Adaptive Integrated Guidance and Control Based on Backstepping and Input‐to‐State Stability

This paper presents an approach of integrated guidance and control (IGC) design for interception of maneuvering targets (evaders). An IGC model with uncertainties in the pitch plane is formulated, and, by adopting a backstepping scheme, an adaptive nonlinear IGC approach is developed. Theoretical analysis shows that the design approach makes the line‐of‐sight (LOS) rate be input‐to‐state stable (ISS) with respect to target maneuvers and missile model uncertainties, and the stability of the missile dynamics can be guaranteed as well. The numerical simulation confirms the effectiveness of the proposed design approach.     

Intelligent Control for Integrated Guidance and Control Based on the Intelligent Characteristic Model

In this paper, an adaptive integrated guidance and control (IGC) scheme for the homing missile is proposed based on the novel continuous characteristic model and the dynamic surface control technique. The novel continuous characteristic model is first proposed in the presence of unknown model coefficients and uncertainties. Then, the dynamic surface control technique is applied to the continuous characteristic model. The proposed IGC scheme guarantees the line-of-sight angular rates converge to an arbitrarily small neighbourhood of zero and all the closed-loop signals to be semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded, which is proven using the Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, the effectiveness of the adaptive IGC scheme is demonstrated using nonlinear numerical simulations for the maneuvering target.     

Adaptive robust fault-tolerant control for linear MIMO systems with unmatched uncertainties

In this paper, two novel fault-tolerant control design approaches are proposed for linear MIMO systems with actuator additive faults, multiplicative faults and unmatched uncertainties. For time-varying multiplicative and additive faults, new adaptive laws and additive compensation functions are proposed. A set of conditions is developed such that the unmatched uncertainties are compensated by actuators in control. On the other hand, for unmatched uncertainties with their projection in unmatched space being not zero, based on a (vector) relative degree condition, additive functions are designed to compensate for the uncertainties from output channels in the presence of actuator faults. The developed fault-tolerant control schemes are applied to two aircraft systems to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approaches.     

固定翼无人机自动着陆的一体化制导控制

本文基于制导控制一体化方法的思想,将滑模变结构控制和自抗扰控制技术结合于动态面控制结构中,提出一种固定翼无人机自动着陆方法.在建立六自由度无人机模型、无人机和目标点间的相对视线角度模型的基础上,在动态面控制框架下加入滑模变结构控制来设计制导控制一体化方法.在此过程中加入自抗扰控制技术,提高了系统对未建模部分、参数的不确定性和外界干扰的鲁棒性,并抑制了滑模变结构控制的抖振.该方法使得无人机在平稳地飞向目标点的同时能够满足着陆视线角度的约束.文中详细论述设计思想和设计方法,最后通过仿真验证说明本文方法的有效性.     

Robust adaptive control of nonlinearly parametrized multivariable systems with unmatched disturbances

A new robust adaptive control scheme is developed for nonlinearly parametrized multivariable systems in the presence of parameter uncertainties and unmatched disturbances. The developed control scheme employs a new integrated framework of a functional bounding technique for handling nonlinearly parametrized system dynamics, an adaptive parameter estimation algorithm for dealing with parameter uncertainties, a nonlinear feedback controller structure for stabilization of interconnected system states, and a robust adaptive control design for accommodating unmatched disturbances. It is proved that such a new robust adaptive control scheme is capable of ensuring the global boundedness and mean convergence of all closed‐loop system signals. A complete simulation study on an air vehicle system with nonlinear parametrization in the presence of an unmatched wind disturbance is conducted, and its results verify the effectiveness of the proposed robust adaptive control scheme.     

含攻击角度约束的三维制导控制一体化鲁棒设计方法

针对具有攻击角度约束的STT飞行器对象,提出了一种三维制导控制一体化鲁棒设计方法.首先,基于某些可行性简化原则,推导出面向三维制导控制一体化设计的非线性数学模型.然后,针对一类多变量非线性系统,通过引入控制补偿项,提出了一种鲁棒动态逆设计方法.结合鲁棒动态逆和动态面控制方法,完成了制导控制一体化鲁棒算法的设计.仿真结果表明,所提出的三维制导控制一体化算法可保证飞行器的稳定飞行和精确制导,并且满足攻击角度的约束要求.此外,该方案具备针对参数不确定性和等效干扰的强鲁棒性能.     

Integrated direct/indirect adaptive robust motion trajectory tracking control of pneumatic cylinders

This paper studies the precision motion trajectory tracking control of a pneumatic cylinder driven by a proportional-directional control valve. An integrated direct/indirect adaptive robust controller is proposed. The controller employs a physical model based indirect-type parameter estimation to obtain reliable estimates of unknown model parameters, and utilises a robust control method with dynamic compensation type fast adaptation to attenuate the effects of parameter estimation errors, unmodelled dynamics and disturbances. Due to the use of projection mapping, the robust control law and the parameter adaption algorithm can be designed separately. Since the system model uncertainties are unmatched, the recursive backstepping technology is adopted to design the robust control law. Extensive comparative experimental results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller and its performance robustness to parameter variations and sudden disturbances.     

