新型石墨烯复合材料的研究进展

石墨烯复合材料具有不同的结构和组成,包括石墨烯/聚合物、石墨烯/金属、石墨烯/金属氧化物等二元复合材料以及石墨烯/无机材料/聚合物三元复合材料.它们优异的物理和化学性质,在众多领域内显示出广阔的应用前景,如储能、传感器、催化剂载体和电极材料等领域.制备具有新颖结构和组成的石墨烯材料及其应用研究已经成为复合材料领域的研究前沿和热点之一.综述了新型石墨烯复合材料的制备、组成以及应用的研究进展,探讨了该研究领域亟待解决的问题以及今后可能的发展前景.     

氧化石墨烯/壳聚糖生物复合材料的制备及应用研究进展

氧化石墨烯/壳聚糖复合材料是近几年发展的一种新型生物复合材料,具有独特的力学性能、吸附性能、电化学性能以及抗菌性能等。本文综述了近几年来氧化石墨烯/壳聚糖复合材料的研究进展,简单介绍了该复合材料的制备方法,详细阐述了该复合材料在高机械强度材料、废水处理、电化学传感器、生物医学材料等领域的应用研究,最后对氧化石墨烯/壳聚糖复合材料在低成本、大规模制备,复合材料的结构性质以及在新领域的应用等方面进行了展望。     

石墨烯/聚合物复合材料的研究进展

石墨烯是最近几年才发现的炭材料的新成员, 其完美的二维结构和许多奇特的性质, 引起了科学家的极大兴趣。石墨烯和氧化石墨烯的改性以及各种石墨烯/聚合物复合材料的制备成为当前研究的热点之一。与纯的聚合物相比, 石墨烯的加入可赋予复合材料不同的功能性, 不但表现出优异的力学和电学性能, 且具有优良的加工性能, 为复合材料提供了更广阔的应用空间。文中概述了石墨烯/聚合物复合材料的制备方法、结构及性能, 并展望了石墨烯及其聚合物复合材料的研究前景。     

电化学法制备石墨烯和石墨烯/离子液体复合材料研究进展

石墨烯具有独特的二维结构和优异的光学、电学、力学等性能,一直是纳米材料领域的研究热点之一。石墨烯及其复合材料在超级电容器、锂离子电池、太阳能电池等电化学领域有着诱人的应用前景,高质量、高导电性能石墨烯的制备是石墨烯实际应用的关键问题之一。简述了石墨烯常用制备方法,并着重介绍了电化学法制备石墨烯以及石墨烯/离子液体复合材料,并且对石墨烯研究领域的发展趋势进行了总结和展望。     

石墨烯/聚合物纳米复合材料的研究进展

石墨烯与聚合物复合得到的纳米复合材料是具有广阔应用前景的新型材料。介绍了石墨烯的独特结构、性能和制备方法;着重论述了石墨烯/聚合物纳米复合材料的主要制备方法和表征技术,以及这些方法制备出的纳米复合材料在超级电容器、纳米电子器件、储存信息和通信材料等领域的广泛应用。同时也简述了其在现阶段研究中存在的一些问题,指出随着研究的不断深入,石墨烯/聚合物纳米复合材料的应用会逐渐广阔。     

氧化石墨烯及其聚合物复合材料制备的研究进展

石墨烯是一种具有单层蜂窝状二维网格结构的新型材料,具有优异的力学、化学性能。氧化石墨烯(GO)作为氧化-还原法制备石墨烯的中间体,具有较高的比表面积以及石墨烯所不具备的丰富官能团。鉴于官能团的存在,GO具有优良的化学修饰性能,以此可制备性能更高的或具备新性能的GO/聚合物复合材料。文中综述了氧化石墨烯的结构、性能及制备方法,主要介绍了制备GO的Hummers法,比较了GO/聚合物复合材料的不同制备方法,列举了复合材料的性能特点,最后对GO复合材料制备方法的发展和GO/聚合物复合材料的应用前景进行了展望。     

