ZK61镁合金的磨损性能

在MDW-02高速往复摩擦磨损试验机上,通过设置不同参数的滑动干摩擦实验,研究了载荷、滑动速度和时间对时效态ZK61镁合金磨损性能的影响,并绘制了磨损机制转变图。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对磨损试样表面形貌进行了分析,结果表明,当滑动速度(0.12m/s)一定时,ZK61镁合金的磨损量随着载荷和时间的增加而增加,载荷愈大,磨损愈严重,在120N、60min时发生轻微磨损向严重磨损的转变。当滑动时间(20min)一定时,ZK61镁合金的磨损形式随着滑动速度和载荷的增大而发生变化。当滑动速度(0.12m/s)较小时,在不同载荷(50~150N)下均表现为轻微磨损;当滑动速度为0.24m/s,载荷超过100N后磨损进入严重磨损阶段;当滑动速度(0.36m/s)较大时,均表现为严重磨损。     

镁合金AZ31的磨损性能研究

研究了滑动干摩擦条件下载荷和时间对镁合金AZ31磨损性能的影响.采用扫描电镜观察分析了磨损表面,讨论了不同载荷下的主要磨损形式.结果表明:合金的磨损质量损失在不同的载荷下均随磨损时间的增加而呈线性增加,载荷增加使磨损失重增加更显著.分析认为随载荷增加磨损形式经历了由氧化磨损,磨粒磨损到剥落磨损的变化过程.     

GCr15及G20CrNi2Mo轴承钢材料微观组织和摩擦磨损性能研究

为了探究不同轴承钢在不同载荷和速度下的摩擦磨损性能,使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、洛氏硬度计等对GCr15高碳轴承钢和G20CrNi2Mo渗碳轴承的钢组织、物相及硬度进行了表征,利用UMT摩擦磨损试验机对轴承钢材料进行了不同条件下的干摩擦磨损实验,并分析了其磨损性能.结果表明:在该实验条件下,GCr15高碳轴承钢和G20CrNi2Mo渗碳轴承钢磨擦系数和磨损随着载荷的增加而减少,随摩擦速度的增加而增加;且摩擦速度较低时,GCr15 高碳轴承钢的摩擦磨损性能优于 G20CrNi2Mo 渗碳轴承钢,而当摩擦速度为0. 17 m·s-1时, G20CrNi2Mo渗碳轴承钢磨损性能优于GCr15高碳轴承钢.磨损机制结果表明,两种轴承钢干摩擦机制均为粘着磨损和磨粒磨损,且G20CrNi2Mo渗碳钢表面粘着磨损程度较严重.     

Cu-Ag-Fe合金的电接触滑动磨损的研究

为改善接触线的耐磨性能,在Cu-Ag合金中添加微量Fe元素制备了Cu-Ag-Fe合金接触线,研究了电流强度、滑动速度和载荷对Cu-Ag-Fe合金的磨损形貌及磨损率的影响.实验结果表明：随电流强度、滑动速度和载荷的增加,合金的质量磨损率明显增加.磨损形貌表明,在受电滑动条件下,磨损形式以粘着磨损、磨粒磨损和电侵蚀磨损为主...     

三维编织碳/环氧复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究

采用RTM工艺制备了不同纤维体积比的三维编织碳／环氧（C3D／EP）复合材料。采用MM－200摩擦磨损试验机对其摩擦磨损特性进行了研究,并对C3D／EP复合材料的磨损机理进行了分析。结果表明,纤维体积比载荷和滑动速度对复合材料的摩擦系数和磨痕宽度均有明显的影响;C3D／EP复合材料的磨损机理主要为疲劳磨损和粘着磨损,当载荷或速度较小时,以疲劳磨损为主,反之则以粘着磨损为主。     

