冷轧无取向硅钢冲裁边缘残余应力研究

针对武钢冷轧无取向硅钢,利用纳米压痕法研究了硅钢片冲压后的残余应力,采用Suresh理论模型恒定压深时的公式计算残余应力,测得硅钢残余应力分布,并结合X射线衍射法和冲裁仿真验证其准确性,最后利用有限元软件ABAQUS对压痕过程进行数值模拟和分析。结果表明,纳米压痕技术能有效测量硅钢片冲裁边缘的残余应力分布,硅钢片在冲裁后边缘的应力影响区宽度为0.4~0.5mm。     

异步轧制对硅钢极薄带三次再结晶的影响

分别采用同步和异步轧制将成品工业取向硅钢板冷轧到0.045～0.10mm,然后在纯氢气热处理炉中进行三次再结晶高温退火,研究轧制工艺参数对取向硅钢极薄带织构和磁性能的影响,探索异步轧制对硅钢极薄带三次再结晶行为影响机理.结果表明,采用异步轧制取向硅钢极薄带的磁性能优于同步轧制的;硅钢极薄带厚度愈薄,磁性能愈好,三次再结晶发展得越完善.     

考虑初始残余应力的板料弯曲回弹理论分析

在实际弯曲加工过程中,板料内部如果带有初始残余应力,将与弯曲应力发生叠加,对板料的回弹产生一定的影响。由于传统的回弹理论都没有考虑初始残余应力的影响,该文基于平面应变假设,采用服从Mises屈服准则和线性强化材料模型,推导了考虑初始残余应力的板料弯曲回弹角近似公式并基于有限元软件ABAQUS进行了残余应力板料弯曲回弹仿真对比分析。理论计算与仿真结果具有较好的一致性,验证了理论模型的正确性。研究结果表明,残余应力和厚度对板料回弹均有较大影响:沿宽度方向,不同初始残余应力处的板料回弹并不均匀;增大初始残余应力峰值和减小板料厚度均使不同初始残余应力处板料的回弹差值增大。     

典型特殊制备技术对无取向电工钢织构的影响规律

电工钢又称硅钢,是一种重要的特殊钢,常被称作特殊钢中的“艺术品”,这主要是因为其加工制备流程复杂、性能影响因素繁多。其中无取向硅钢主要应用于旋转电磁场环境,为了获得优良的软磁性能,需要形成较多的{100}等有利织构,为此研究人员进行了大量探索,近年来发现一些特殊制备技术在形成大量{100}等有利织构方面有显著效果。本文综述二次轧制、斜轧、异步轧制及双辊薄带连铸四种典型特殊制备技术对无取向硅钢再结晶织构的影响规律,发现二次轧制与双辊薄带连铸均能增强λ与高斯织构,并削弱γ织构,斜轧也会增强λ织构,但对γ织构影响不大,异速异步轧制能增强η织构,而异径异步轧制对再结晶织构却基本没有影响。最后,总结目前各项特殊制备技术存在的缺陷,并提出一些发展方向,如借助斜轧原理在常规冷轧中产生更多剪切带、利用异步轧制进行二次加工以均匀化磁感等,为后续无取向硅钢的工业生产提供更多参考。     

典型特殊制备技术对无取向电工钢织构的影响规律EICSCD

电工钢又称硅钢,是一种重要的特殊钢,常被称作特殊钢中的“艺术品”,这主要是因为其加工制备流程复杂、性能影响因素繁多。其中无取向硅钢主要应用于旋转电磁场环境,为了获得优良的软磁性能,需要形成较多的{100}等有利织构,为此研究人员进行了大量探索,近年来发现一些特殊制备技术在形成大量{100}等有利织构方面有显著效果。本文综述二次轧制、斜轧、异步轧制及双辊薄带连铸四种典型特殊制备技术对无取向硅钢再结晶织构的影响规律,发现二次轧制与双辊薄带连铸均能增强λ与高斯织构,并削弱γ织构,斜轧也会增强λ织构,但对γ织构影响不大,异速异步轧制能增强η织构,而异径异步轧制对再结晶织构却基本没有影响。最后,总结目前各项特殊制备技术存在的缺陷,并提出一些发展方向,如借助斜轧原理在常规冷轧中产生更多剪切带、利用异步轧制进行二次加工以均匀化磁感等,为后续无取向硅钢的工业生产提供更多参考。     

整体壁板压展模具型面曲率半径的计算

目的 研究带有初始曲率的整体壁板在压展过程中的变形回弹规律,以确定压展模具的型面曲率半径.方法 针对壁板压展回弹过程,用初始、加载和卸载3个典型状态来描述材料在截面圆周方向上的变形情况,推导应变和应力分布规律以及卸载后的力学平衡条件,从而得到壁板初始曲率半径、加载曲率半径以及卸载回弹后曲率半径之间的关系.再利用有限元仿...     

