一种基于多边形剖分的有限元网格生成方法

在两步网格化过程中,待分析区域首先被剖分为具有三条或四条边的简单子区域部分.然后将利用传递模板法或映射法对这些子区域进行网格生成.本文结合计算几何和有限元网格自动生成问题,给出了一种基于简单多边形剖分的全四边形有限元网格自动生成方法.该方法分两步实现有限元网格生成首先通过权函数的引导,对待分析的简单多边形区域先进行子域剖分,得到一组三角形和凸四边形子域(大单元)的集合;然后利用中点剖分方法,将三角形和凸四边形子域单元剖分为全四边形有限元网格.实践证明,本文提出的方法实现简单、使用灵活,结果网格的质量良好.     

平面任意区域四边形网格自动生成的一种方法

在改进节点连接法的基础上，提出了一种平面任意区域的有限元网格全自动剖分方法，既能快速生成四边形单元网格，也能生成三角形单元网格；     

塑性有限元分析中的等值线图生成算法

等值线图的自动生成是塑性有限元分析系统前后置处理部分的重要组成之一,本文根据线性插值原理,提出了一种适用于三角形和四边形四节点单元类型,或者两者混合而成的通用有限元网格系统的等值线图自动生成算法。该算法简洁、实用,易于推广应用到其他领域的等值线图生成过程。     

由区域生长算法实现四边形网格划分

针对当前各种三角形网格转化为四边形网格算法的缺陷，提出一种实现这种转化的算法——区域生长算法．该算法通过有选择地合并三角形来获得高质量的四边形网格，并且对两个三角形的合并增加约束条件以避免在生成四边形网格的过程中产生残余三角形；同时对生成的四边形网格进行一系列的质量改善操作。     

前沿法生成四边形网格的改进方法

针对传统前沿法生成四边形网格时算法不稳定,有残余三角形等缺点,该文提出泛前沿的概念。泛前沿是对目前前沿概念的更高层次上的抽象,不但避免了前沿拆分和合并带来的不稳定,而且使得前沿操作起来更简单有效。然后文章通过消除坏四边形单元,消除残余三角形单元等操作,最终得到了质量较好的全四边形网格。最后,给出了用此法划分的例子。     

一种快速的三维有限元网格生成方法

针对三维有限元网格的生成的速度较慢并且网格质量不高的问题,提出了一种基于约束波前法的三维有限元网格生成算法。算法的主要思想是用背景网格提高网格单元的可控性,避免网格单元生成时验证有效性的计算量,从而快速生成高质量的三维有限元网格。算法首先借助八叉树方法生成背景网格,其次利用背景网格的密度对模型表面进行三角剖分得到初始波前,然后依据背景网格的特征生成实体网格单元,最后对得到的结果进行优化。实验证明结合了八叉树和推进波前法的三维网格生成算法降低了波前法的时间复杂度,将其效率提高了20%,而且能得到更高质量的网格。     

有限元网格全自动生成的九分法

本文论述了有限元网格全自动生成的九分法．这种方法将等边三角形单元划分为九个小等边三角形单元；允许有限元网格局部加密，加密交接处引入五点元．该法可做为前处理器与有限元分析程序系统的联结．     

二维域多约束四边形有限元网格生成算法

以Q-Morph算法思想为基础,实现增加约束后自动生成二维域多约束四边形有限元网格．通过增加约束修补子算法,使原算法思想适用于附加的多约束;同时调整了原有算法中单元四边形顶边的生成子算法和四边形内多余三角形删除子算法的烦琐之处．实例测试结果表明,用文中算法生成的约束四边形网格具有网格分布较均匀、网格形状较规整等特点．     

基于三角形连接的有限元网格划分

文中创新地提出了三角形连接的有限元网格划分的算法,但是三角形并不是有限元计算的基本单元,而是根据已经生成的三角形生成较为规整的四边形。在实际的项目过程中,创新地提出了三种有效的算法,并利用C＋＋面向对象的MFC程序设计和编写。本程序可以从模型文件读取边界以及点约束和线约束特征数据,程序自动计算出一个较为合理的边界间距值,并且根据需要人工或自动选择一种划分算法,从而自动完成高质量的四边形网格划分。三种算法皆可以处理大量数据点和线,并且划分速度较为高效。本程序模块成功应用于有限元计算软件中。     

曲面的有限元网格顶点法矢算法

分析计算有限元三角形网格顶点法矢的各种算法原理,比较各种算法的结果精度,指出Max方法考虑了三角形网格的形状,且本质上是一种通过对四面体进行外接球面拟合的计算方法,结果精度很高.在此基础上,针对曲面在有限元网格划分后可能同时存在三角形网格和四边形网格,提出适应于单独的三角形网格和四边形网格与两者并存的混合网格的顶点法矢求取算法,计算结果表明了算法的适应性和有效性.     

一个表现风吹树动的计算机动画模型

提出一个可用于计算机动画中以自然为背景生成的表现风吹树动的模型，该模型将矢量合成处理结合到三维树木的递归生成过程中，能简便地得到有较好效果的动画系列画面。     

Real-time visualization of animated trees

Realistic visualization of plants and trees has recently received increased interest in various fields of applications. Limited computational power and the extreme complexity of botanical structures have called for tradeoffs between interactivity and realism. In this paper we present methods for the creation and real-time visualization of animated trees. In contrast to other previous research, our work is geared toward near-field visualization of highly detailed areas of forestry scenes with animation. We describe methods for rendering and shading of trees by utilizing the programmable hardware of consumer-grade graphics cards. We then describe a straightforward technique for animation of swaying stems and fluttering foliage that can be executed locally on a graphics processor. Our results show that highly detailed tree structures can be visualized at real-time frame rates and that animation of plant structures can be accomplished without sacrificing performance.     

