纳米CaCO_3/PET短纤维/聚丙烯复合材料的制备及性能

制备了纳米CaCO3/聚丙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)短纤维/聚丙烯、CaCO3/PET短纤维/聚丙烯复合材料。分别测试了复合材料的力学性能,结果发现,与纳米CaCO3/聚丙烯、PET短纤维/聚丙烯两相复合材料相比,三相复合材料的力学性能尤其是冲击性能有明显的提高。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、动态力学分析(DMA)、电子扫描(SEM)系统研究了复合材料的增强机理,结果发现,在三相复合材料中,纳米CaCO3的加入明显提高了PET短纤维与聚丙烯基体界面之间的作用力和相容性,同时纳米CaCO3与PET短纤维的协同效应诱导了聚丙烯β晶的生成。     

采用混合改性剂改性超细碳酸钙塑料填料

采用油酸-马来酸酐混合改性剂干法改性可用于塑料填料的超细CaCO3粉体,借助拉曼光谱、差热分析、比表面积、粒度分布和流变性等分析手段,对不同改性情况下的CaCO3颗粒表面进行表征。利用万能材料实验机和色差计对填充了改性前后CaCO3粉体的聚乙烯塑料进行力学性能和物理性能测试分析。结果表明:油酸-马来酸酐混合改性剂通过干法改性可以物理吸附在CaCO3颗粒的表面,使得CaCO3粉体的比表面积增大,颗粒表面能、界面张力大大降低并表现出较好的亲油疏水性,制成的石蜡-CaCO3悬浮液的表观黏度大大下降;还可以使聚乙烯塑料具有较好的力学性能,同时聚乙烯塑料具有较高的白度。     

马来酸酐改性天然橡胶对碳酸钙/天然橡胶复合材料力学行为的影响

以过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)为引发剂,在转矩流变仪中自制马来酸酐(MAH)接枝改性天然橡胶(NR)(MNR),将其作为超细碳酸钙/天然橡胶复合材料(CaCO3/NR)的改性剂,研究了MNR对于CaCO3/NR复合材料的力学性能、应力软化效应以及应力弛豫行为的影响。研究结果表明,MNR改性后CaCO3/NR复合材料较之未改性复合材料拉伸强度、撕裂强度和硬度等力学性能均有所提高,应力软化效应加剧,应力弛豫程度和速度降低,力学行为研究结果证实MNR可有效改善CaCO与NR基体间的界面粘合。     

CaCO3/PP复合材料的制备及力学性能研究

采用钛酸酯偶联剂对CaCO3粒子进行表面处理,通过双辊熔融共混和硫化压机压片技术制备了CaCO3/PP复合材料;测试了其拉伸强度、冲击强度和硬度,探讨了偶联剂用量和CaCO3添加量对复合材料力学性能的影响.研究表明,添加CaCO3粒子能有效提高PP材料的力学性能,且经偶联剂表面处理后的CaCO3粒子对改善PP的力学性能效果更佳,当采用2%钛酸酯偶联剂表面处理后的CaCO3粒子添加量为4%时,CaCO3/PP复合材料综合力学性能最好.     

无机粉体CaCO3改性可剥离涂膜的性能研究

采用物理球磨法将平均粒径为6.692μm的CaCO3粉体进行细化处理,使细化处理后的粉体平均粒径为1.602μm;然后采用聚乙二醇对细化处理后的粉体进行表面修饰,以改善粉体在聚乙烯醇中的填充性能,使粉体能良好的分散在聚乙烯醇溶液中,提高涂料成膜体的力学性能。同时还研究了改性前后CaCO3粉体对可剥离膜拉伸性能的影响。结果表明:经过改性后的粉体可大幅提高成膜体的拉伸性能,完全可以满足对成膜体大面积揭剥的要求。     

微发泡聚丙烯/晶须复合材料的发泡行为与力学性能

将改性的MgSO4和CaCO3晶须加入聚丙烯中,在二次开模条件下制备微发泡聚丙烯(PP)/晶须复合材料,通过晶须在基体中的分散性、泡孔直径大小分布和泡孔密度,分析了不同晶须对材料的发泡行为与力学性能的影响.结果表明,晶须具有一定成核效应,CaCO3晶须的泡孔尺寸25.27μm左右,填充增强效果差;MgSO4晶须的泡孔尺...     

