微乳液模板法制备多孔二氧化钛光催化薄膜

通过在钛溶胶中掺入阳离子型微乳液,并控制掺入量和pH值,使混合溶胶稳定,涂膜后经过适当热处理得到了TiO2纳米多孔薄膜.借助XRD、FT-IR、DTA、AFM、BET等测试手段,分析讨论了微乳液模板的加入对多孔二氧化钛薄膜的结晶行为、表面形貌和孔结构的影响.光催化结果表明,适当的表面形貌和孔结构可以显著提高TiO2薄膜的光催化能力.     

负载型TiO2光催化薄膜结构控制及光催化活性

采用溶胶-凝胶法在不锈钢丝网上负载TiO2薄膜,通过SEM、XRD和TG-DTA对其进行表征.研究了聚乙二醇(PEG)分子量及添加量、水加入量、涂膜次数和煅烧温度等工艺条件对样品光催化降解甲醛性能的影响.结果表明,通过工艺条件控制可得具有较高光催化活性的负载型TiO2光催化薄膜.在钛酸丁酯乙醇溶液中添加适量PEG600和水,经反应制备的TiO2溶胶,涂膜于不锈钢丝网表面,450℃煅烧后获得具有中孔结构的TiO2混晶薄膜,该薄膜对甲醛光催化降解率达90%以上.     

SiO2胶体的掺杂对纳米TiO2薄膜光催化活性的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2溶胶，并掺入少量SiO2胶体，用浸渍一提拉法在玻璃表面镀膜，经高温烧结后制得具有一定厚度、均匀平整的锐钛矿型TiO2薄膜。研究了SiO2胶体的加入量、加入SiO2胶体前后陈化温度、时间，光照时间对甲基橙的光催化活性的影响。结果表明陈化温度，时间，光照时间对光催化效果有重要影响，SiO2胶体掺入量为3％时可明显提高TiO2薄膜的光催化活性和超亲水性。借助于XRD、SEM、DTA等测定分析，确定了TiO2薄膜的外观形貌、晶体结构及稳定晶相。     

纳米TiO2/苯丙复合乳液的性能研究

对纳米TiO2进行表面处理,采用适当的聚合工艺制备了纳米TiO2/聚苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯复合乳液.对由复合乳液制得的薄膜进行耐磨性测试发现,纳米TiO2含量小于3％时,涂膜的耐磨性随纳米TiO2含量的增加明显增强.该乳液的热重分析表明,在纳米TiO2存在下,苯丙乳液的聚合度有所下降.应用该复合乳液得到自制涂料,纳米TiO2...     

PEG1000用量对多孔TiO_2薄膜结构及光催化性能的影响

以钛酸四丁酯为钛源,PEG1000为模板剂,乙酰丙酮为稳定剂,制备了TiO2溶胶,通过浸渍-提拉法在载玻片上制备了多孔TiO2薄膜。采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、紫外-可见透射光谱、X射线光电子能谱、N2吸附-脱附等对TiO2薄膜的晶相结构、表面形貌、化学组成及TiO2粉体的BET比表面积和孔径分布进行了表征。考察了TiO2薄膜对甲基橙的光催化降解活性。实验结果表明,TiO2薄膜催化剂的晶型为锐钛矿型,Ti以Ti4+形式存在。随着PEG1000添加量的增加,薄膜表面形貌变得粗糙,孔数量先增加而后下降;多孔TiO2薄膜在紫外区域内的吸收边沿向短波方向移动,薄膜透射率也发生波动,但薄膜的厚度基本不变。当PEG1000添加量为2.0g时,薄膜中存在大量的介孔,薄膜的比表面积最大,光催化性能最佳。     

TiO2染料敏化薄膜的制备与结构表征

采用溶胶-凝胶法添加聚乙二醇表面活性剂制备了TiO2纳米粒子,采用滚压涂敷法在玻璃基底上制得TiO2纳米多孔薄膜,采用吸附法对多孔薄膜表面进行染料敏化处理.染料敏化处理前后,薄膜的微结构没有改变,但薄膜表面的成分发生了改变.对薄膜进行了XPS,AFM,SEM和XRD分析.结果表明,TiO2纳米晶薄膜中纳米粒子晶型为锐钛矿,薄膜具有网络多孔结构,TiO2粒子的粒径在20～30nm间,薄膜中空穴的孔径在50～150nm不等,未敏化处理的薄膜空隙中吸附了大量的氧,薄膜敏化处理后,表面的吸附氧被敏化剂分子中的氧取代,染料敏化剂分子通过化学吸附在薄膜表面.     

