谐波误差对N（N〉3）点均布测量圆参数的影响

用严密的数学理论和误差理论，推导出了在三坐标测量机上采用多点均布测量圆零件的圆心位置和半径时，选择不同的测量点数，谐波误差对测量结果产生不同的影响，给出了测量点数的选择方法     

浅议误差的分配

在计量测试工作中，进行选择测量方案时，常遇到总误差在被限定的条件下来确定各测量值的误差，这就是要解决误差分配的问题。由于系统误差可以用修正方法消除，为简化问题，这里只讨论直接测量中主要是随机误差，并且随机误差近似为正态分布的情况。设间接测量的函数形式...     

齿轮滚刀螺旋线误差的测量与计算

文章介绍了在3906型CNC齿轮测量中心上测量齿轮滚刀螺旋线误差的方法，主要讨论了计算机测量控制数学模型和误差计算的方法。     

红外测量系统动态测角误差分析

介绍了一种光电测量设备红外测量系统动态测角误差检测方法，该方法是通过将红外系统测量数据与主摄影系统测量数据相比对，并对红外系统与主摄影系统平行度进行了定点修正，且与主摄影系统动态测角误差合成后实现的，叙述了检测设备的组成、检测方法、数据处理过程及测量结果，这一检测方法适用于具有摄影系统的光电测量设备的红外系统和电视系统等其它分系统动态测角误差的检测。     

双运动副误差分离技术在圆度测量中的应用

基于对传统误差分离技术的研究，本文作者提出了一种新的“双运动副”误差分离技术，把它应用于圆度误差的测量中，可以克服传统方法带来的不足．仅利用一个传感头，进行一次安装调整就可简单方便地实现圆度误差的测量．分离掉主轴的回转误差，获得反映工件圆度误差的精确值．     

同轴度误差的解析评定法与仿真研究

在介绍符合定义的同轴度误差解析评定法的基础上，着重对该方法进行了仿真研究，分析了安装误差、测量系统中的直行运支误差及其对仪器回转轴线的闰行度误差等对同轴度误差测量结果的影响。文中建立的同轴度误差解析评定数学模型和得出的结论为同轴度误差测量信和在线测量系统的研究提供了理论基础。     

大型斜齿轮齿向误差在位测量的新方法研究

本文提出了一种用空间直线作为测量基淮对被测大型斜齿轮齿向误差进行在线测量的新方法，给出了该方法的测量原理和数学模型，并讨论了通过误差分解得到相邻两齿面齿向误差的方法．     

锥体棱镜角度误差的一种测量方法

本文详细推导了锥体棱镜的综合偏差与其三直角误差的关系，给出了利用泰曼－格林干涉仪进行测量的光路图和测量实例。计算结果表明，此方法测量直角相对误差小于１％。     

浅析定线测量的误差分析

定线测量在实践中有着广泛的运用，然而一旦出现测量偏差，也会产生严重影响。因此在测量过程中，精度的保证是十分必要的。本文首先阐述了定线测量中误差的来源，通过分析各误差的产生原因，给出了降低误差的对策及方法，从而为实际定线测量给出了参考依据。     

谈谈间接测量的误差分配

在计量测试工作中，进行选择测量方案时，常遇到总误差被限定的条件下来确定各测量值的误差，这就是误差分配要解决的问题。由于系统误差可以用修正方法消除，为简化问题，只讨论直接测量中的随机误差及随机误差近似正态分布的情况。间接测量的函数形式：ｙ＝ｆ（ｘ１，ｘ...     