拼焊板U形件弯曲成形回弹补偿和焊缝移动规律研究

为了提高预测回弹的准确性,选用了拼焊板U形件作为研究对象,运用Dynaform软件,进行冲压成形和回弹的有限元数值模拟研究,得出了压边力、板料强度以及板料厚度对焊缝移动的影响规律,并探讨了焊缝、压边力、材料性能参数和板料厚度对回弹的影响,最终进行回弹补偿与实验验证.研究结果表明随着压边力的增大,焊缝向厚侧移动;板料强度不同时,焊缝向强度高的一侧移动;厚度不同时,焊缝向板料厚的一侧移动;焊缝会令板料的回弹量增大;随着压边力的增大,回弹量减小;弹性模量相同的条件下,材料屈服极限σs越高,回弹角越大;材料硬化指数n越小,回弹角越大;保持厚侧板料不变的情况下,另一侧板料越薄,回弹量越大.     

T2铜箔空化射流柔性微冲裁机理分析

目的 分析针对不同形状特征时空化射流箔材微冲裁工艺的加工效果,确定工艺参数的影响规律。方法 通过在3种模具（正三角形、正六边形以及圆形模具）下设计6种特征尺寸,分析空化射流对不同厚度T2铜箔的冲裁加工效果,同时通过单因素实验法确定空化射流的入射压力、喷孔直径以及靶距3种工艺参数对微冲裁加工能力与成形质量的影响规律,记录不同工艺参数下T2铜箔的最大可冲裁箔厚。结果 T2铜箔的最大可冲裁箔厚与凹模特征尺寸之间存在线性关系,并且入射压力的增大可显著提高空化射流微冲裁工艺的最大可冲裁箔厚,然而,过大的喷孔直径与靶距均会造成最大可冲裁箔厚下降。通过对实验结果进行表征,发现正多边形冲裁件在边角处会出现裂纹、撕裂等缺陷,而圆形冲裁件的冲裁轮廓无明显缺陷,冲裁质量较好。结论 空化射流柔性微冲裁工艺对正多边形冲裁件边角处的加工效果较差,但加工的圆形冲裁件具有良好且均匀的轮廓质量。该工艺的加工能力随入射压力的提高而提高,且在靶距为120 mm、喷孔直径为1.6 mm时较优。     

样品取向对轧制钢板拉伸性能的影响

分别对不同厚度、不同取向(α=0°,45°,90°)的SPCC冷轧钢板、SPHC热轧钢板、SUS304冷轧不锈钢板和SUS304热轧不锈钢板进行了拉伸试验,研究了取向因素对轧制钢板拉伸性能的影响,并分别探讨了钢板厚度、轧制状态和钢板材料等因素引起的拉伸性能各向异性程度的差异。结果表明:样品取向对轧制钢板的拉伸性能有明显影响,轧制方向的抗拉强度和断后伸长率较高,而屈服强度的变化规律则较为复杂;钢板厚度、轧制状态、钢板材料等因素对轧制钢板拉伸性能的各向异性都有不同程度的影响。     

超声冲击处理对铝合金焊接应力的影响

为了探究超声冲击处理(UIT)对铝合金材料焊接应力的影响,采用有限元分析软件AQAQUS建立了7A52铝合金双丝熔化极隋性气体保护焊(MIG)焊接模型和超声冲击处理耦合模型,得到了冲击后的应力场,分析了冲击前后残余应力分布特点;通过改变冲击针移动速度、冲击位置以及冲击针直径,分析其对焊接应力的影响规律,旨在探讨超声冲击处理对铝合金焊接应力改善的影响规律。计算结果表明,超声冲击处理能够显著改善焊缝和热影响区的焊接残余应力,且超声冲击处理对焊趾处的冲击比对焊缝处冲击产生的压应力数值大、范围宽;随着冲击移动速度的增加,焊接接头处压应力值逐渐减小,且移动速度增加到一定程度将会出现欠处理状态,达不到产生压应力的效果;冲击针直径对焊后残余应力影响较大,随着冲击针直径的增大,其接头处压应力值会增加,且产生的纵向残余压应力区间会增大;经过超声冲击处理后的试验和数值计算表明,材料模型中是否考虑应变率对应力结果影响很大,应该根据实际材料的应变率硬化程度建立准确的材料模型。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.