Realistic animation of interactive trees

We present a mathematical model for animating trees realistically by taking into account the influence of natural frequencies and damping ratios. To create realistic motion of branches, we choose three basic mode shapes from the modal analysis of a curved beam, and combine them with a driven harmonic oscillator to approximate Lissajous curve which is observed in pull-and-release test of real trees. The forced vibration of trees is animated by utilizing local coordinate transformation before applying the forced vibration model of curved beams. In addition, we assume petioles are flexible to create natural motion of leaves. A wind field is generated by three-dimensional 1/f ^β noises to interact with the trees. Besides, our animation model allows users to interactively manipulate trees. We demonstrate several examples to show the realistic motion of interactive trees without using pre-computation or GPU acceleration. Various motions of trees can be achieved by choosing different combinations of natural frequencies and damping ratios according to tree species and seasons.     

层次结构树木物理运动的实时仿真

提出一种在GPU上实现基于力学运动原理的层次结构树木运动的并行仿真技术。该技术通过分析物理运动原理与多层次的矩阵结构(HMSM)算法的并行性,来达到将树木动画在图形硬件CUDA平台上进行加速的目的。首先介绍层次结构树木在外力诸如风力等作用下的物理运动原理;然后,针对树木的物理运动以及层次结构叠加算法详细地进行并行性分析;之后着重阐述CUDA框架下树木运动的并行结构设计过程与并行算法的详细设计方法;最后在GPU上执行树木物理运动仿真。实验结果表明,该技术不但能够生成真实感较强的树木动画序列,还能够实时模拟基于物理的树木运动。同时,该技术给计算机动画的加速算法提供了很好的思想。     

利用GPU实时绘制水墨画效果

系统可实时绘制中国山水画中常见的物体并生成视频输出，它包括5个模块：多通道技术和新型国画山光照模型的山峦绘制模块、基于位移映射的云层模拟、基于纹理运动的瀑布绘制模块、基于广告牌技术的树木绘制模块和实时视频输出模块．前面4个模块利用GPU可编程特性控制其流水线，对任意三维场景，可实时绘制水墨画效果；用户可根据需要对系统中的各个绘制模块进行配置并实时漫游．     

一种风吹树动模拟的新方法*

目前已有的关于树在风中运动的模拟方法存在两个缺点：计算量太大,难以实时模拟;成像粗糙,真实感不强。基于此,提出了一种新的模拟树木在风中运动的方法。本方法对树的基本模型进行抽象表示,采用材料力学知识详细分析树枝的受力及运动过程,并推导出空间位置的动态变化公式;选用向量表示风和节间,通过向量的运算定型模拟树枝因受力引起的运动。该模拟方法的时间复杂度仅为O(n)。实验表明,其运算速度快,模拟结果真实,可应用于实时模拟的虚拟场合中。     

Wind projection basis for real-time animation of trees

This paper presents a real-time method to animate complex scenes of thousands of trees under a user-controllable wind load. Firstly, modal analysis is applied to extract the main modes of deformation from the mechanical model of a 3D tree. The novelty of our contribution is to precompute a new basis of the modal stress of the tree under wind load. At runtime, this basis allows to replace the modal projection of the external forces by a direct mapping for any directional wind. We show that this approach can be efficiently implemented on graphics hardware. This modal animation can be simulated at low computation cost even for large scenes containing thousands of trees.     

A 3D visualization system for hurricane storm-surge flooding

Three-dimensional computer visualization and animation can provide a substitute for coastal residents', lack of personal experience with hurricane-surge flooding. Tremendous progress has been made in 3D animation in the last decade, which movies such as Perfect Storm and The Day After Tomorrow have demonstrated. However, the 3D visualization and animation system for storm-surge flooding differs from those in Hollywood movies in three aspects. First, objects such as buildings, roads, and trees in a synthetic 3D visualization environment not only have to be able to duplicate the real-world feature visually, but also be georeferenced so users can find real locations through addresses or spatial coordinates. The sizes and shapes of buildings and trees have to be accurate so users can sense the severity of flooding by comparing the water level with heights of familiar objects. Second, the magnitude, extent, and process of storm-surge flooding have to be accurate enough to represent the real situation. This information has to be based on hydrodynamics of storm surge. Third, the damage extent of a property caused by storm surge and waves, such as the collapse of a house, must be determined by engineering rules. Recent advances in high-resolution remote-sensing technology and numerical modeling make it possible to provide accurate data for the earth's surface features and storm-surge flooding.     

基于形变模型的真实感三维人脸动画研究

论文提出了一种新的基于三维人脸形变模型,并兼容于MPEG-4的三维人脸动画模型。采用基于均匀网格重采样的方法建立原型三维人脸之间的对齐,应用MPEG-4中定义的三维人脸动画规则,驱动三维模型自动生成真实感人脸动画。给定一幅人脸图像,三维人脸动画模型可自动重建其真实感的三维人脸,并根据FAP参数驱动模型自动生成人脸动画。