特征,并结合层次化的分类框架,完成对两类图像的快速分类任务,该算法兼顾分类精度与分类速度,可应用于对实时性要求较高的图像检索与数据信息挖掘等实际项目中。     

基于层级匹配的维吾尔文关键词文档图像检索

为实现基于关键词的维吾尔文文档图像检索,提出一种基于由粗到细层级匹配的关键词文档图像检索方法。使用改进的投影切分法将经过预处理的文档图像切分成单词图像库,使用模板匹配对关键词进行粗匹配;在粗匹配的基础上,提取单词图像的方向梯度直方图(HOG)特征向量;通过支持向量机(SVM)分类器学习特征向量,实现关键词图像检索。在包含108张文档图像的数据库中进行实验,实验结果表明,检索准确率平均值为91.14%,召回率平均值为79.31%,该方法能有效实现基于关键词的维吾尔文文档图像检索。