AZ80A、ZK60A和ME20M镁合金干摩擦学性能研究

镁合金被广泛应用于航空航天、汽车及军事等领域,但其摩擦学性能对零部件的服役寿命和可靠性具有重大影响.本研究采用往复式球-盘摩擦方式,通过与GCr15钢球配副,研究干摩擦条件下AZ80A、ZK60A和ME20M镁合金在不同滑动速度和载荷条件下的摩擦磨损行为.采用扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪分析镁合金的显微结构及磨损机理.结果表明:当滑动速度超过0.10 m/s时,随着速度的增加,合金的摩擦系数逐渐降低,而磨损率则先减小后增大,其原因在于摩擦热的作用导致摩擦表面形成了氧化物,同时材料表面软化,剪切力降低,使摩擦系数和磨损率不断减小;当滑动速度增加到0.20 m/s时,摩擦表面温度升高,金属软化导致磨损表面金属氧化物剥落,增大了合金的磨损率.随着载荷的增加,合金的摩擦系数和磨损率持续降低.干摩擦条件下镁合金的磨损机理逐渐由磨粒磨损和塑性变形转变为磨粒磨损、氧化磨损、粘着磨损和塑性变形.与ZK60A和ME20M相比,AZ80A镁合金表现出较好的摩擦学性能,这归因于合金的高硬度、β-Mg17 Al12硬质相的支撑作用以及摩擦过程中形成的氧化物.     

空心微珠-碳纤维共混改性聚酰亚胺复合材料的摩擦学性能

通过模压成型制备了碳纤维与空心微珠共混改性的聚酰亚胺复合材料, 采用MRH-3型摩擦磨损试验机研究了空心微珠含量、滑动速度及载荷对复合材料摩擦学性能的影响, 并对其磨损形貌及机制进行了分析。结果表明: 空心微珠-碳纤维/聚酰亚胺复合材料摩擦学性能优于其单独填充的聚酰亚胺基复合材料; 空心微珠含量对共混改性的复合材料摩擦系数影响不大, 但其磨损率随着空心微珠含量的增加先减小后增大; 15%空心微珠-10%碳纤维(质量分数)共混增强的复合材料的减摩耐磨性能最佳; 随着滑动速度提高, 空心微珠-碳纤维/聚酰亚胺复合材料的摩擦系数下降, 磨损率增大; 空心微珠-碳纤维/聚酰亚胺复合材料摩擦系数随着载荷增加先下降后上升, 而磨损率则随着载荷增加而增大; 空心微珠-碳纤维/聚酰亚胺的主要磨损机制在较低载荷时为磨粒磨损, 在较高载荷时为粘着磨损和磨粒磨损。     

空心微珠-碳纤维共混改性聚酰亚胺复合材料的摩擦学性能

通过模压成型制备了碳纤维与空心微珠共混改性的聚酰亚胺复合材料,采用MRH-3型摩擦磨损试验机研究了空心微珠含量、滑动速度及载荷对复合材料摩擦学性能的影响,并对其磨损形貌及机制进行了分析.结果表明:空心微珠-碳纤维/聚酰亚胺复合材料摩擦学性能优于其单独填充的聚酰亚胺基复合材料;空心微珠含量对共混改性的复合材料摩擦系数影响不大,但其磨损率随着空心微珠含量的增加先减小后增大;15％空心微珠-10％碳纤维(质量分数)共混增强的复合材料的减摩耐磨性能最佳;随着滑动速度提高,空心微珠-碳纤维/聚酰亚胺复合材料的摩擦系数下降,磨损率增大;空心微珠-碳纤维/聚酰亚胺复合材料摩擦系数随着载荷增加先下降后上升,而磨损率则随着载荷增加而增大;空心微珠-碳纤维/聚酰亚胺的主要磨损机制在较低载荷时为磨粒磨损,在较高载荷时为粘着磨损和磨粒磨损.     

聚乙烯醇水凝胶/不锈钢摩擦性能研究

利用球-盘摩擦试验机研究润滑状态、载荷、滑动速度和不锈钢球直径对PVA水凝胶/不锈钢球摩擦副摩擦系数的影响.研究结果表明PVA凝胶内的自由水对摩擦副起着良好的润滑作用.在摩擦的起始阶段,干摩擦和润滑剂润滑状态下的摩擦系数相差甚微,随摩擦时间的延长,干摩擦状态下的摩擦系数在短时间内急剧上升,而润滑剂润滑状态下的摩擦系数基本保持不变;摩擦副的摩擦系数随滑动速度和不锈钢球直径的增加而下降,当滑动速度从45r/min升至225r/min时,摩擦副的摩擦系数下降54.24%;摩擦系数随载荷的增加而上升,但在低载荷区,摩擦副的摩擦系数的上升速率明显大于其在高载荷区的上升速率.随着载荷的增加,凝胶中自由水对摩擦副的润滑作用逐渐增强.     

