光和传统热固化对SiO2减反膜影响的对比

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为有机硅源,采用溶胶-凝胶技术,通过调节添加剂控制溶胶溶液性能,然后分别用光固化和传统电阻炉固化两种不同的热处理方案,制备出低折射率SiO2光学减反薄膜。分别采用椭偏仪、扫描电镜等对所制备薄膜的结构、物性进行研究。研究结果表明:光固化比传统电阻炉固化减反膜折射率低。     

纳米多孔二氧化硅薄膜的制备及其光学性质研究

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为先驱体，采用溶胶-凝胶法，结合旋转涂胶和超临界干燥等工艺，在硅片上制备了纳米多孔SiO2薄膜。XRD和AFM表明该SiO2薄膜为无定形态，具有多孔网络结构，表面均匀平整，其SiO2基本粒子和孔隙的直径为30～40nm。利用椭偏光谱仪测量了SiO2薄膜在波长245～1650nm的椭偏光谱，采用Si／cauchy／rough结构模型对该光谱进行了拟合，获得了SiO2薄膜的厚度和光学常数。SiO2薄膜的厚度为500～1100nm；折射率为1．13～1．21；孔隙率为56％～70％；介电常数为1．9～2．3。     

醇硅比对太阳能玻璃用多孔SiO2减反膜性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶工艺在碱催化条件下制备了多孔结构的纳米SiO2薄膜,研究了不同醇硅比对溶胶体系的粒度分布、薄膜折射率以及透过率的影响。用纳米粒度分析仪测试了溶胶的颗粒分布,用紫外-可见-近红外分光光度计、椭偏仪、原子力显微镜(AFM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测试了薄膜的光学性能、折射率、膜厚和显微形貌等。结果表明:随着醇硅比的增大,溶胶体系粘度下降,凝胶时间延长,颗粒度下降,折射率有升高的趋势;制备的增透玻璃膜层折射率为1.24,可见光透过率达到98.22%。     

硅靶中频反应磁控溅射二氧化硅薄膜的特性研究

报道了中频双靶反应磁控溅射制备二氧化硅（SiO2)薄膜的装置、工艺及薄膜特性。对制备的SiO2薄膜的化学配比和元素化学态进行了SAM和XPS分析，测试了膜层对钠离子（Na^ )阻挡性能、光学折射率和可见光的透过率。研究表明作者开发的中频双靶反应磁控溅射沉积SiO2薄膜的设备和工艺可以高速率、大面积制备高质量的SiO2膜。     

疏水型纳米SiO2-MTES复合薄膜的制备及性能

采用溶胶-凝胶技术,通过酸/酸二步法控制实验条件,由于表面活性剂具有特殊的表面活性性能,实验中采用表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化氨(CTAB)为模板剂,正硅酸乙酯为硅源,甲基三乙氧基硅烷为有机硅烷,以及二次去离子水,盐酸为催化剂等原料制备SiO2-MTES(摩尔比11.15)前驱体溶胶.通过简单提拉迅速蒸发溶剂等方法制备二氧化硅-甲基三乙氧基硅烷的有机-无机复合薄膜,测得的红外透射光谱表明所制备的薄膜由于掺入甲基基团而疏水,接触角测试值约125度,其结果进一步支持这一结论.未加MTES的薄膜折射率为1.18,膜厚305nm.加入MTES后薄膜折射率为1.22,膜厚为289.6nm.透射光谱和机械性能测试结果表明所制备的疏水型纳米SiO2-MTES复合薄膜同时还具有良好的光学性能和机械性能.     

具有自洁和耐磨功能SiO2/TiO2减反膜的制备与研究

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和钛酸正丁酯(TBOT)为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了SiO2溶胶和TiO2溶胶,利用浸渍提拉法制备了SiO2/TiO2双层减反膜.用紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、椭圆偏振光谱仪和接触角测量仪等分析表征了薄膜的特性,以光催化降解甲基橙溶液实验来评价薄膜的自洁功能,考察了SiO2/TiO2双层减反膜的耐磨擦性.结果表明,SiO2/TiO2双层减反膜在400~800nm可见光波段的透光率最高可达97.2%,薄膜表面平整,结构致密且粗糙度小,经紫外灯照射后薄膜的水接触角接近0°,光催化2h后可将5mg/L的甲基橙溶液降解43.6%.SiO2/TiO2减反膜还具有优良的耐磨擦性能.     

自清洁SiO2/TiO2减反膜的制备与性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶技术制备了SiO₂溶胶和TiO₂溶胶，利用浸渍提拉法在光伏玻璃上制备了SiO₂/TiO₂减反膜。用光谱透射比测量仪和椭偏仪测定了薄膜的透光率和折射率，通过场发射扫描电子显微镜观察了薄膜的形貌结构，最后考察了薄膜的自洁性能和耐候性能。结果表明：随着溶胶中TiO₂浓度的升高，SiO₂/TiO₂减反膜的厚度不断增加，而透光率逐渐减小，折射率逐渐增大。在波长为600nm时，TiO₂浓度最低的减反膜(ST-300)的透光率为94.4%,折射率为1.33。ST-300减反膜的表面平整，结构致密。光催化2h后，ST-300减反膜可将10mg/L的甲基蓝溶液降解11.2%,经过耐候处理后，其透光率衰减值仅0.08%～0.15%。     

工艺参数对纳米颗粒Cu/SiO_2复合薄膜结构和光谱特性的影响

用离子束溅射法制备了具有反常光吸收特性的纳米颗粒CU／SiO2复合薄膜。获得了在离子来参数一定时，基片温度、膜料的沉积时间和镀膜后的保温时间等工艺参数对这种薄膜结构和光学特性的影响规律，并对纳米颗粒Cu／SiO2复合薄膜的反常光吸收特性作了计算和解释。     

纳米SiO2改性生物降解复合薄膜研究

目的以壳聚糖(chitosan)、木薯淀粉和聚乙烯醇(PVA)为基础成膜原料,探究纳米SiO2改性木薯淀粉/PVA/壳聚糖薄膜的制备工艺过程。方法以薄膜断裂伸长率、抗张强度、透光率和吸水率为评判标准,在单因子试验基础上,设计L9(34)正交试验,研究纳米SiO2含量、分散剂十二烷基苯磺酸含量、膜液pH值等3个因素对纳米SiO2改性木薯淀粉/聚乙烯醇/壳聚糖薄膜性能的影响。结果得出了制备纳米SiO2改性木薯淀粉/PVA/壳聚糖薄膜的最佳工艺参数,纳米SiO2质量分数为2.0%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠质量分数为2.0%、膜液pH值为3.0,3个因素对改性薄膜性能的影响程度大小排序为分散剂含量纳米SiO2含量pH值。结论获得了纳米SiO2改性木薯淀粉/PVA/壳聚糖薄膜的最佳生产工艺参数。     

纳米多孔SiO2功能薄膜制备方法的研究进展

纳米多孔SiO2薄膜的各种优异性能，使其在众多领域中占有极大的应用潜力。对一些新的制备纳米多孔SiO2薄膜的方法如自组装法、酸碱两步催化法、微波合成法进行了概括和总结，并分析了其原理、方法和特点。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.