飞行制导控制一体化设计方法综述

从系统模型和控制设计方法两个方面综述了飞行器制导控制一体化设计方法的研究现状. 论述了制导控制一体化设计中的关键问题, 即系统具有较高的阶数和系统存在大量不确定性. 提出了基于自抗扰控制的三维制导控制一体化设计方法. 该控制方法具有简明的线性结构, 并且可以对飞行控制系统中的非线性时变不确定性进行实时估计和补偿. 仿真结果表明该方法可以对付大范围的不确定性, 具有很好的鲁棒性.     

Neural Network Dynamic Surface Backstepping Control for the Speed and Tension System of Reversible Cold Strip Rolling Mill

To weaken the influences of uncertainties and system coupling items on the coordinated tracking control performance of the speed and tension system of a reversible cold strip rolling mill, a control strategy is proposed based on nonlinear disturbance observers (NDOs), dynamic surface backstepping control, and neural network adaptive approximation. First, the transformation form of the system model is given, and then NDOs are developed to counteract the unmatched uncertainties. Next, controllers for the speed and tension system are presented by combining backstepping with dynamic surface control. Again, the neural network adaptive method is used to approximate the matched uncertainties of the system, and the approximation values are introduced into the designed controllers for compensation. Finally, simulation research is carried out on the speed and tension system of a 1422 mm reversible cold strip rolling mill by using the actual data, and the results show the validity of the proposed control strategy in comparison with the decentralized overlapping control strategy.     

Robust adaptive dynamic surface control of uncertain nonlinear systems

This paper studies the robust adaptive dynamic surface control of a class of nonlinear systems with unmatched uncertainties. The unmatched uncertainties consist of not only the linearly parameterized terms but also the nonlinearly parameterized terms. The bound of each nonlinearly parameterized uncertainty term is supposed to be expressed by a known nonnegative function multiplied by a constant called bound parameter. According to whether the bound parameters are known or not, two different kinds of robust adaptive dynamic surface control algorithms are proposed. It is proved that in each case all the states of the closed-loop system are kept uniformly ultimately bounded, and the output is driven to track a feasible desired output trajectory with an arbitrarily small error. An example is also employed to indicate the effect of the proposed methods.     

Adaptive dynamic surface control of nonlinear systems with unknown dead zone in pure feedback form

In this paper, adaptive dynamic surface control (DSC) is developed for a class of pure-feedback nonlinear systems with unknown dead zone and perturbed uncertainties using neural networks. The explosion of complexity in traditional backstepping design is avoided by utilizing dynamic surface control and introducing integral-type Lyapunov function. It is proved that the proposed design method is able to guarantee semi-global uniform ultimate boundedness of all signals in the closed-loop system, with arbitrary small tracking error by appropriately choosing design constants. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

基于LS-SVM的BTT导弹动态逆反演控制

基于LS -SVM理论、动态逆控制和反演控制方法,针对具有非匹配不确定性的BTT导弹非线性数学模型,设计了一种基于LS- SVM的BTT导弹动态逆反演控制律;对传统反演控制律设计的不足之处,采用LS- SVM法逼近BTT导弹控制系统中带有未知成分非线性函数,从而实现了无需精确数学模型的全新控制律,避免了因建模误差对控制带来的不良影响,在此基础上,利用李亚普诺夫方法证明了系统的稳定性和收敛性;仿真结果表明,文章所设计的控制律,对导弹控制系统中存在的不确定因素具有较强的鲁棒性和自适应性.     

Fuzzy adaptive robust backstepping stabilization for SISO nonlinear systems with unknown virtual control direction

In this paper, a direct fuzzy adaptive robust control approach is proposed for a class of SISO nonlinear systems with completely unknown virtual control directions, unknown nonlinearities, unmodeled dynamics and dynamic disturbances. In the backstepping recursive design, fuzzy logic systems are employed to approximate the combined nonlinear uncertainties, a dynamic signal and Nussbaum gain technique are introduced into the control scheme to dominate the dynamic uncertainties and solve the unknown signs of virtual control directions, respectively. It is proved that the proposed robust fuzzy adaptive scheme can guarantee the all signals in the closed-loop system are semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is illustrated via three examples.     

