二十一世纪武器系统仿真新动向—基于仿真的采办与管理

基于仿真的采办（Ｓｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎ Ｂａｓｅｄ Ａｃｑｕｉｓｉｔｉｏｎ，ＳＢＡ）是９０年代中期出现的仿真新技术，基于仿真的武器系统采办与管理的目标是：⑴大量减少武器系统采办过程各个花费的时间、资料的风险等；（２）在减少武器系统采办全周期各个阶段总体费用的情况下，确保提高开口系统质量、军用价值和战场支撑能力等；（３）在整个采办生命周期内，使得集成化的生产和过程开发成为可能。该文简要地介绍了开口系统     

基于MATLAB（SIMULINK）的模糊控制系统计算机仿真

将ＭＡＴＬＡＢ的ＦＵＺＺＹ ＴＯＯＬＢＯＸ中的模糊推理系统（Ｆｕｚｚｙ Ｉｎｔｅｒｅｎｃｅ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ）编辑器与ＳＩＭＵＬＩＮＫ有机结合起来,充分利用它们各自的优势,方便地实现了模糊控制系统（ＦＣＳ）的计算机仿真。从而克服了对复杂控制律无法直接应用ＳＩＭＵＬＩＮＫ进行仿真的缺点,了ＳＩＭＵＬＩＮＫ的应用范围。     

基于WWW的仿真软件JRTSS

基于ＷＷＷ的仿真软件ＪＲＴＳＳ（Ｊａｖａ－ｂａｓｅｄＲｅａｌＴｉｍｅＳｙｓｔｅｍＳｉｍｕｌａｔｏｒ）以ＲＴＳＳ仿真软件为基础,保持其原有特色,并采用Ｊａｖａ为编程语言,运行在Ｂｒｏｗｓｅｒ／Ｓｅｒｖｅｒ环境下。ＪＲＴＳＳ软件由三部分组成：仿真核心、建模程序与结果后处理程序。其中仿真核心运行在Ｓｅｒｖｅｒ端,建模和结果后处理程序为ＪａｖａＡｐｐｌｅｔ,由用户的Ｂｒｏｗｓｅｒ下载并执行。ＪＲＴＳＳ的系统模型是一个开放队列网络。通过在不同抽象层次对多个数据采集与处理系统、通信网络以及柔性制造系统的仿真与性能评价,证实ＪＲＴＳＳ是一个用于系统开发的有力工具。     

基于VBA和EXCEL的ARENA仿真输出可视化表达

首先介绍了Ａｒｅｎａ软件的应用环境和Ｍｉｃｒｏｓｏｆｔ Ｖｉｓｕａｌ Ｂａｓｉｃ ｆｏｒ Ａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎ（ＶＢＡ）在Ａｒｅｎａ中的应用。以一个营销咨询与服务系统的为例,通过建立Ａｒｅａ仿真模型,在Ａｒｅｎａ中添中ＶＢＡ模块,实现了ＶＢＡ调用Ｅｘｃｅｌ,从而丰富了Ａｒｅａｎ的仿真输出。     

用SIMAN遗留代码建立32位Windows仿真应用程序

文章详细讨论了对ＤＯＳ环境下的ＳＩＭＡＮ仿真语言进行３２位Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ化改造（Ｗｉｎ_ＳＩＭＡＮ）的过程和方法。并且完整地讨论了用Ｍｉｃｒｏｓｏｆｔ Ｆｏｒｔｒａｎ ＰｏｗｅｒＳｔａｔｉｏｎ ４．０、Ｍｉｃｒｏｓｏｆｔ ＶｉｓｕａｌＣ＋＋５．０和Ｗｉｎ_ＳＩＭＡＮ创建３２位Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ仿真应用程序的方法和注意事项。关键部分用源代码加以说明并已调试通过。     

空地协同分布交互仿真中DR算法研究

推算定位（ｄｅａｄ ｒｅｃｋｏｎｉｎｇ,ＤＲ）技术是大型分布交互仿真（ＤＩＳ）系统的关键技术,在研究传统的一阶、二阶和高阶ＤＲ算法基础上,针对民航飞行、领航和地面管制综合训练的空、地协同分布交互仿真系统（ＤＡＧＩＳ）,提出了基于模型的ＳＲ算法（ＭＢＤＲ）,探讨一种自适应模型转换方法和动态门限选取问题,比常规ＤＲ算法更好地夺缩了网络通信量,讨论了与ＤＲ算法相关的平滑和延时补偿问题,在构造的ＤＡＧＩＳ     

化工过程大范围动态仿真可视化建模环境

给出了自主开发的面向化工过程的可视化建模环境,它能够支持化工过程仿真、优化控制等需要的大范围动态模型地建立、代码的自动生成、算法测试和调试验模的全过程。系统采用结构化面向对象的设计方法,在设计中充分考虑了系统的开放性、集成性以及调试验模的便利性。平台采用Ｃｌｉｅｎｔ／Ｓｅｒｖｅｒ结构、Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ ＮＴ图形环境和Ｖｉｓｕａｌ Ｃ＋＋、Ｖｉｓｕａｌ ＢＡＳＩＣ相结合的程序设计语言。并已成功地应用于     

