基于合作共赢的中国铁路“走出去”建设模式创新研究

本文阐述了中国铁路"走出去"建设模式的现状及面临的主要挑战,分析了国际大型工程承包市场发展的新趋势;然后以雅万高速铁路项目为例,对中国铁路"走出去"建设模式创新实践进行深入思考,提出中国铁路"走出去"建设模式创新的三条发展路径:向投资、建设、运营一体化的铁路全产业链方向发展,实施"铁路+配套产业"的综合开发模式和PPP合作开发模式;最后,从建立铁路行业"走出去"公共服务平台、提升"本土化发展"水平、强化人才队伍建设以及培育铁路全产业价值链资源整合与综合集成能力四个方面提出保障措施。     

中国正引领世界高速铁路发展

随着京津城际铁路、武广高速铁路、郑西高速铁路、沪宁城际高速铁路等相继开通运营,中国高铁正在引领世界高铁发展。目前中国投入运营的高速铁路已达6800多公里。中国已成为世界上高速铁路系统技术最全、集成能力最强、运营里程最长、运行速度最高、在建规模最大的国家。高速铁路的发展在面向21世纪的中国可持续发展战略中,将产生深远的意义和影响。     

京津城际铁路科技创新

高速铁路是复杂的巨系统。京津城际铁路是我国首条工程实践、运营实践的高速铁路,在攻克系统设计与系统集成、轨道高平顺与高稳定、高速列车安全与舒适、运行（营）控制可靠与高效四大方面科技难题和关键技术取得了重大创新成果;历时3年建造,开通运营验证,整体达到世界领先水平;该成果对推进我国铁路网又好又快地建设具有指导性、示范性的重大作用。     

创新的中国高速铁路技术（下）

高速铁路是超大、复杂的系统工程。文章论述了中国铁路路情急需发展高速铁路;通过博采众长,研究试验,构建创新的中国高速铁路技术体系;介绍了近期高速铁路建设的工程实践。     

创新的中国高速铁路技术(上)

高速铁路是超大、复杂的系统工程。文章论述了中国铁路路情急需发展高速铁路;通过博采众长,研究试验,构建创新的中国高速铁路技术体系;介绍了近期高速铁路建设的工程实践     

我国高速铁路噪声环境影响评价方法探讨

铁路的高速化已成为当今世界铁路发展的一个重要趋势,如法国的TGV列车以515.3km/h震惊了世界.目前我国也正奋起直追,努力发展高速铁路,以适应腾飞的经济形势.为了作好高速铁路噪声环境影响评价,本文试就有关评价方法的若干问题,作一初步探讨.二、高速铁路噪声特点由于高速铁路有别于普通铁路,具有自己的特点,因而在评价中就要充分注意到高速铁路的噪声特点,不能完全照搬普通铁路评价中的一套办法.国外已经投入运营的和我国正在规划中的高速铁路,其特点主要体现在高速、高架和电     

浅谈铁路科研项目管理

随着高速铁路、快速铁路建设的不断发展,铁路系统科研工作正面临着体制、机制变革,铁路系统研发管理面临着机遇和挑战,必须依托于成熟的研发管理理论体系,借鉴和参考国内外优秀企业研发管理模式,结合我国铁路行业对研发管理的实际需求和自身特点,通过加强科研项目知识产权管理,综合考虑铁路技术发展、业务特征、运营管理、市场变化和创新能力等因素,综合分析,从制度设计和机构优化的角度入手,不断完善体制机制建设,促进铁路系统项目管理水平不断提升。     

高速铁路计量器具配备规范和标准的探讨

一、铁路计量器具配备问题的提出我国高速铁路(高铁)虽然走在世界前列,并制定了各项运营、维护标准。但是,在我国铁路标准中,高速铁路计量器具配备规范标准还是空白。由于没有标准来指导站段进行计量器具配备工作,各站段计量器具的配备不可避免地出现无序和杂乱情况。为此,笔者建议抓紧制定"铁路计量器具配备规范",以指导各级站段高效方便、科学合理配备计量器具     