均匀分散纳米二氧化钛的制备及其紫外线屏蔽性能

以TiCl4、三乙醇胺为原料配位形成可溶性配合物，将此配合物先驱液滴加到氨水中，得到锐钛矿型二氧化钛超细粒子溶胶。研究了先驱液的加入量对二氧化钛纳米粒子的粒径及紫外线透过率的影响。将丙烯酸树脂乳液加入到均匀分散的纳米二氧化钛粒子溶胶中，通过原位聚合的方法获得了纳米TiO2高度分散的丙烯酸树脂复合薄膜。结合纯丙烯酸树脂薄膜的紫外线透过率曲线分析了TiO2的紫外线屏蔽性能。该分散均匀的锐钛矿型TiO2对紫外线具有十分优异的屏蔽作用。     

负载型TiO2光催化薄膜结构控制及光催化活性

采用溶胶-凝胶法在不锈钢丝网上负载TiO₂薄膜,通过SEM、XRD和TG-DTA对其进行表征.研究了聚乙二醇(PEG)分子量及添加量、水加入量、涂膜次数和煅烧温度等工艺条件对样品光催化降解甲醛性能的影响.结果表明,通过工艺条件控制可得具有较高光催化活性的负载型TiO₂光催化薄膜.在钛酸丁酯乙醇溶液中添加适量PEG600和水,经反应制备的TiO₂溶胶,涂膜于不锈钢丝网表面,450℃煅烧后获得具有中孔结构的TiO2混晶薄膜,该薄膜对甲醛光催化降解率达90%以上.     

用于合成纳米苯丙乳液的纳米TiO2表面改性及表征

研究了利用硅烷偶联剂改性纳米TiO2的方法,并通过FTIR、TEM等手段表征化学改性产物的结构和改性后纳米二氧化钛的分散性,结果表明偶联剂与二氧化钛表面发生化学偶联反应,使二氧化钛表面被偶联剂包覆,从而使二氧化钛改性产物在有机物中具有良好的分散性能.通过TEM分析用改性后的纳米TiO2原位合成的纳米TiO2/苯丙乳液复合体系具有以纳米TiO2粒子为核,以聚合物为壳的核壳结构,该乳液涂膜的耐水性达120h不泛白,硬度为H级,明显优于非纳米苯丙乳液,且具有很好的抑菌作用,可用于制备纳米水性涂料.     

整装脱硝催化剂载体介孔TiO2涂层的制备

分别使用三种溶胶-凝胶工艺制备脱硝用钛基蜂窝陶瓷介孔TiO2高比表面涂层.研究了经质量分数为5%的硝酸溶液处理的蜂窝陶瓷介孔TiO2的涂覆,结合XRD,SEM,BET等手段进行了微观表征和分析.结果表明:以冰醋酸为螯合剂的溶胶胶凝时间长,黏度合适,钛涂层负载量最大;TiO2主要呈锐钛矿晶型,表面钛涂层颗粒分散均匀,锐钛矿比表面积达到71.52m2/g.为蜂窝状整装脱硝催化剂国产化提供了载体基础.     

Morphology-wettability relations in artificially structured superhydrophilic TiO2–SiO2 composite films

Naturally superhydrophilic TiO₂–SiO₂ composite films were deposited through a sol–gel route and the morphology of these films was artificially modified by nanosphere lithography using polystyrene spheres. Morphology changes induced by this structuration were studied by optical, scanning electron, and atomic force microscopy. The water wettability of the so-obtained films over aging under ambient atmosphere was then studied with respect to the sol composition and morphological features. This study i/confirms the assumption of a natural superhydrophilicity of composite films intrinsically induced by TiO₂–SiO₂ granular interfaces and ii/shows that this property can be greatly improved by artificially induced morphology features. Such features are discussed on the basis of well-established surface thermodynamic models.     