控制系统计算机仿真CAI软件的研制

本文介绍了研制的一套内容丰富,功能强,适合于自动化专业本科生、研究生学习使用的控制系统计算机仿真辅助教学软件,它是基于计算机仿真,控制原理,控制工程,系统辨识,优化技术,计算机软件技术,计算数学等有关学科的基本知识,结合人工智能的方法,采用Ｖｉｓｕａｌ Ｂａｓｉｃ与ＭＡＴＬＡＢ语言制作的包含控制原理学习模块,控制系统仿真学习模块,控制系统参数优化学习模拟以及高级控制系统学习模块的软件。实验结果表明     

线性系统的一种数字仿真方法

线性系统的一种数字仿真方法费景高（北京计算机应用和仿真技术研究所）ＡＭＥＴＨＯＤＦＯＲＤＩＧＩＴＡＬＳＩＭＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＬＩＮＥＡＲＳＹＳＴＥＭＳ￥ＦｅｉＪｉｎｇ－ｇａｏ（ＢｅｉｊｉｎｇＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＣｏｍｐｕｔｅｒＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎ...     

聚合级仿真系统中几个问题的研究

研究了聚合级仿真中的几个关键问题———聚合级仿真的结构、数据管理、时间管理,以及聚合级仿真协议（ＡＬＳＰ） 。以满足分布交互仿真（ＤＩＳ） 的不断发展,仿真规模越来越大的需求。特别是仿真节点在地域上的分布性、参加仿真演练的实体越来越多、大量的信息传输,要求在分布交互仿真中能够有效、合理地传输有用的信息。利用已有的仿真系统组成新的、更完善的仿真系统。这就要求在系统的结构、管理等问题上不断发展完善。聚合级仿真（ａｇｇｒｅｇａｔｅｌｅｖｅｌｓｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎ） 针对这些要求在分布交互仿真中起着重要作用。     

Research on Service-Oriented SBA supporting environment

SBA (Simulation based acquisition) is a new method to apply modeling and simulation technologies collaboratively into the whole acquisition process of weapon systems. In this paper, SOA (Service-oriented Architecture) is adopted to establish a Service-Oriented SBA supporting environment for effectively sharing and integrating different, heterogeneous acquisition resources as services. The SBA supporting environment is mainly for astronautics/aeronautics product acquisition process. Architecture of Service-Oriented SBA supporting environment is proposed and a prototype system is established to support collaborative acquisition process. The focus is put on the realization of a SBA collaborative environment, which is the core part of the SBA supporting environment. Implementation and integration of four kinds of key services and related technologies in the SBA collaborative environment are introduced separately. The services are the collaborative management service, the meta-synthesis workshop service, the collaborative modeling/simulation platform service and the collaborative PDM service.     

面向复杂产品的SBA系统体系结构研究

20世纪90年代中期出现的仿真新技术——基于仿真的采办(SBA)，是国防部门和工业部门通过强制协调应用跨采办项目阶段、跨采办项目集成的仿真技术来实现的一种采办过程．详述了SBA的概念，概述了SBA的技术特点及关键技术，提出了复杂产品SBA系统体系结构，针对复杂产品SBA系统各构件的功能与特点进行了论述．最后给出了实施SBA的策略。     

虚拟采办中多维建摸与仿真研究

作为采办决策的支持手段,虚拟采办是以建模与仿真为工具对采办进度、费用、性能等作的综合论证,其要点包括复杂信息映射的一致性、多维动态仿真的并行和演进。本文以导弹武器装备采办为背景,研究虚拟采办中多维建模与仿真方法:以工作域、任务/子任务、资源等组成的多尺度工作分解结构作为多维仿真的基础,并将进度、性能、费用和资源等多维信息映射至统一的工作结构中;建立任务关系模型和属性关联模型,并将性能作为仿真循环和迭代的约束条件,采用任务调度/时间推进/多维并行机制进行仿真,实现采办仿真过程的并行和演进;同时,在进度、费用、性能等多维约束下分析采办满足预期综合要求的风险,为采办决策提供支持。     

制导兵器系统建模与仿真的校核、验证与认可

介绍模型校核、验证与认可的基本概念,研究制导兵器系统建模与仿真发ＶＶＡ技术方法。从系统工程观点出发,首先给出制导兵器系统仿真研究全生命周期框架,在此基础上探讨具体的ＶＶＡ技术。所给出的制导兵器系统建模与仿真的ＶＶＡ技术方法,可用来指导建模与仿真,对提高仿真系统的置信度、增加仿真结果可信性具有重要的意义。     

