高层建筑气弹模型模态参数识别

以某-492m高的超高层建筑为工程背景,讨论了3种不同方法对风洞试验气动弹性模型的固有频率、固有振型和阻尼比等模态参数的识别效果.首先采用初始激励自由衰减振动试验和频域分析方法(简称"初激励频域法")对该气动弹性模型的模态参数进行了识别.然后以TJ-2风洞中人工紊流风场为环境随机激励源,对该气动弹性模型进行了环境风随机振动试验,并分别采用环境风随机振动频域分析方法和基于响应相关函数的环境风随机振动时域STD方法对其模态参数进行了识别.结果显示:对于固有频率和固有振型,上述3种方法的识别结果比较接近;对于模态阻尼比,初激励自由衰减频域法的识别结果与具有钢芯棒悬臂结构的气动弹性模型模态阻尼比的经验范围相符,但环境风随机振动法的识别结果由于模型振动响应幅值较小而明显偏大.     

汽车燃油箱模态仿真分析及试验验证

汽车刹车时燃油箱内油液晃动产生的噪声会通过空气以及车身结构传递到车厢内,使驾驶员和乘客感到不适。了解油箱的振动特性有助于研究油箱的噪声传递特性。利用Hyper Mesh有限元软件对某型号油箱进行模态仿真分析,计算油箱的自由模态,得到油箱前5阶模态的固有频率和振型。对油箱进行模态试验分析,将所得结果与仿真分析的结果对比,固有频率和振型的吻合验证了油箱有限元模型的正确性。根据模态振型,挑选出油箱表面的典型振动测点,为后续油箱振动测试实验提供依据。     

基于响应协方差小波变换和SVD的结构工作模态参数识别

对系统响应的协方差作小波的时频分解,利用信号互协方差与自协方差的小波变换系数的比值来识别结构的工作模态振型,由矩阵奇异值分解(SVD)从小波变换时频分析结果确定小波脊,通过实际结构多测点数据,利用小波系数比值来反映振型,识别结构各阶工作模态参数(固有频率、阻尼比和振型)。用数值模拟算例和实桥环境振动试验数据对方法进行了验证,并与频域峰值法和时域随机子空间识别方法结果进行了比较,结果表明,该方法可以准确地识别出结构的工作模态参数,特别是阻尼和振型的识别。     

敷设粘弹性材料的溜槽的试验模态分析

针对传统溜槽振动和噪声非常大的情况,设计了内部自由敷设粘弹性阻尼层的溜槽。文中应用了锤击激励法和LMS test. Lab振动测试系统对内部敷设粘弹性阻尼层的溜槽进行了模态试验,得到了前6阶固有频率、阻尼和振型,经过模态置信准则检验,所测试验模态参数真实有效。通过对试验结果的分析发现溜槽出口处的振动为扭转振动和弯曲振动的叠加,加工时应该加强出口处的强度以减小局部振动。研究结果为敷设粘弹性阻尼层的溜槽的优化设计提供了参考。     

基于环境激励的大跨度双主肋混凝土斜拉桥模态的优化识别研究

研究双主肋混凝土主梁采用“三主梁”模型的约束扭转刚度的分配原则和方法。通过研究斜拉桥模态试验的特点，首次提出了在两点移动测点法的基础上，利用梁模型振型函数优化峰值拾取法的模态参数，取得了理想的效果。整桥模态实验结果与计算结果比较表明对双主肋混凝土斜拉桥的动力模型刚度分析准确，振型函数优化识别法是可行的。     

振动试验视频图像测试技术研究

摘要：基于数字视频技术,以普通USB数码摄像头与PC机作为硬件设备设计了视频图像测振系统,采用该测试系统识别了悬挂集中质量的简支梁模型的一阶模态参数。基于Matlab软件编制振动视频采集与图像边缘检测程序,获取梁振动的位移时程曲线,采用模态分析确定简支梁模型的固有频率、阻尼比与振型,试验结果表明采用该测振系统实现低频结构的振动测试是可行的。     