不同介质中水热合成纳米TiO2粉体及其光催化性能研究

以钛酸四丁酯为原料, 采用水热法分别以蒸馏水、有机小分子化合物(正丁醇、丙二酸和乙二胺水溶液)和无机酸(HNO₃、H₂SO₄和HCl)为介质合成了TiO₂纳米粉体. 通过XRD和TEM对所得TiO₂粉体进行了表征, 研究不同介质对所得TiO₂粉体的晶相组成、颗粒尺寸及形貌的影响. 结果表明: 以蒸馏水为介质时所得锐钛矿TiO₂的颗粒尺寸分布不均匀; 有机化合物抑制锐钛矿型TiO₂各向异性生长趋势的能力为: 正丁醇>丙二酸>乙二胺; 相同实验条件下, HCl、H₂SO₄及HNO₃体系中分别获得金红石、锐钛矿及锐钛矿和金红石混晶TiO₂. 光催化降解甲基橙的研究表明, 锐钛矿和金红石混晶TiO₂的光催化活性要高于纯锐钛矿结构; 纯金红石型TiO2的光催化活性最差.     

Enhanced photovoltaic performance of quantum dot sensitized solar cells with Ag-doped TiO2 nanocrystalline thin films

Ag-doped titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanocrystalline thin films have been prepared by the sol–gel dip coating method and used as photoanode to fabricate quantum dot sensitized solar cells. The X-ray diffraction studies reveal the formation of anatase phase without any impurity phase. The surface morphology studied using scanning electron microscope shows uniform distribution of particles. The optical band gap was found to be 3.5 and 3.4 eV for CdS quantum dot sensitized TiO₂ and CdS quantum dot sensitized Ag-doped TiO₂ thin film respectively. The Ag-doped TiO₂ based solar cell exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 1.48 % which is higher than that of TiO₂ (0.9 %).     

Fabrication and characterization of nano TiO2 thin films at low temperature

Anatase TiO₂ thin films were successfully prepared on glass slide substrates via a sol–gel method from refluxed sol (RS) containing anatase TiO₂ crystals at low temperature of 100 °C. The influences of various refluxing time on crystallinity, morphology and size of the RS sol and dried TiO₂ films particles were discussed. These samples were characterized by infrared absorption spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy (UV–vis). The photocatalytic activities of the TiO₂ thin films were assessed by the degradation of methyl orange in aqueous solution. The results indicated that titania films thus obtained were transparent and their maximal light transmittance exceeded 80% under visible light region. The TiO₂ thin films prepared from RS-6 sol showed the highest photocatalytic activity, when the calcination temperature is higher than 300 °C. The degradation of methyl orange of RS-6 thin films reached 99% after irradiated for 120 min, the results suggested that the TiO₂ thin films prepared from RS sol exhibited high photoactivities.     

连续式离子层吸附与反应法沉积CuSCN薄膜及其微观结构、光学特性研究

采用乙二醇作溶剂,以连续式离子层吸附与反应法(SILAR)实现硫氰酸亚铜(CuSCN)薄膜在ITO、TiO2薄膜以及玻璃衬底上的沉积.通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜和紫外-可见光透过谱等手段表征薄膜结晶性、表面和断面微观形貌以及光学特性.结果表明,衬底以及溶剂性质均对SILAR法薄膜沉积过程存在重要影响.ITO衬底上获得的CuSCN薄膜更为致密,呈结晶态,而TiO2薄膜衬底上的CuSCN薄膜主要由颗粒组成,为非晶态.随沉积次数增加,薄膜表面粗糙度增大,光学透过率逐渐下降.在优化条件下(ITO衬底,20次沉积循环),所得CuSCN薄膜表面致密均匀,可见光透过率约60%.     

