嵌入式系统的抗干扰技术研究

随着控制技术的发展,各种嵌入式系统应用越来越广泛。同时,嵌入系统中不同信号之间的干扰也愈来愈多。而嵌入式系统和抗干扰技术又都是一门多学科交叉的科学,如何将二者融合在一起成为了一个新的课题。文中对嵌入式系统的抗干扰技术进行了分析,从硬件和软件两个方面提出了多种抗干扰技术。     

嵌入式系统开发问题的探讨

给出了嵌入式系统的一般构成、讨论了嵌入式系统应用开发中涉及的开发平台、处理器选型、低功耗和抗干扰等问题,对它们进行了分析,提出了解决方法。     

嵌入式测控系统的抗干扰设计

通过分析嵌入式测控系统常见的干扰,从硬件和软件两个方面介绍了嵌入式测控系统的抗干扰措施,提升了嵌入式测控系统在工业环境的可靠性和稳定性.     

嵌入式导弹测控系统的硬件抗干扰设计

结合实际工程中普遍存在的电磁干扰现象,就硬件抗干扰设计进行了总结,分析了电磁干扰源、干扰的传输途径及干扰产生的后果。主要从抑制干扰源、切断干扰传输途径两方面出发,提出了嵌入式导弹测控系统硬件抗干扰设计思想。详细归纳了嵌入式导弹测控系统电路中供电系统、接地、信号传输通道、空间电磁场以及印制电路板的总体布局与走线等方面的抗干扰设计方法,给出了一种恢复受干扰系统的专用复位电路。     

AT91RM9200在电力系统线路保护中的应用研究

针对当前微机保护装置运行中普遍存在的处理器数据处理能力低、外设功能薄弱、可扩展性差等问题,基于对ATMEL公司嵌入式处理器AT91RM9200技术特性的分析,设计了一种嵌入式微机线路保护系统方案.文中讨论了系统的结构、软硬件设计、抗干扰措施和可靠性设计.初步试运行表明,该系统设计是成功的,结构简单,抗干扰强,可靠性高,便于维护和操作.     

WDT在嵌入式系统中的应用

介绍了作为抗干扰技术之一的WDT的原理及软硬件实现方法。以80386EX为例介绍了WDT 在嵌入式系统中的应用，通过分析原理图和源程序介绍了如何利用WDT防止系统死锁及一些常用的软件抗干扰技术。     

嵌入式系统在过电流保护装置中的应用

论述了一种嵌入式系统在继电保护装置中的实际应用,介绍了硬件系统的构成,软件设计的一些思路和方法.对工业应用的抗干扰设计,提出了一些见解.     

提高嵌入式系统可靠性的软件技术

软件抗干扰技术是提高嵌入式系统可靠性的重要手段。结合实践,文章分析了嵌入式系统软件的基本要求及软件抗干扰的特点,并从软件工程开发方法和故障自诊断技术等方面提出了若干行之有效的软件抗干扰技术。     

嵌入式系统中软件抗干扰措施

抗干扰性能是嵌入式系统可靠性的重要指标。该文介绍了嵌入式系统软件的基本要求及软件抗干扰的特点,并提出了若干行之有效的软件抗干扰措施。     

MCU平台的嵌入式系统软件设计研究

嵌入式系统的运行需要可靠性和实时性的保证,因此良好的可靠性和实时性是嵌入式系统软件设计的重要标准。同时为了使软件系统的鲁棒性更强,嵌入式系统的设计需要一个非常好的软件架构。这里介绍了一种基于MCU平台的嵌入式系统软件架构方法。在这个方法中,事件驱动机制的引入满足了对软件架构的要求,主程序中不仅采用了优先调度机制,同时也加入了软件抗干扰措施,这些都使系统的实时性和可靠性得到了明显的提高。设计实验比较由该方法得到的软件架构与原始软件架构的实时性,得出由该方法优化后的软件架构确实具有更好的性能。     

基于PLC的PID控制系统

以数控系统的伺服电机控制为例,使用ARM微处理器芯片设计与实现软PLC,在此PLC的基础上,结合模糊控制理论和PID控制算法,通过MATLAB仿真完成参数整定,设计了以个基于模糊PID算法的电机控制系统.该系统不仅应用于数控系统,也可用于其它行业的电机控制.     

Input linearization of nonlinear systems via pulse-width control

In this note, it is shown that a general nonlinear system can be transformed to an affine nonlinear system by virtue of the use of pulsewidth control. Therefore, the combined system from the pulse width control input to the nonlinear system output behaves as an affine (linear-in-control) system. By this way, a cumbersome nonlinear system model can be transformed to a simpler linear-in-control form without increasing the system dimension; this in turn enables simpler control design. Furthermore, using this methodology, some control design methods developed only for affine systems can be adapted to general nonlinear systems.     

Event-based intelligent control of saturated chemical plant using an endomorphic neural network model

An event-based control system with an endomorphic neural network model is designed and realized to control a saturated non-linear plant. The scheme employed in this system is based on an event-based control paradigm previously proposed to control monotonic plants. However, this scheme is different from the previous one in that it can be used to control plants with saturation property. This new scheme may be viewed as a combined method of a time-based diagnosis mechanism in an event-based control system and a state-based control mechanism in a neural network control system. A chemical plant having strong non-linearity and complicated dynamics is controlled using this realized event-based control system. This paper discusses the structure of an event-based controller, the neural network modelling methodology, some related problems, and the simulation results.     