基于HLA的SBA协同环境研究

基于仿真的采办 (SBA)是一种新型武器采办体系 ,以建模与仿真技术为基础 ,并融合先进信息技术、先进管理技术。该文结合当前仿真技术发展现状和实验室现有技术、资源 ,提出了层次化的SBA协同环境结构 ,构造了一个实用性强、比较完整的SBA协同环境原型系统。     

The construction of a collaborative framework in support of low carbon product design

Ideally, carbon information could be disclosed and reduced through the supply chain if a life cycle inventory is well conducted. However, in practice, it has been found through the observation of the past carbon footprint inventories of enterprises that owing to the limited cost and resources, most of these investigations were seldom comprehensively conducted and were not integrated with the existing internal management systems or information systems of the enterprises, but instead were conducted as a special project for target products. Also, most enterprises thought it was time-consuming to conduct these inventories (raw material suppliers, manufacturers, transporters, retailers, customers, and waste processors, numerous suppliers). The main purpose of this study is to construct a collaborative design framework to help enterprises collect and calculate products' carbon footprints in a readily and timely manner throughout the entire supply chain. In this research, a computer aided tool was used to integrate enterprises' internal systems with life cycle inventory database and to establish enterprises' GHGs bills of material system. These enterprises were provided with standard data collection forms and a search engine system based on life cycle assessment approaches. A case study on the implementation of the system is also illustrated.     

基于LabVIEW和MATLAB的数字孪生供热系统平台的设计与仿真

数字孪生技术充分利用物理结构、传感器更新、设备运行历史等数据通过集成多领域、多物理量、多可能性的模拟过程，在虚拟空间中进行镜像，以此表达相对应的实物装置的整个生命周期过程。从智慧供热的发展历史来看，依托现代工业系统理念，提出了基于"数字孪生"的智能供热系统结构。首先介绍了数字孪生的基本结构，给出了数字孪生的构建方式基于虚拟仪器Labview的大数据采集、处理、归档、仿真；然后以采集的数据为基础，得到供热系统的孪生模型，叙述了数字孪生技术解决的关键问题；最后，通过Labview仿真平台调用Matlab中神经网络智能算法，得到基于大数据采集以及经过智能算法优化后的参数，同时系统将参数反馈给物理实体设备，从而完成孪生模型的仿真、优化、反馈过程。通过热网系统优化仿真案例验证了Labview和Matlab混合编程在建立的孪生供热平台上、应用的有效性。     

Understanding the trust of software‐intensive distributed systems

An early understanding of the trust concerns while composing a distributed system from independently developed software services saves time and effort. It also allows the developer of such distributed systems to reason about the trust‐related properties of these systems. Although there are prevalent approaches for evaluating the trust of such systems, it is not clear which approach, if any, is the most comprehensive and best suited for a given situation. Moreover, there is no agreement about a unified approach, for quantifying trust, which can be applied to the entire software life‐cycle of distributed systems. This article, first, motivates the need for such a quantification of trust via a case study from the domain of indoor tracking. It then provides a comprehensive survey of current approaches that define trust, in general domains, and then focuses on the relevant approaches from the domain of software‐oriented distributed systems. These prevalent efforts are categorized into groups using existing clustering tools and then are further analyzed for their comprehensiveness. The analysis depicts: (1) many trust‐related efforts and associated models have their own constrained views of trust; (2) different trust models focus on different aspects of trust and life‐cycle details; and (3) it is difficult to interoperate across different trust models. Hence, the paper identifies a set of principles that can assist in quantifying and evaluating the trust throughout the software life‐cycle of distributed systems. These principles, then, are applied to the aforementioned case study to provide an outline of how trustworthy distributed systems can be composed from independent software services. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Asynchronous Participatory Exams: Internet Innovation for Engaging Students

The Asynchronous Learning Networks Participatory Examination (APE) is a constructivist approach that fully engages students in the entire exam life cycle. Students design and solve exam questions while evaluating their peers' solutions using an anonymous, structured process enabled by Internet technologies. APE achieves higher-level learning by encouraging students to tap into all levels of cognitive skills. Compared to the traditional exam experiences in most classes, most students prefer APE, enjoy its process, and recommend its use. APE liberates both students and instructors by reengineering the examination process and deepening learning throughout.     

RefModPM: A Conceptual Reference Model for Project Management Information Systems

Project management information systems have changed considerably in the last decade. Today they go far beyond traditional scheduling as well as resource management. These systems have become comprehensive information systems (IS) that support the entire life cycle of projects, project programmes and project portfolios. In this context, project-oriented organizations face a new challenge: the design, implementation and operation of such information systems has become increasingly complex, since numerous processes have to be considered, diverse stakeholder interests taken into account and corresponding software systems selected. The reference model for project management IS (RefMod^PM) presented here addresses these challenges and aims to support corresponding implementation projects. This article introduces RefMod^PM by discussing its construction process and evaluation, as well as providing an overview of its architecture and presenting one part of the reference model in detail.