魔芋葡甘聚糖协同碳酸钙增强聚丙烯复合材料的制备

目的 拟在利用天然可降解高分子替代部分聚丙烯(PP)制备一种新型复合材料。方法 采用聚丙烯作为复合材料的基质,向基质中加入魔芋葡甘聚糖(KGM)、碳酸钙(CaCO3),并按照一定比例通过桌面挤出机混溶挤出制粒,再将半成品颗粒利用注塑机注塑成型制备成PP/KGM/CaCO3复合材料,同时探究KGM、CaCO3对PP/KGM/CaCO3复合材料的冲击性能和拉伸性能的影响。结果通过单因素实验可知,当KGM体积分数为10%、CaCO3体积分数为5%时,PP/KGM/CaCO3复合材料的力学性能最优。结论 该复合材料相互融合程度较好,抗冲击和伸强度较高,安全系数较好,可应用于食品包装和生活用品行业领域。本研究可为KGM的资源化利用提供一定的参考依据。     

EP含量对PP/PP-g-MAH/EP微孔发泡复合材料发泡行为及力学性能的影响

采用化学发泡法制备了聚丙烯/聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐/环氧树脂(PP/PP-g-MAH/EP)微孔复合发泡材料,研究了EP粉体含量对其发泡行为及力学性能的影响。结果表明,EP粉体在发泡过程中起异相成核作用,且与PP-g-MAH反应形成的交联网络结构提高了复合材料的熔体强度,从而显著改善了泡孔结构。随着EP含量增加,微孔发泡材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度都呈现先增大后减小的趋势。当EP含量为5%时,复合材料的泡孔尺寸最小,泡孔密度最大,泡孔分布最均匀,微孔发泡材料的冲击强度最大;当EP含量为1%时,拉伸强度、弯曲强度最大,发泡材料的综合力学性能最佳。     

PP-g-MAH/羽绒粉体共混膜的力学性能

采用不同增塑剂对羽绒粉体处理,制备了不同羽绒含量的马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)/羽绒粉体共混膜,分析了粉体含量、PP种类及不同增塑剂对共混膜力学性能的影响。结果表明随着粉体含量的增加,共混膜拉伸强度呈下降趋势,而在相同粉体含量的情况下,PP-g-MAH/羽绒粉体共混膜力学性能优于PP/羽绒粉体共混膜,用甘油处理后共混膜的力学性能较优。     

超细CaCO3改性SBS材料的力学及耐老化性能研究

利用硅烷偶联剂对超细CaCO3进行改性,通过直接共混的方法制备了超细CaCO3/SBS复合材料,采用多种技术手段研究了复合材料的力学性能、加工性能及耐老化性能变化。结果表明,改性后超细CaCO3在SBS体系中能形成网状结构,材料的拉伸性能、硬度及耐老化性能提高。当超细CaCO3含量为25%时,能获得综合性能优异的超细Ca-CO3/SBS复合材料。     

无机填料对木粉/高密度聚乙烯复合材料性能的影响

目的考察无机填料的种类、粒径以及添加量对PF/HDPE复合材料力学性能和热稳定性的影响。方法以杨木纤维(PF)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、BaSO4、CaCO3、云母粉为原料,采用熔融共混和注塑成型的方法制备PF/HDPE复合材料,进行力学、热重、扫描电镜测试分析。结果3种无机填料均改善了PF/HDPE复合材料力学及热稳定性能,填充CaCO3获得的复合材料性能优于填充BaSO4、云母粉获得的复合材料,并且随着填料颗粒粒径的减少,改善效果增强。填料的添加量需要保持在一定范围内,添加量过低或过高均会造成性能下降。结论添加CaCO3(质量分数为9%,3000目)制备的PF/HDPE复合材料具有最佳的力学及热稳定性。     

Dimensional stability and mechanical behaviour of wood–plastic composites based on recycled and virgin high-density polyethylene (HDPE)

This paper investigated the stability, mechanical properties, and the microstructure of wood–plastic composites, which were made using either recycled or virgin high-density polyethylene (HDPE) with wood flour (Pinus radiata) as filler. The post-consumer HDPE was collected from plastics recycling plant and sawdust was obtained from a local sawmill. Composite panels were made from recycled HDPE through hot-press moulding exhibited excellent dimensional stability as compared to that made from virgin HDPE. The tensile and flexural properties of the composites based on recycled HDPE were equivalent to those based on virgin HDPE. Adding maleated polypropylene (MAPP) by 3–5 wt% in the composite formulation significantly improved both the stability and mechanical properties. Microstructure analysis of the fractured surfaces of MAPP modified composites confirmed improved interfacial bonding. Dimensional stability and strength properties of the composites can be improved by increasing the polymer content or by addition of coupling agent. This project has shown that the composites treated with coupling agents will be desirable as building materials due to their improved stability and strength properties.     

The effect of interfacial adhesion and morphology on the mechanical properties of polypropylene composites containing different acid surface treated sepiolites

The study of the microstructure of polymeric composites and its relationship to mechanical properties, are of great importance. In the present study vv8 have carried out a study of the microstructure of polymeric composites of polypropylene and different sepiolites treated with organic acids, in order to determine the mesophase produced around We filler particles and its relationship with the mechanical properties of the composites. This study was made using scanning electron microscopy, differential Scanning calorimetry and mechanical tests.     