Comparative study of multilayered ZnO/TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>/ZnO and TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>/ZnO/TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> thin films prepared by sol–gel dip coating method

The aim of this research work is to represent the comparative study of ZnO/TiO₂/ZnO (ZTZ) and TiO₂/ZnO/TiO₂ (TZT) thin films deposited by sol–gel dip coating on FTO substrates. After deposition, the films were annealed at 500 °C for 1 h. Structural, surface morphology, optical and electrical properties of these films were studied by X-ray diffractrometer (XRD), Raman spectra, atomic force microscope (AFM), photoluminescence spectra (PL) and four point probe technique respectively. XRD and Raman spectra confirmed the anatase, brookite phases of TiO₂ and cubic phase of ZnO. AFM confirmed the formation of nano particles with average sizes of 18.4 and 47.2 nm of TZT and ZTZ films respectively. According to PL spectra, both the multilayer films slowdown the electron hole recombination rate and enhances the optoelectronic properties of the materials. Also it showed the peaks in the visible region of spectrum. The four point probe results showed that the average sheet resistivity of the films is 450 and 120 (ohm-m) respectively.     

Photocatalytic properties of porous TiO2/Ag thin films

In this study, nanocrystalline TiO₂/Ag composite thin films were prepared by a sol-gel spin-coating technique. By introducing polystyrene (PS) spheres into the precursor solution, porous TiO₂/Ag thin films were prepared after calcination at a temperature of 500 °C for 4 h. Three different sizes (50, 200, and 400 nm) of PS spheres were used to prepare porous TiO₂ films. The as-prepared TiO₂ and TiO₂/Ag thin films were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and by scanning electron microscopy to reveal structural and morphological differences. In addition, the photocatalytic properties of these films were investigated by degrading methylene blue under UV irradiation.When PS spheres of different sizes were introduced after calcination, the as-prepared TiO₂ films exhibited different porous structures. XRD results showed that all TiO₂/Ag films exhibited a major anatase phase. The photodegradation of porous TiO₂ thin films prepared with 200 nm PS spheres and doped with 1 mol% Ag exhibited the best photocatalytic efficiency where ∼ 100% methylene blue was decomposed within 8 h under UV exposure.     

铝硅酸盐中间体对TiO2纳米粒子团聚及相转变的抑制

以粉煤灰为原料,通过与NaOH煅烧、水解合成铝硅酸盐中间体(ASI),向sol-gel法制备的TiO2溶胶中加入ASI,经处理得到钛铝硅酸盐复合材料(TiO2/ASI).X射线衍射分析(XRD)和紫外-可见漫反射光谱(DRS)研究ASI对sol-gel方法制备TiO2纳米晶形成过程和相转变的影响.研究结果表明铝硅酸盐中间体不但能抑制TiO2纳米粒子的团聚,而且能够有效地抑制TiO2由锐钛矿型向金红石型的相转变,由此所制备TiO2与ASI的钛铝硅酸盐复合材料(TiO2/ASI)对溶液中亚甲基蓝的吸附性能高于单一的TiO2或铝硅酸盐中间体.     

Preparation of N-methylaniline capped mesoporous TiO2 spheres by simple wet chemical method

Pure anatase mesoporous TiO₂ nanospheres were synthesized by simple wet chemical treatment and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results revealed that the surface morphology of the TiO₂ spheres could be controlled by adjusting the concentration of N-methylaniline and that the average diameter of the TiO₂ spheres was 600 nm. FTIR results confirmed the formation of N-methylaniline capped TiO₂ nanospheres.     

活性炭载体对TiO2/活性炭中二氧化钛晶粒生长及相变的影响

以活性炭为载体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了TiO2/活性炭(TiO2/AC)复合体,并利用SEM和XRD手段对复合体进行表征,通过Dt2=ktnexp(-E/RT)方程的计算,分析,研究活性炭对复合体中TiO2晶粒生长及其相变的影响.结果表明TiO2/AC复合体晶粒粒径增长的时间比TiO2本体短;TiO2/AC复合体纳米粒子平均尺寸为50nm比TiO2本体小;锐钛矿向金红石转变的相变温度和晶粒生长最快温度TiO2/AC复合体比TiO2本体高.锐钛矿和金红石晶粒生长的表观活化能TiO2/AC复合体分别为6.21±1.27和46.54±1.56kJ/mol,TiO2本体分别为5.764±1.02和36.4±1.14kJ/mol.在锐钛矿阶段和金红石阶段TiO2/AC复合体反应指数分别为0.19和0.35,而TiO2本体分别为0.13和0.26.原因是活性炭的强吸附力和非晶相层对TiO2晶粒生长的阻遏作用.