检定和校准证书的异同与应用

本文介绍了检定和校准以及证书的两点相同、五点不同之处,说明了对检定证书和校准证书的正确应用。     

Synthesis and luminescent properties of alkali-metal and ammonium fluorosulfatozirconates and fluorosulfatohafnates

We have synthesized a variety of alkali-metal and ammonium fluorosulfatometallates (titanates, zirconates, and hafnates). The alkali fluorosulfatozirconates and fluorosulfatohafnates have been shown to exhibit efficient roentgenoluminescence (RL) in the UV through visible spectral region, with a maximum at 390–440 nm. Their RL spectra depend significantly on their composition (cation, anion, and water content), coordination of KF and K₂SO₄, and relative amounts of fluorine and SO₄ groups. We have examined the effect of heat treatment on the RL of these compounds. The rubidium and cesium fluorosulfatozirconates Rb₃Zr₂F₉SO₄ · 2H₂O, Cs₂ZrF₂(SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O, Cs₈Zr₄F₂(SO₄)₁₁ · 16H₂O, and Cs₂ZrF₄SO₄ offer the most efficient RL.     

Heat and Mass Transfer and Modeling and Prediction of Environmental Catastrophes

Basic definitions and concepts of the physicomathematical theory of natural catastrophes are given. Possibilities of mathematical modeling of natural and technogenic catastrophes are discussed in the context of the theory of heat and mass transfer and the mechanics of reacting media. The importance of taking into account conjugate heat and mass exchange in modeling catastrophes is emphasized. A formula for evaluating the probability of a collisional catastrophe is given.     

凝固科学技术与材料

从凝固科学与实践发展的角度介绍了当前凝固材料体系的基本框架和凝固科学主要发展阶段的基本理论。作为材料科学与工程的基本组成，凝固科学技术正在现代科学理论的基础上针对传统材料的改性提高和新材料的发展需求，以控形、控构、控性为目标开展优质铸件的定向、晶体生长、快凝、深过冷及各种新型和超常领域凝固过程的研究，并介绍了其中某些方面和展望了可能的发展趋势。     

Multi-ferroic and magnetoelectric materials and interfaces

The existence of multiple ferroic orders in the same material and the coupling between them have been known for decades. However, these phenomena have mostly remained the theoretical domain owing to the fact that in single-phase materials such couplings are rare and weak. This situation has changed dramatically recently for at least two reasons: first, advances in materials fabrication have made it possible to manufacture these materials in structures of lower dimensionality, such as thin films or wires, or in compound structures such as laminates and epitaxial-layered heterostructures. In these designed materials, new degrees of freedom are accessible in which the coupling between ferroic orders can be greatly enhanced. Second, the miniaturization trend in conventional electronics is approaching the limits beyond which the reduction of the electronic element is becoming more and more difficult. One way to continue the current trends in computer power and storage increase, without further size reduction, is to use multi-functional materials that would enable new device capabilities. Here, we review the field of multi-ferroic (MF) and magnetoelectric (ME) materials, putting the emphasis on electronic effects at ME interfaces and MF tunnel junctions.     

CellML and associated tools and techniques

We have, in the last few years, witnessed the development and availability of an ever increasing number of computer models that describe complex biological structures and processes. The multi-scale and multi-physics nature of these models makes their development particularly challenging, not only from a biological or biophysical viewpoint but also from a mathematical and computational perspective. In addition, the issue of sharing and reusing such models has proved to be particularly problematic, with the published models often lacking information that is required to accurately reproduce the published results. The International Union of Physiological Sciences Physiome Project was launched in 1997 with the aim of tackling the aforementioned issues by providing a framework for the modelling of the human body. As part of this initiative, the specifications of the CellML mark-up language were released in 2001. Now, more than 7 years later, the time has come to assess the situation, in particular with regard to the tools and techniques that are now available to the modelling community. Thus, after introducing CellML, we review and discuss existing editors, validators, online repository, code generators and simulation environments, as well as the CellML Application Program Interface. We also address possible future directions including the need for additional mark-up languages.     

热交换器的分类及优缺点分析

热交换器是将不同温度介质之间的热量通过热传导的形式,由高温介质传递给低温介质,使介质达到生产所需温度的工艺设备,也可作为一种节能设备使用.通过对不同热交换器的结构分析,总结不同热交换器的优缺点、适用环境,为生产工艺设计人员及设备制造单位在选择可降低能耗、提高效率的设备上提供参考.