工作流异常处理的形式描述

异常处理是工作流执行中要解决的主要问题之一，清楚地描述异常处理的过程是最终得到实现的基础。Petri-net对工作流的描述适合于对过程定义进行正确性验证和评价，但描述各种不同条件下的处理策略却很繁琐，采用了一种直观的描述方法对异常处理过程中的元素，即活动、异常处理策略以及处理措施进行了形式化描述，特别是对不同处理策略下的处理过程进行了描述。结合消息机制，分析了一个异常事件出现时，如何处理一个活动实例产生的中间数据，并对事务处理和异常处理的补偿策略进行了比较。描述方法为编码实现提供了很大的方便。     

Java语言的异常处理设计原则

异常处理是Java语言的重要语言机制，正确地处理异常对程序的可靠性、健壮性是十分重要的。回顾了异常处理技术的概念和思想，对异常处理提出了一套实用的设计原则，并针对Java语言的具体环境，分类介绍了各种异常的常用处理方式。     

Java异常处理机制的研究

异常处理是Java语言的重要语言机制，正确、合理地处理异常对程序的可靠性、健壮性是十分重要的。在分析了异常处理技术的概念和思想后，对异常处理提出了指导原则，并针对检查型异常和非检查型异常的差异，探讨了对应的解决措施。     

嵌入式软件异常处理机制的研究

异常处理作为实现嵌入式软件容错的一种机制，对嵌入式系统的可靠性具有十分重要的作用。文中主要分析了嵌入式系统原有的异常处理机制的不足，并依据实际工作中的发现，加入了新的异常处理机制，作为对原有异常处理机制的补充。并且以uC／OS-Ⅱ为例，叙述了这种新的异常处理机制的设计和应用。最后说明了在实际工作中应用这种新的异常处理机制应该注意的问题。     

一种基于FPGA的轻量型多核密码处理架构研究

分析了密码处理系统的实现方式和架构，给出了一种基于FPGA的轻量型多核密码处理架构，分析了其中涉及的关键技术，对小型化高性能密码处理系统设计具有参考价值。     

一个文件管理器的实现

在应用程序的开发设计中，经常会遇到对多个文件进行处理的问题。如果文件太多，一方面会受到操作系统的限制，另一方面也增加了程序设计的繁琐性。本文介绍的文件管理器，可避开操作系统对同时处理多个文件的限制，对多个文件的处理进行有效的管理，使应用程序能尽可能多地处理多个文件。这不仅提高了文件系统的使用效率，减轻程序设计的繁琐性，而且使应用程序更具有通用性。     

基于OSPF的动态配置支持系统研究与实现

在OSPF静态配置支持系统模型基础上，提出了基于OSPF的动态配置支持系统模型，该模型采取四层模块分级处理结构，各层对大量MIB变量的处理统一接口，规范MIB处理模式，并建立实时任务完成MIB存储和OSPF协议改变间的异步处理，还运行配置支持系统状态机，检测各层的MIB处理状况，加强和协调各层间的MIB处理。最后基于这种模型实现了动态配置支持系统DCSS-OSPF，还列出了TMS系统中DCSS-OSPF系统的边界处理。     

联机分析处理的综述和分析

介绍了联机分析处理的研究状况，对一些典型的联机分析处理产品进行了分析和评价，指出了可视化的不足，引入概念层次提升改进可视化效果的方法，提出了联机分析处理非数值型的量度和虚拟视图的更新方法，展望了联机分析处理的未来研究的问题和方向。     

基于行为模式识别的反垃圾邮件技术

分析邮件传送机制及传统反垃圾邮件技术，对基于行为模式识别的垃圾邮件处理技术技术进行了建模与处理流程描述，对发送垃圾行为进行了分类，针对不同行为做到了从源头上，原理上控制垃圾邮件的传播。研究分析认为，将行为模式识别技术应用于垃圾邮件的处理有主动性和精确性的优点。     

一个B-B型国际贸易网站的设计与实现

国际贸易是电子商务的重要应用领域。基于对国际贸易作业流程的深刻认识，讨论了互联网平台在国际贸易中的重要作用。给出了一个国际贸易网站的系统功能结构，给出了网站详细的业务流程设计，包括询盘处理、报盘处理、询盘特殊要求处理、回盘处理、合同处理等。最后，给出了系统的详细设计及实现技术。     

Phong光照模型中单位反射光线矢量的快速计算研究

基于矢量加法的三角法则,本文提出了利用Ｐｈｏｎｇ光照模型计算物体可见表面上任一点光强值的快速方法,解决了传统方法运算量大的不足。     

Fast Phong明暗处理算法的FPGA实现

Phong明暗处理算法是生成真实感3D图像的最佳算法之一。VLSI技术的发展以及对于高真实感实时图形的需求使得Phong明暗处理算法的实现成为可能。利用泰勒级数近似的Fast Phong明暗处理算法适合硬件实现。但是用硬件实现此算法需要存储大量数据的ROM表,这增加了实现的难度。通过误差分析,提出了优化的查找表结构。通过在FPGA上对所提结构进行验证,结果表明,该方案在提高速度、精度的同时减小了硬件资源的使用量。     

基于OpenGL的等角插补明暗处理的软件实现

等角插补明暗处理具有Phong明暗处理的视觉效果,而且具有较Phong明暗处理更快的渲染效率,基于标准图形渲染管道,用Ｃ语言实现了OpenGL渲染管道的硬件计算部分,同时用Ｃ语言实现了等角插补明暗处理,并给出了实验结果。该方法的实现可为渲染算法的研究和实现提供参考。     