润滑条件下三维编织炭复合材料的摩擦学特性

采用MM-200型摩擦磨损试验机研究了润滑条件下三维编织炭/环氧复合材料的摩擦磨损性能,探讨了载荷及滑动速度等外界因素的影响;并采用XL30 ESEM电子显微镜观察磨损表面形貌,分析了其磨损机理.结果表明,润滑条件下复合材料的摩擦磨损性能远优于干摩擦,且磨合期较短;随着载荷的增加,复合材料的摩擦系数和比磨损率降低,但滑动速度对摩擦磨损性能的影响很小;润滑条件下的磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损.     

Tribological behavior at elevated temperature of multilayer TiCN/TiC/TiN hard coatings produced by chemical vapor deposition

Multilayer hard coatings of TiCN/TiC/TiN on high speed steel substrates were deposited using a chemical vapor deposition system. Evaluations of microstructure, wear morphology of coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, and optical microscopy. Friction coefficient and wear rates of coatings were investigated using ball-on-disk tester sliding against a WC ball at a constant load of 20 N. Tribological behavior of the coatings at room and elevated temperature were discussed. Different changing tendency of friction coefficient were observed from ball-on-disc experiments. Results showed that the friction coefficient of coatings increased gradually to a highest value, then to a relatively constant value at room temperature dry sliding wear. The friction coefficient exhibited a reverse variation tendency at temperature of 550 °C. It got a higher value at the first sliding friction cycles. Then the value of friction coefficient decreased, suffered irregular oscillations and kept a relatively lower value with increasing sliding time. Reasons of the variation of friction coefficient with sliding time and wear mechanism were analyzed and discussed at room and elevated temperatures, respectively.     

火焰喷涂FEP涂层的制备及其摩擦行为

利用火焰喷涂设备制备了FEP涂层,并对涂层的组成结构和摩擦学性能进行了评价.研究结果表明:经过对磨屑和FEP原料的红外测试,发现涂层无明显的降解和氧化;FEP涂层在与CCr15钢球对磨时,表现出优良的摩擦学性能.涂层的摩擦系数随着载荷的增大而降低;在相同载荷下,随着速度的增加,摩擦系数有逐步降低的趋势;相同载荷下,FEP涂层在低速情况下的磨损呈现出明显的粘着磨损迹象;在高速情况下,涂层迅速发生塑性变形,对偶与涂层之间类似抛光作用.     

低能载条件下C/C复合材料滑动摩擦磨损性能

采用MM-200型环-块摩擦磨损试验机测试了针刺碳毡增强C/C复合材料试样在不同载荷和转速条件下的摩擦磨损性能,借助数码显微镜和扫描电镜观察分析了摩擦表面形貌。结果表明:当转速较低时,摩擦系数比较稳定,磨损率随载荷提高而增大;当转速较高时,低载荷试样摩擦系数不大,磨损率有所增加,而高载荷试样的摩擦系数在5分钟左右时出现峰值然后回落并保持稳定,磨损率急剧增加,说明磨损机制发生变化;摩擦面平行于X-Y向的C/C复合材料磨损率较小,具有较好的摩擦磨损性能。     

Differences in dry sliding wear behavior between HVAF-sprayed amorphous steel and crystalline stainless steel coatings

Dry sliding wear behavior of amorphous steel coating(ASC) and crystalline stainless steel coating(SSC)manufactured by high-velocity-air-fuel-spraying was investigated. With increasing normal load, coefficient of friction(COF) of ASC decreases slightly from 0.78 to 0.69. COF of SSC presents a minor difference under various normal loads but increases with sliding time accompanied by relatively large fluctuation.Such a difference in friction behavior between such two coatings can be understood based upon the roles of shear stress and flash temperature. Wear rate of SSC is much higher than that of ASC, suggesting better wear resistance of ASC. The enhanced wear resistance is correlated with high hardness(H), reduced Young's modulus(E_r), and ratios of H/Erand H~3/E_r~2. Detailed analyses on worn surfaces and sub-surfaces indicate that the wear mechanisms for ASC include delamination, abrasive and oxidation wear, whereas those for SSC are delamination and oxidation.     