振动试验视频图像测试技术

基于数字视频技术,以普通 USB 数码摄像头与 PC 机作为硬件设备设计视频图像测振系统,采用该测试系统识别悬挂集中质量的简支梁模型的一阶模态参数。基于 Matlab 软件编制振动视频采集与图像边缘检测程序,获取梁振动的位移时程曲线,采用模态分析确定简支梁模型的固有频率、阻尼比与振型,试验结果表明采用该测振系统实现低频结构的振动测试是可行的。     

冰箱压缩机机壳实验模态分析

采用锤击脉冲激励法,对某型号冰箱压缩机机壳进行了实验模态分析,识别了整机壳体的各阶固有频率(1 KHz-4 KHz)、阻尼和模态振型等参数,获得整机壳体的固有振动特性。并以实验模态分析为基础,研究整机壳体的结构动态特性,实验模态分析结果表明:压缩机壳体模态振型以内外扩张振动为主,封闭壳体的固有振动特性是压缩机噪声辐射的主要原因。实验模态分析的结果可为压缩机减振和降噪设计提供参考依据。     

整车动力传动系统弯曲模态实验识别及优化研究

动力传动系统的弯曲共振是导致动力总成或传动系统的失效及车内振动噪声大的重要原因之一。系统的约束方式和状态对其固有频率和振型有重要影响。针对某轻卡在高速行驶工况出现的动力总成附件失效问题进行试验诊断,确定为动力传动系统弯曲共振导致。通过研究不同约束方式对动力转动系弯曲模态的影响,建立最符合整车实际运行状态的弯曲模态识别步骤及方法。结合CAE分析对传动轴进行优化设计,提高其1阶弯曲模态频率,有效地解决了疲劳失效问题,同时改善车内高速轰鸣。     

考虑结合面影响的组合梁非线性预应力模态分析

为了研究结合面非线性特性对机械结构动态性能的影响,利用有限元分析软件,以组合梁结合面为研究对象,首先进行了考虑结合面非线性特性的非线性预应力模态分析,证明了结合面非线性特性对组合梁各阶弯曲振动固有频率有重要影响;然后采用单变量法研究了结合面法向载荷和摩擦系数对组合梁振动特性的影响。研究表明：结合面的法向载荷和摩擦系数都会使组合梁的固有频率降低,其中摩擦系数占主导地位。摩擦系数对组合梁低阶固有频率影响较小,高阶时影响较大。最后进行了模态试验验证,实验表明：模态试验所得组合梁弯曲振型与非线性预应力模态分析法所得振型相吻合,且二者所得固有频率之间的误差在接受范围之内,从而证明了非线性预应力模态分析的可行性。     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Synthesis of Alumina-Zirconia Nanocomposites by Solgel Process

Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were developed starting with the solgel process. Composite alumina-zirconia nanopowders were synthesized from metallorganic precursors (Aluminium secondary butoxide and zirconium Iso propoxide) using the solgel process. The parameters affecting the synthesis—solvent, concentration of precursor, R/H ratio (i.e., dilution of water in solvent)—were varied as also the temperature and pH. BET and TEM were used to measure nanosize. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and also qualitative optical absorption led to identical particle size estimate. The variation of process parameters was used to study the effect and interdependence of process parameters. Artificial Neural Networks was used to rigorously analyze the process. Although this led to confirmation of interdependence of parameters, the presence of a single overwhelming solvent variable was also established. Then the optimal process was used to synthesize more nanopowder. To produce bulk nanocomposite the nanopowders were sintered by varying the temperature and time period. The sintered lithoids were probed with a vickers hardness tester to measure elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness. The results showed high elastic modulus, modest hardness, and very high fracture toughness.     

Friction Stir Processing Strategies for Uniform Distribution of Reinforcement in a Surface Composite

Friction stir processing (FSP) is an important technique for preparing surface composites. Fabricating defect-free surface composites with uniform particle distribution by FSP is a challenging task. In this study, silicon carbide particles reinforced AA5083 alloy surface composites was fabricated using different FSP strategies including variation in process parameters, dual-tool processing and tool offset overlapping. Material flow of the processed material with reinforcement particles demonstrated that the distribution of particles was influenced by the stirring action of the probe as well as the extrusion of the plasticized material due to the movement of the tool. Process parameters, particularly rotational speed, showed a dominant influence on the distribution of silicon carbide particles.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

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