硬件加速的实时Phong绘制技术

提出一种可适用于任何光源类型和移动光源情况的Phong绘制技术．这种方法转换光照计算从视点空间到三角形面片的局部空间，并充分利用了先进图形芯片的硬件加速功能，实现了高质量实时的Phong绘制效果．与以往的方法相比，其适用性更广。     

Faster Phong Shading via Angular Interpolation

One of the most successful algorithms that brought realism to the world of 3D image generation is Phong shading. It is an algorithm for smooth shading meshes of planar polygons used to represent curved surfaces. The level of realism and depth perception that can be obtained by Phong shading is attractive for 3D CAD applications and related areas. However, per pixel computation costs which were too high and/or artifacts, introduced by some of the more efficient evaluation methods and apparent only when displaying moving objects, are major factors mat blocked the common usage of Phong shading in highly interactive applications.
In this paper we present angular interpolation for Phong shading planar polygons. Angular interpolation was a method especially designed to meet requirements as imposed by special purpose hardware we developed¹, but turned out to be generally applicable. The angular interpolation method appears to be very efficient and reduces artifacts when displaying moving objects. Ideally a shading algorithm imposes no need for subdivision of patches as presented by the solid modelling system. Shading calculation via angular interpolation yields such an ideal algorithm. We will describe two alternative evaluation methods that trade off evaluation cost against level of accuracy. They both can handle light source and view point at arbitrary distances, but differ in level of accuracy. As a consequence these alternative evaluation methods do impose restrictions on the topology of patches and light sources. However, generally, the limitations imposed by these alternative shading methods are much more liberal than the limitations on patch size imposed by the geometry.
The most economic evaluation method we present can incrementally compute the colour intensity along a scanline by two additions per pixel. The methods presented are generally applicable and can easily be implemented in hardware.     

Hardware Lighting and Shading: a Survey

Traditionally, hardware rasterizers only support the Phong lighting model in combination with Gouraud shading using point light sources. However, the Phong lighting model is strictly empirical and physically implausible. Gouraud shading also tends to undersample the highlight unless a highly tesselated surface is used. Hence, higher‐quality hardware accelerated lighting and shading has gained much interest in the recent five years. The research on hardware lighting and shading is two‐fold. On the one hand, better lighting models for local illumination (assuming point light sources but evaluated per pixel) were demonstrated to be amenable to hardware implementation. On the other hand, recent research has demonstrated that even area lights, represented as environment maps, can be combined with complex lighting models. In both areas, many articles have been published, making it hard to decide which algorithm is well‐suited for which application. This state‐of‐the‐art report will review all relevent articles in both areas, and list advantages and disadvantages of each algorithm.     

一种新的基于环境纹理映射的浓淡方法

提出了一种新的基于环境纹理映射思想实时近似Ｐｈｏｎｇ效果的浓淡方法。由于采用了预先定义的光照纹理与仿射纹理映射方法,使得该方法具有较高的效率,同时几乎不损失生成画面的质量,并可以在低档系统中实现帝时的仿Ｐｈｏｎｇ浓淡效果。     

Situation normal [Gourand and Phong shading]

Two of the most famous graphics techniques, derived from shading algorithms by Henri Gouraud and Bui Tuong Phong, have been implemented in hardware and software worldwide. Both methods use various hacks to smooth out the shading of a polygonal surface. So rather than looking like an assembly of flat slabs, a smooth-shaded model seems smoother. The sharp creases between polygons are gone, replaced by a continuous change in tone or color. But if the original polygons aren't being rendered directly, then the shading doesn't correspond to the original model. What model does it correspond to? In other words, what is the smooth surface which, when rendered accurately, has the same appearance as a Phong shaded polygonal model? Phong normal interpolation is the process of computing a point's surface normal by linear interpolation of the components of two normals at either end of a line containing that point. This normal may then be used as part of a shading equation that takes into account specular highlights in an empirical manner, Phong illumination. Throughout this article, I deal only with perfectly diffuse surfaces lit by a single light source, so Phong illumination isn't part of the discussion. We assume that the light source is conveniently located at infinity. Gourand shading means the process of interpolating a color component to find intermediate color values across a polygon. Phong shading means interpolating surface normals to find intermediate normals that we can then evaluate with respect to the light source to find a color for that point     

一种快速的浓淡算洁及其实现

高逼真度浓淡效果的生成需要巨大的运算量，这使其很难用于实时计算机成象（ＣＩＧ）系统．本文从几何角度出发，在对整个三角形面元进行角度的增量化线性内插基础上，提出了一种具有高光效果的浓淡图形实时绘制算法，并给出了其硬件实现方法．     

基于分形与纹理映射的3D地形仿真

文章研究了基于分形与纹理映射技术的3D地形仿真技术.该技术通过分形插值算法与DEM数据矩阵的线性变换构建出各类特征的地形模型,并利用分形纹理及位图纹理,通过纹理映射技术及光照模型仿真出平原、高山、草地、海洋等各类地形地貌,实现了具有逼真效果的3D地形的视景仿真,并可运用交互技术实现在视景终端以任意角度和高度进行观察.研究结果表明,文中提出的基于分形与纹理映射的地形仿真技术,方法简洁,地形生成速度快,地形、地貌仿真效果逼真生动,适用范围广,具有很好的应用价值.