飞灰颗粒增强铝基复合材料的摩擦与磨损特性

对挤压铸造制成的飞灰颗粒增强ZL109复合材料在不同条件下的摩擦磨损特性进行了研究。研究结果表明:在较低载荷和较低滑动速度下,该复合材料的耐磨性明显优越于基体铝合金,摩擦系数也稳定地低于基体铝合金,并且随飞灰含量的增加复合材料的耐磨性有所提高;在较高载荷和较高滑动速度下,同基体铝合金相比复合材料耐磨性的改善程度有所降低,但复合材料的摩擦系数仍可以保持较低的水平。这是由于随着载荷和滑动速度的变化,复合材料的磨损机制发生了转化。本文对该过程中的磨损机制的转化进行了初步分析。     

Sliding behaviour of nanophased AISI M2 tool steel obtained by mechanomaking and hot isostatic pressing

Abstract

The friction and wear behaviour of a nanophased AISI grade M2 tool steel was studied under dry sliding conditions and compared with that of a conventional AISI M2 steel. The nanocrystalline steel was produced by mechanosynthesis followed by cold and hot isostatic pressing. Slider-on-cylinder tests were performed against a ceramic coated countermaterial under loads of 10, 20, and 30 N and sliding speeds of 0.3 and 1.2 m s^-1 up to 10 km sliding distance. The nanocrystalline material underwent mild wear with low coefficient of friction under all testing conditions. The commercial M2 steel displayed distance dependent transitions from a regime of mild wear with low coefficient of friction, to a regime of severe wear with high coefficient of friction. The first tribological regime was due to the formation of a layer of iron oxides on the worn surfaces. In this regime, the wear resistance of both steels is mainly dominated by the mechanical properties of the carbides which have high load carrying capability. The second tribological regime, observed in the commercial steel, was due to the formation of cracks both on the mechanically mixed layer and at a depth beneath this layer, which also led to the detachment of carbides from the matrix. This abrasive ‘third body’ produced high wear damage of the commercial steel under high applied loads.     

纳米TiO2填充聚醚砜酮复合材料的摩擦学性能

采用热压成型的方法制备了纳米TiO2填充聚醚砜酮(PPESK)复合材料，在MM—2000摩擦磨损试验机上考察了干摩擦条件下纳米TiO2含量以及试验载荷对复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响，并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察分析PPESK及纳米TiO2／PPESK复合材料磨损表面形貌及磨损机理。结果表明，添加少量纳米TiO2即可以明显提高PPESK的耐磨性，当纳米TiO2含量超过2．5％(体积)时，其耐磨性随填料含量变化不明显，载荷对纳米TiO2填充PPESK复合材料磨损率的影响不大。在低含量时(＜2．5％)，纳米TiO2具有减摩效果，高含量时反而比未填充时大；随量载荷的增加，填充PPESK的摩擦系数显著降低。     

Improved mechanical and tribological properties of A356 reinforced by MWCNTs

The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) content on microstructure and dry sliding wear behavior of hypo-eutectic A356Al–Si alloy Metal Matrix Nano-Composites (MMNCs). Composites containing 0.5, 1.5, and 2.5 wt.% MWCNTs were prepared by rheocasting technique followed by squeeze casting. Characterization of nanocomposites was done by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), dry sliding wear tests were performed in a pin-on-disk wear tester against a steel disk at various speeds and normal loads. Results revealed that a decrease in both wear rate and friction coefficient of the nanocomposites considerably with the increase of MWCNT's content. The formation of the hard compact transfer layer on the pin surface nanocomposites assisted in increasing the wear resistance of these materials. It is that the transfer layer which was formed under an applied load of 20 N can act as a protective layer and help in reducing the wear rate. The results indicate the nano composites could be used in light-weight applications where moderate strength and wear properties are needed.     

Friction and wear behavior of carbon nanotubes reinforced polyamide 6 composites under dry sliding and water lubricated condition

The friction and wear behavior of carbon nanotube reinforced polyamide 6 (PA6/CNT) composites under dry sliding and water lubricated condition was comparatively investigated using a pin-on-disc wear tester at different normal loads. The morphologies of the worn surfaces and counterfaces of the composites were also observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that CNTs could improve the wear resistance and reduce the friction coefficient of PA6 considerably under both sliding conditions, due to the effective reinforcing and self-lubricating effects of CNTs on the PA6 matrix. The composites exhibited lower friction coefficient and higher wear rate under water lubricated condition than under dry sliding. Although the cooling and boundary lubrication effect of the water contributed to reduce the friction coefficient of the composites, the adsorbed water lowered the strength of the composites and also inhibited the formation of transfer layers on the counterfaces resulting in less wear resistance. With the increasing normal loads, the friction coefficient of the composites increased under the dry sliding and decreased under the water lubricated condition, owing to inconsistent influences of shear strength and real contact areas. The specific wear rate of the composites increased under both sliding conditions.