室温下纳米Cu3（BTC）2的配位调控合成

室温条件下,通过配位调控方法合成了MOF家族中非常重要的成员Cu3(BTC)2(也称为HKUST-1,BTC为均苯三甲酸根)。通过调变反应体系的浓度,成功地获得了50～200nm的Cu3(BTC)2晶体。粉末XRD、TGA测试结果显示产物具有高的结晶度及良好的热稳定性,N2吸附测试结果表明产物具有高的比表面积及孔容积。这种具有高的气体吸附能力的小尺寸粒子在实际过程中将有重要的应用前景。     

铜基MOF的制备及其吸附性能

为降低市场上铜基MOF（如HKUST-1）的制备成本,采用水热合成法,使用价格低廉的苯甲酸（BA）部分代替均苯三甲酸（H3BTC）制备HKUST-1,利用XRD、SEM和N2吸附脱附测试等对产物的结构和形貌进行了表征,同时考察了产物对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能。结果表明,在H3BTC与BA的摩尔比为3:1时,样品HKUST-1的性价比最高,其BET比表面积为1129.311 m2/g,对亚甲基蓝的最大吸附量可达402.501 mg/g。通过调整H3BTC与BA的摩尔比,可以成功制备高性能低成本的HKUST-1。     

氨基化Cu_3(BTC)_2的制备、表征及其催化性能研究

采用3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷为修饰剂制备了氨基化Cu3(BTC)2,用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)和氮气吸附等对材料的结构和形貌进行了表征,并考察了材料在苯甲醛和氰基乙酸乙酯的Knoevenagel缩合反应中的催化反应性能。研究结果表明,氨基化的Cu3(BTC)2材料保持原始Cu3(BTC)2材料的结构和形貌。而且,氨基和金属不饱和位点(Cu2+)具有协同催化作用,在Knoevenagel缩合反应中比Cu3(BTC)2表现出更高的反应活性和选择性。反应1h产率为90%,循环使用3次,活性没有明显降低。本研究为金属有机骨架材料的功能化和应用提供了新思路。     

稀土金属有机骨架材料对染料的吸附性能研究

以均苯三甲酸和六水合硝酸钇(Ⅲ)为原料,合成了一种稀土金属有机骨架材料Y(BTC)(H2O)(Y-BTC)。通过XRD对材料的物相进行表征,并采用紫外可见分光光度计研究了刚果红的初始浓度、吸附作用时间、溶液pH、背景离子和Y(BTC)(H2O)活化等因素对其吸附性能的影响。结果表明,Y(BTC)(H2O)对刚果红的吸附量随着刚果红初始浓度的增加而逐渐增大,并且酸性溶液和活化有利于Y(BTC)(H2O)对刚果红的吸附。K+、Na+、Li+3种背景离子的存在不利于Y(BTC)(H2O)对刚果红溶液的吸附,这是由于它们会与刚果红抢占Y(BTC)(H2O)上的吸附位点,并占据Y(BTC)(H2O)孔道而减少Y(BTC)(H2O)与刚果红的接触机会。Y(BTC)(H2O)对刚果红的吸附过程符合Freundlich等温吸附模型和准二级动力学模型。     

Cu3(BTC)2对PDMS/PEI复合膜气体分离的改性研究

将金属骨架化合物(MOFs) ——Cu3(BTC)2填充到聚二甲基硅氧烷中,制备聚二甲基硅氧烷/聚醚酰亚胺(PDMS/PEI)非对称平板复合膜,进行了4种气体O2、N2、CO2及CH4的渗透过程研究,考察了Cu3 (BTC)2填充量及操作条件对膜分离性能的影响.结果表明,随Cu3 (BTC)2填充量的增加,4种气体的渗透通量及O2/N2、CO2/N2和CO2/CH4的分离系数较未改性的复合膜均有所提高,其中填充量为25％的改性复合膜获得了较优的效果;随操作压力的升高,气体的渗透通量增大而分离系数略有上升;随操作温度的升高,气体的渗透通量增大,CO2/N2和O2/N2的分离系数有所下降,而CO2/CH4的分离系数略有增加.     

二元金属类水滑石的合成及其作为前驱体对NOx的吸附性能研究

用共沉淀法合成了多种二元金属类水滑石化合物,对其进行了XRD、IR表征,并测试了焙烧产物对NOx的吸附性能.结果表明,合成的样品都具有典型的水滑石层状结构;二元金属类水滑石化合物MAl-HTlcs(M=Cu,Mg,Zn,Co,Ni)对NOx均具有良好的吸附性能,其中锌铝型类水滑石(摩尔比Zn/Al=3)对NOx的吸附速率及饱和吸附量最大,饱和吸附量为1851mg/g.     