石墨烯复合材料的研究进展

石墨烯以其优异的性能和独特的二维结构成为材料领域研究热点。本文综述了石墨烯的制备方法并分析比较了各种方法的优缺点, 简单介绍了石墨烯的力学、光学、电学及热学性能。基于石墨烯的复合材料是石墨烯应用领域中的重要研究方向, 本文详细介绍了石墨烯聚合物复合材料和石墨烯基无机纳米复合材料的制备及应用, 并特别讨论了石墨烯/块体金属基复合材料的制备方法和其优异性能。     

陶瓷/石墨烯块体复合材料的研究进展

石墨烯是2004年首次成功制备的新型二维碳纳米材料。由于其独特的二维结构和优异的性能, 近年来已成为国内外材料领域的研究热点。本文结合本课题组的相关工作, 综述了石墨烯应用于陶瓷块体复合材料的新近研究成果,包括碳纳米管、SiOC、Al₂O₃以及Si₃N₄等为基体的石墨烯块体复合材料,重点介绍了陶瓷/石墨烯块体复合材料的制备方法、增韧机制以及优异的物化性能, 并探讨了陶瓷/石墨烯块体复合材料的研究发展方向和应用前景。     

石墨烯纳米复合材料的制备及其应用研究进展

石墨烯是近年被发现和合成的一种新型二维碳质纳米材料。由于其独特的结构和新奇的物化性能,在改善复合材料的热性能、力学性能和电性能等方面具有很大的潜力,已成为纳米复合材料研究的热点。本文综述了纳米石墨烯/聚合物复合材料以及纳米石墨烯/无机物复合材料的制备及应用,并对石墨烯纳米复合材料的发展前景进行了展望。     

石墨烯/TiO2纳米复合材料在光催化领域的研究进展

近年来,石墨烯以其独特的结构和优异的性能成为材料科学领域备受关注的研究前沿和热点。由于石墨烯具有超高的载流子迁移率以及超大的比表面积,将石墨烯与传统的光催化材料复合可显著提高复合材料的光催化性能。综述了石墨烯/TiO2纳米复合材料的研究进展,重点阐述了石墨烯/TiO2纳米复合材料的制备方法及其在光催化领域中的应用,并指出石墨烯/TiO2纳米复合材料的光催化机理是今后研究的重点方向。     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Synthesis of Alumina-Zirconia Nanocomposites by Solgel Process

Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were developed starting with the solgel process. Composite alumina-zirconia nanopowders were synthesized from metallorganic precursors (Aluminium secondary butoxide and zirconium Iso propoxide) using the solgel process. The parameters affecting the synthesis—solvent, concentration of precursor, R/H ratio (i.e., dilution of water in solvent)—were varied as also the temperature and pH. BET and TEM were used to measure nanosize. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and also qualitative optical absorption led to identical particle size estimate. The variation of process parameters was used to study the effect and interdependence of process parameters. Artificial Neural Networks was used to rigorously analyze the process. Although this led to confirmation of interdependence of parameters, the presence of a single overwhelming solvent variable was also established. Then the optimal process was used to synthesize more nanopowder. To produce bulk nanocomposite the nanopowders were sintered by varying the temperature and time period. The sintered lithoids were probed with a vickers hardness tester to measure elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness. The results showed high elastic modulus, modest hardness, and very high fracture toughness.     

Friction Stir Processing Strategies for Uniform Distribution of Reinforcement in a Surface Composite

Friction stir processing (FSP) is an important technique for preparing surface composites. Fabricating defect-free surface composites with uniform particle distribution by FSP is a challenging task. In this study, silicon carbide particles reinforced AA5083 alloy surface composites was fabricated using different FSP strategies including variation in process parameters, dual-tool processing and tool offset overlapping. Material flow of the processed material with reinforcement particles demonstrated that the distribution of particles was influenced by the stirring action of the probe as well as the extrusion of the plasticized material due to the movement of the tool. Process parameters, particularly rotational speed, showed a dominant influence on the distribution of silicon carbide particles.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

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