高速铁路计量器具的管理和配备

计量工作对于单位提高运营设备质量、扩大运输能力、保证运输安全起着重要作用。目前,我国高速铁路快速发展,但在建设、运营中,我国还没有一部完整科学的高速铁路计量器具配备规范标准,统一指导站段的配备工作。本文着重对铁路计量器具配备规范化进行探讨。     

国内外高速铁路的发展概况及前景

自1964年10月1日日本东京一大阪东海道新干线世界第一条高速铁路建成投入商业运营以来,世界范围高速铁路网不断发展,高速运输技术不断进步。现在,世界上许多国家已把建设高速铁路作为交通运输战略发展的重要国策。本文介绍了国内外高速铁路的发展概况及前景,提出了我国高速铁路建设的科学性与必要性。     

Intelligent construction technology of railway engineering in China

Intelligent construction technology has been widely used in the field of railway engineering. This work first analyzes the connotation, function, and characteristics of intelligent construction of railway engineering (ICRE) and establishes its system structure from three dimensions, namely, life cycle, layers of management, and intelligent function, to deeply understand the development situation of intelligent railway construction in China. Second, seven key technical support systems of ICRE, which include building information modeling (BIM) standard system for China’s railway sector, technology management platform and life cycle management based on BIM+GIS (geography information system), ubiquitous intelligent perception system, intelligent Internet-of-Things (IoT) commu-nication system based on mobile interconnection, construction management platform based on cloud computing and big data, unmanned operation system based on artificial intelligence, intelligent machinery and robot, and intelligent operation and maintenance system based on BIM and PHM (prediction and health management), are established. Third, ICRE is divided into three development stages: primary (perception), intermediate (substitution), and advanced (intelligence). The evaluation index system of each stage is provided from the aspects of technology and function. Finally, this work summarizes and analyzes the application situation of ICRE in the entire railway sector of China, represented by Beijing–Zhangjiakou and Beijing–Xiong’an high-speed railways. Result shows that the technical support systems of the ICRE have emerged in China and are still in the process of deepening basic technology research and preliminary application. In the future, the ICRE of China’s railway sector will develop toward a higher stage.     

广深港高速铁路狮子洋水下盾构隧道修建技术

广深港客运专线狮子洋隧道为我国首座水下铁路隧道,也是我国第一条特长水下隧道,其设计速度达350 km/h,该隧道为广深港高速铁路的关键性工程.针对该隧道的工程地质环境和采用的盾构法施工技术,特别是该隧道在我国首次采用了盾构对接方法施工,介绍了该隧道修建的有关设计与施工的技术,并提出了相应的技术措施.     

Does high-speed railway promote regional innovation growth or innovation convergence?

The paper utilizes an endogenous innovation growth model including high-speed railway (HSR) fares and speeds to explain how HSR affects regional technological innovation. Difference-in-Difference (DID) regression analysis shows that HSR has significantly promoted innovation growth and innovation convergence in China, with the effect value of 14.73% and 5.91% respectively. The conclusion that HSR promotes innovation growth is still valid through endogenous treatment of instrumental variable method. Various robustness analyses show that the more stations or lines connection, the more conducive to promoting innovation growth and innovation convergence. The conclusion is still robust after different time bandwidth is set. Further analysis shows that HSR has significantly promoted the innovation development and innovation convergence within and between the three regions of eastern China, central China and western China. The innovation spillover range of innovation center cities to non-innovation cities is 300 km. In addition, it is found that cities that have not opened HSR can also benefit from the connection of HSR in neighboring cities, thus promoting innovation growth, but the impact on innovation convergence is not as significant as the direct connection of HSR. The policy enlightenment of this paper is that in the face of innovation gap and regional innovation development inequality, in the planning and construction of HSR, it is suggested to coordinate the regional layout of investment in high-speed rail construction, which is not only conducive to promoting the innovation growth of these regions, but also conducive to narrowing the regional innovation development gap. In addition, remote and backward areas should seize the opportunity of opening high-speed railways to promote regional innovative growth, instead of making high-speed railways a channel for factors such as human capital to escape.     