Adaptive Nonsingular Terminal Sliding Mode Control Design for Near Space Hypersonic Vehicles

This paper presents an adaptive nonsingular terminal sliding mode approach for the attitude control of near space hypersonic vehicles (NSHV) in the presence of parameter uncertainties and external disturbances. Firstly, a novel nonsingular terminal sliding surface is developed and its finitetime convergence is analyzed. Then, an adaptive nonsingular terminal sliding mode control law is proposed, which is chattering free. In the proposed approach, all parameter uncertainties and external disturbances are lumped into one term, which is estimated by an adaptive uncertainty estimation for eliminating the boundary requirement needed in the conventional control design. Subsequently, stability of the closed-loop system is proven based on Lyapunov theory. Finally, the proposed approach is applied to the attitude control design for NSHV. Simulation results show that the proposed approach attains a satisfactory performance in the presence of parameter uncertainties and external disturbances.      

反舰导弹的自适应全局滑模变结构控制

为了消除变结构控制的到达阶段,保证系统在整个控制过程中的鲁棒性,提出了一种自适应全局滑模变结构控制方法。该方法利用自适应控制来调节变结构控制器的参数,对系统不确定项的上界进行估计,保证了整个闭环控制系统的渐近稳定性。考虑到反舰导弹的法向过载输出存在非最小相位特性,采用了输出重定义技术来解决。在此基础上,应用自适应全局滑模变结构控制方法设计导弹的飞行控制系统,保证了导弹的新输出量渐近地跟踪其期望值。仿真结果证明了所提出的控制方法的有效性。     

An uncertainty compensator for robust control of wheeled mobile robots

This paper proposes an uncertainty compensator to design a novel robust control for mobile robots with dynamic and kinematic uncertainties. A novel gradient-based adaptive fuzzy estimator is developed to compensate uncertainties with minimum required feedback signals. As a novelty, the proposed approach uses the tracking error and its first time derivative to form the estimation error of uncertainty, and guarantees that both the estimation error and tracking error converge asymmetrically to ignorable value. Advantages of the proposed robust control are simplicity in design, robustness against uncertainties, guaranteed stability, and good control performance. The control approach is verified by stability analysis. Simulation results and experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control. Experimental evaluation of the proposed controller is expressed for two different low-cost nonholonomic wheeled mobile robots. The proposed control design is compared with an adaptive control approach to confirm the superiority of the proposed approach in terms of precision, simplicity of design, and computations.     

Fuzzy adaptive backstepping robust control for SISO nonlinear system with dynamic uncertainties

In this paper, a fuzzy adaptive backstepping design procedure is proposed for a class of nonlinear systems with three types of uncertainties: (i) nonlinear uncertainties; (ii) unmodeled dynamics and (iii) dynamic disturbances. The fuzzy logic systems are used to approximate the nonlinear uncertainties, nonlinear damping terms are used to counteract the dynamic disturbances and fuzzy approximation errors, and a dynamic signal is introduced to dominate the unmodeled dynamics. The derived fuzzy adaptive control approach guarantees the global boundedness property for all the signals and states, and at the same time, steers the output to a small neighborhood of the origin. Simulation studies are included to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Adaptive fuzzy dynamic surface control for uncertain nonlinear systems in pure-feedback form with input and state constraints using noisy measurements

This paper is concerned with the design of an adaptive fuzzy dynamic surface control for uncertain nonlinear pure-feedback systems with input and state constraints using a set of noisy measurements. The design approach is described as follows. The nonlinear uncertainties are approximated by using the fuzzy logic systems at the first stage, secondly the adaptive fuzzy dynamic surface control is introduced to remove the problem of the explosion of complexity for the derivation of the adaptive fuzzy backstepping control, thirdly a new saturation function for state constraints is proposed to design the controllers based on the Lyapunov function, fourthly the number of the adjustable parameters is reduced by using the simplified extended single input rule modules, and finally the weighted least squares estimator to take the estimates for the un-measurable states and the adjustable parameters is in a simplified structure designed. The proposed approach provides effective system performance in the simulation experiment.     

反坦克导弹最优一体化制导与控制

将导弹一目标相对运动信息引入到导弹控制模型中,对侧滑转弯（STT）反坦克导弹的俯仰和偏航推导得出了制导控制一体化数学模型,然后设计了基于最优控制理论的线性二次型（LQ）软终端约束控制器,最后进行了六自由度弹道仿真,结果表明最优一体化制导控制方法可有效地将导弹导向目标,且满足制导精度要求。     

线性电机伺服系统的自适应鲁棒控制

通过对一类音圈电机直驱式精密伺服系统运动控制问题的研究,在只考虑系统标称模型的情况下,采用分数阶形式的趋近律,得到了一种有限时间滑模控制算法;与此同时,当系统存在参数不确定和外界干扰的情况下,将有限时间滑模控制方法和自适应控制理论相结合,构造了一种自适应滑模控制律.另一方面,本文还考虑了系统具有输入饱和约束的情况,通过引入一个辅助系统,进而设计了一种自适应抗饱和控制律.而且,文中对闭环系统的稳定性进行了证明.最后,仿真和实验对所提出控制策略的有效性和伺服精度进行了对比、分析和验证.