并行计算在网络化控制中的机遇与挑战

先进控制中存在着大量费时的计算，这限制了它们的应用．现代控制系统正在 向着网络化方向发展，为在控制系统中实施并行计算提供了必要的环境．控制系统的网络化 从根本上导致了控制应用中计算模式的变化．在网络化控制系统中运用并行计算技术可以 提高先进控制算法的计算速度,从而提高其控制品质和扩展其应用范围．本文探讨了在当今 流行的网络控制系统体系结构上实施并行计算以解决控制应用中的计算问题的可能性以及 待解决的问题．     

Design and application of the stereo vision manipulator with novel scheduling policies control

This main purpose of this paper is to promote the efficiency of a control system using a scheduling policies control design. In this system, the management of a computer’s input and output information is handled appropriately by the program language. The scheduling policies control design is used in the robotic arm’s tracking system. The advantage of this control design is to activate each procedure running simultaneously when the transient overload of the information’s input and output in the control system occurs. Therefore, the time run in the scheduling policies control system will be shorter than that of a traditional control system in which each procedure is lined up for running. In this paper, case studies of the scheduling police control application used in image tracking vision control are introduced. The results reveal that the speed of the tracking system can be improved by using the scheduling police technique under an immediate procedure plan.     

圆头锁眼机主电机控制系统的设计与实现

主轴电机控制系统是圆头锁眼机控制系统中的核心部分,因此详细研究主电机控制系统对整个系统将有非常重要的意义。通过对无刷直流电机控制系统的研究,提出了一种基于ARM和CPLD（Complex Programmable Logic Device,复杂可编程逻辑器件）的圆头锁眼机电机控制系统,重点介绍了硬件电路设计以及电机的高速速度优先、低速位置优先的定位算法。通过电机性能测试表明,这是一种简单而高效的电机控制系统,可以方便的应用于工业缝纫机控制系统以及相应的电机伺服控制系统。     

基于Simulink 图型模态液压自适应控制的实现

为方便液压自适应控制系统的研究,根据误差方程多项式代数法自适应控制理论,提出了基于Simulinik图型模态,构成了液压自适应控制系统.这种自适应控制方法与其他控制方法相比,具有控制精度高,控制器结构简单,自适应能力与实用性强等特点.文中详细讨论了自适应控制系统的构成及基于Simulinik图型模态液压自适应控制系统的实现问题,通过大量仿真研究,说明这种构成方法是正确的,所采用的自适应控制策略,具有很强的自适应控制能力,控制精度高,它不仅能使不稳定的系统变为稳定,且能渐近一致地收敛于希望模型的输出,使系统满足其动态性能的要求.     

基于ARM的嵌入式数控系统

介绍了一种以32位CPU为控制器的嵌入式数控系统设计,包括系统硬件设计和软件设计。该系统选用三星公司的低功耗S3C4510作为核心,具有数据存储、以太网通讯、LCD显示等功能。该系统具有低功耗、低价位、体积小、可集成到数控机床操作台等特点,是未来经济型数控机床发展的趋势。     

Augmented Lagrangian Pattern Search Based Multi‐Agent Model Predictive Control of Rhine‐Meuse Delta

In Large Scale Systems the concept of centrality fails due to the lack of centralized computing capability. The control of such systems has to be performed using multiple control agents. In this case, the matter of interactions among neighboring subsystems needs to be considered. In this paper, a water control system in the Netherlands is studied as a real large scale system. A multi‐agent scheme is applied to control the flow through the system which is decomposed into two interconnected subsystems. Each agent employs a model‐based predictive control (MPC) technique. The model of this large scale system is nonlinear and nonconvex. Therefore, an augmented Lagrangian pattern search optimization algorithm is used to implement multi‐agent MPC for this system. This proposed algorithm is applied by each control agent to solve its own interconnected optimization problem, at each subsystem of whole the water system. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Design of a fault tolerant control system incorporating reliability analysis and dynamic behaviour constraints

In highly automated aerospace and industrial systems where maintenance and repair cannot be carried out immediately, it is crucial to design control systems capable of ensuring desired performance when taking into account the occurrence of faults/failures on a plant/process; such a control technique is referred to as fault tolerant control (FTC). The control system processing such fault tolerance capability is referred to as a fault tolerant control system (FTCS). The objective of FTC is to maintain system stability and current performance of the system close to the desired performance in the presence of system component and/or instrument faults; in certain circumstances a reduced performance may be acceptable. Various control design methods have been developed in the literature with the target to modify or accommodate baseline controllers which were originally designed for systems operating under fault-free conditions. The main objective of this article is to develop a novel FTCS design method, which incorporates both reliability and dynamic performance of the faulty system in the design of a FTCS. Once a fault has been detected and isolated, the reconfiguration strategy proposed in this article will find possible structures of the faulty system that best preserve pre-specified performances based on on-line calculated system reliability and associated costs. The new reconfigured controller gains will also be synthesised and finally the optimal structure that has the ‘best’ control performance with the highest reliability will be chosen for control reconfiguration. The effectiveness of this work is illustrated by a heating system benchmark used in a European project entitled intelligent Fault Tolerant Control in Integrated Systems (IFATIS EU-IST-2001-32122).