镧系金属有机骨架/聚酰亚胺复合材料的制备及其性能

采用水热法合成两种含镧系稀土金属的金属有机骨架：1,3,5-均苯三甲酸铽（Tb （BTC））和1,3,5-均苯三甲酸铕（Eu （BTC））,采用原位法以1,4-双（2-三氟甲基-4-氨基苯氧基）苯（6FAPB）和1,2,3,4-环丁烷四酸二酐（CBDA）为单体,将Tb （BTC）和Eu （BTC）分别引入到聚酰亚胺（PI）中,制备出Tb （BTC）和Eu （BTC）质量分数分别为7wt%的Tb （BTC）/PI和Eu （BTC）/PI两种复合材料膜。利用FTIR、紫外-可见光谱仪（UV-vis）、TGA、XRD、SEM、万能拉伸试验机和气体渗透性测试等对Tb （BTC）/PI和Eu （BTC）/PI复合材料的结构和性能进行表征。研究结果表明,Tb （BTC）和Eu （BTC）含有较少的孔结构,且孔径在介孔范围,但热稳定性较高。Tb （BTC）和Eu （BTC）的加入提高了Tb （BTC）/PI和Eu （BTC）/PI复合材料的热性能和力学性能,玻璃化转变温度由纯PI （6FAPB-CBDA）的351.9℃分别提高到358.0℃和354.8℃,失重5%热分解温度由431.6℃分别提高到447.8℃和441.1℃,拉伸强度由60.8 MPa分别提高到77.7 MPa和70.4 MPa,杨氏模量由1.54 GPa分别提高到2.80 GPa和2.17 GPa。但Tb （BTC）/PI和Eu （BTC）/PI复合材料膜的光透明性有所降低,500 nm处的光透过率由82.3%分别下降到23.0%和24.2%。气体渗透测试结果表明,Tb （BTC）和Eu （BTC）的加入均可提高PI （6FAPB-CBDA）膜的气体渗透性,Eu （TBC）/PI对H₂、O₂、N₂和CO₂的渗透性较高,分别为119.23、15.02、3.21和90.35 Barrer,O₂/N₂为4.68,CO₂/N₂为28.15。     

配位聚合物Cu_3(BTC)_2的制备及对废水中活性大红染料的高效去除

用配位调控法在室温下制备了配位聚合物材料Cu_3(BTC)_2。通过粉末XRD、SEM、N_2吸附、TGA等手段对样品的物相、形貌和比表面积及热稳定性进行了表征。结果表明,制备的配位聚合物材料Cu_3(BTC)_2为球形纳米颗粒,BET比表面积为1 183m~2/g。考察了Cu_3(BTC)_2对活性大红染料废水的处理效果,探讨了吸附剂加入量、pH值、活性大红初始浓度及反应时间对吸附过程的影响。结果表明,吸附剂Cu_3(BTC)_2对活性大红染料具有较高的吸附性能,平衡吸附量可达83.33mg/g。吸附等温线拟合结果较好的符合Langmuir模型,动力学研究结果表明吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型。     

原位晶化法在铜网上快速合成Cu3(BTC)2基膜及其催化性能研究

在常温条件下, 采用原位晶化法在铜网载体上合成了包含Keggin型杂多酸H₃PMo₁₂O₄₀的Cu₃(BTC)₂(BTC= 1, 3, 5-均苯三甲酸)基金属-有机框架膜材料。利用XRD、FT-IR和SEM等方法对膜的结构、成分及形貌进行了表征。含磷钼杂多酸的Cu₃(BTC)₂基薄膜均匀地覆盖在铜丝表面上, 膜厚度约为8 μm, 晶体尺寸均一, 且融合生长。合成过程中, 经过预处理的铜网本身既是载体又是铜源。研究发现加入H₂O₂能有效地促进膜的合成。铜网负载的薄膜作为非均相催化剂, 在H₂O₂氧化降解罗丹明B的化学反应中表现出很高的催化活性, 反应100 min后, 降解率可达98%。膜催化剂重复使用三次, 均表现出较高的催化性能。     

溶剂热还原法制备纳米Cu2O及其光催化性能

以Cu(CH3COO)2.2H2O为原料,乙二醇为溶剂和还原剂,通过溶剂热还原法制备纳米Cu2O。通过X射线衍射分析(XRD)对产物进行表征。结果表明,反应温度、反应时间和Cu(CH3COO)2初始浓度对产物Cu2O的结晶程度和晶粒大小有着重要的影响。以甲基橙溶液为模拟废水,研究纳米晶Cu2O在可见光照射下的光催化活性。实验表明,制备的Cu2O样品在可见光下具有高的光催化活性,可见光催化活性优于商业P25 TiO2光催化剂。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.