基于噪声环境影响的铁路选线评价方法研究

随着我国高速铁路的快速发展,特别是铁路客运专线的建设,铁路噪声对沿线居民会造成干扰影响,铁路噪声成为人们日益关注的焦点。在参考了大量国内外文献基础上,报告了国内外铁路环境选线设计的现状;通过对目前国内外铁路环境选线方法理论进行研究,分析噪声环境影响的设计;并综述了铁路噪声选线设计方面的研究进展,并还深入探讨了铁路噪声的产生机理、降噪技术方法与各种声屏障的设计使用。     

高速铁路900 t简支箱梁建造成套技术与装备

全面介绍了高速铁路900 t简支箱梁建造的成套技术与装备,包括900 t简支箱梁的预制技术和装备、运输技术和装备、架设技术和装备及特殊工况下900 t简支箱梁建造技术及装备,可供从事高速铁路和桥梁工程技术人员参考。     

物联网RFID和ZigBee技术在高铁列控系统的应用研究

为建设高铁列控实验室,开展课程教学和企业职工培训,该文分析物联网的RFID和ZigBee技术等关键技术和工作原理,结合物联网技术的应用现状,按照物联网构架,对照我国高铁列车运行控制系统的结构,设计高铁列车运行控制系统,且对查询应答器和无线传输模块等进行仿真设计,开发应用软件。通过系统测试,证实物联网技术可以广泛地应用于我国高速铁路列车运行控制系统。     

Developments and Prospects of Long-Span High-Speed Railway Bridge Technologies in China

With the rapid developments of the high-speed railway in China, a great number of long-span bridges have been constructed in order to cross rivers and gorges. At present, the longest main span of a constructed high-speed railway bridge is only 630 m. The main span of Hutong Yangtze River Bridge and of Wufengshan Yangtze River Bridge, which are under construction, will be much longer, at 1092 m each. In order to overcome the technical issues that originate from the extremely large dead loading and the relatively small structural stiffness of long-span high-speed railway bridges, many new technologies in bridge construction, design, materials, and so forth have been developed. This paper carefully reviews progress in the construction technologies of multi-function combined bridges in China, including combined highway and railway bridges and multi-track railway bridges. Innovations and practices regarding new types of bridge and composite bridge structures, such as bridges with three cable planes and three main trusses, inclined main trusses, slab-truss composite sections, and steel-concrete composite sections, are introduced. In addition, investigations into high-performance materials and integral fabrication and erection techniques for long-span railway bridges are summarized. At the end of the paper, prospects for the future development of long-span high-speed railway bridges are provided.     

Key Techniques for the Construction of High-Speed Railway Large-Section Loess Tunnels

The successful completion of the Zhengzhou–Xi’an high-speed railway project has greatly improved the construction level of China’s large-section loess tunnels, and has resulted in significant progress being made in both design theory and construction technology. This paper systematically summarizes the technical characteristics and main problems of the large-section loess tunnels on China’s high-speed railway, including classification of the surrounding rock, design of the supporting structure, surface settlement and cracking control, and safe and rapid construction methods. On this basis, the key construction techniques of loess tunnels with large sections for high-speed railway are expounded from the aspects of design and construction. The research results show that the classification of loess strata surrounding large tunnels should be based on the geological age of the loess, and be determined by combining the plastic index and the water content. In addition, the influence of the buried depth should be considered. During tunnel excavation disturbance, if the tensile stress exceeds the soil tensile or shear strength, the surface part of the sliding trend plane can be damaged, and visible cracks can form. The pressure of the surrounding rock of a large-section loess tunnel should be calculated according to the buried depth, using the corresponding formula. A three-bench seven-step excavation method of construction was used as the core technology system to ensure the safe and rapid construction of a large-section loess tunnel, following a field test to optimize the construction parameters and determine the engineering measures to stabilize the tunnel face. The conclusions and methods presented here are of great significance in revealing the strata and supporting mechanics of large-section loess tunnels, and in optimizing the supporting structure design and the technical parameters for construction.