TiO_2对挤压铸造Al_2O_(3p)/钢基复合材料组织与力学性能的影响

在预制坯中加入TiO_2粉末,利用挤压铸造法制备Al_2O_3颗粒增强1065钢基复合材料,研究TiO_2对复合材料组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明:TiO_2使基体与Al_2O_3的结合界面形成了TiO_2、Al_2TiO_5界面层;添加TiO_2的复合材料硬度和三点弯曲强度分别为39.0HRC,743.94MPa,比未添加TiO_2的复合材料分别提高了10.0%,26.4%;断口扫描表明,添加TiO_2的复合材料界面结合良好无裂纹,Al_2O_3颗粒表现为穿晶断裂。说明加入的TiO_2改善了Al_2O_(3p)/钢基复合材料界面结合强度,提高了复合材料力学性能。     

Green composites based on polypropylene matrix and hydrophobized spend coffee ground (SCG) powder

Green composites were prepared with polypropylene matrix and 20 wt.% spent coffee ground (SCG) powder for uses as a wood plastic composite (WPC). The effects of hydrophobic treatment with palmitoyl chloride on SCG powder is compared with conventional surface treatment based on silanization with (3-glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane and the use of a maleated copolymer compatibilizer (polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride, PP-g-MA) in terms of mechanical properties, morphology, thermal properties and water uptake. Composites were previously mixed in a twin-screw co-rotating extruder and subsequently subjected to injection moulding. The comparative effect of the different surface treatments and or compatibilizers on mechanical performance was studied by flexural, impact tests and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA-torsion); in addition, the stabilizing effect of SCG was revealed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravymetric analysis (TGA). As one of the main drawbacks of wood plastic composites and natural fibre reinforced plastics is the moisture gain, water uptake tests were carried out in order to quantify the effectiveness of the hydrophobization process with palmitoyl chloride. Results show a slight increase in flexural modulus for composites with both untreated and treated/compatibilized SCG powder (20 wt.%). As expected, thermal stability is improved as indicated by an increase of more than 8% in the onset degradation temperature by DSC if compared to unfilled polypropylene. Fracture analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows better particle dispersion for PP-SCG composites with hydrophobized SCG with palmitoyl chloride treatment; in addition a remarkable decrease in water uptake is observed for composites with hydrophobized SCG.     

PA6/EPDM-M/CaCO3三元复合材料力学性能影响因素研究

通过两步法工艺制备了PA6/EPDM-M/CaCO3三元复合材料,并研究了CaCO3粒径、CaCO3用量、EPDM-M用量及预混时间对该复合材料力学性能的影响。研究表明CaCO3粒径对复合材料的力学性能影响最大,尤其是冲击性能。并采用SEM观察了试样的冲击断面,结果显示,含CaCO3粒径较小的复合材料在受到外力冲击时发生明显的塑性变形,断面呈现微纤化,具有较高的冲击强度。     

hBN含量对Si3N4-hBN复相陶瓷性能和微观结构的影响

利用纳米级粉体经热压烧结制备了Si₃N₄-hBN复相陶瓷, 研究了hBN含量对Si₃N₄-hBN复相陶瓷致密度、力学性能、摩擦学性能、微观结构的影响。用阿基米德排水法、三点弯曲法和维氏压痕法测量材料的致密度、力学性能; 用摩擦磨损试验机测试材料的摩擦学性能; 用XRD、EDAX和SEM、LSCM分析观察材料的物相组成和微观结构。研究结果表明, 随着hBN含量的增加, 复相陶瓷的密度将会持续下降, 气孔率先是急剧上升, 然后趋于平缓, 力学性能持续下降, 干摩擦条件下复相陶瓷与GCr15配副的摩擦学性能呈现先提高后降低的趋势, 当hBN含量低于20wt%时, 随着hBN含量的增加, 摩擦系数和磨损率逐渐减小; 当hBN含量大于20wt%时, 摩擦系数和磨损率急剧增大; hBN含量为20wt%时, 获得最低的摩擦系数为0.31。hBN的引入直接影响Si₃N₄-hBN复相陶瓷的微观组织结构, 进而影响复合陶瓷的力学性能和摩擦学性能。     

Effect of material and process parameters on the mechanical properties of unidirectional and multidirectional flax/polypropylene composites

Unidirectional (UD) and multidirectional (MD) flax/polypropylene composites were studied. Flax with varying retting degree and boiled flax was used as reinforcement for the UD composites and unmodified and maleic acid anhydride modified polypropylene (MAA-PP) was used as matrix. Multidirectional flax/polypropylene composites were manufactured on laboratory scale and on pilot scale. They were made from needle-punched hybrid flax/PP non-wovens. Normally retted flax as well as boiled flax was used. For the specimens made on pilot scale, a third kind of flax, namely bleached flax was also studied. The influence of different process times and temperatures on the mechanical properties of the composites was analysed. Generally, the composites have adequate good mechanical properties. The unidirectional composites of boiled flax combined with MAA-PP show the best mechanical properties. Contrary to the UD composites, flax treatment did not lead to the expected property improvements for MD composites.