镁合金微弧氧化及涂装耐电偶腐蚀的研究

在大气环境中,镁合金与碳钢偶接后腐蚀状况严重,将微弧氧化及涂装技术组合进行防腐蚀简易有效.通过中性盐雾试验、湿热试验和模拟潮工业大气试验,研究了镁合金微弧氧化和涂装组合对镁合金电偶腐蚀的抑制作用,分析了不同涂装体系耐蚀性的差异.结果表明:微弧氧化膜/有机涂层的防护体系对镁合金的电偶腐蚀有良好的抑制作用,可使耐蚀性有进一步的提高,其原因是微弧氧化膜与有机涂层具有良好的吸附和嵌合作用;在比较苛刻的腐蚀环境中,微弧氧化与涂装的组合对腐蚀的抑制作用有限.     

压铸镁合金在防冻液中的电偶腐蚀规律研究

研究了压铸AZ91D镁合金分别与A3钢、H62黄铜、LF21铝合金及356号铸铝偶接后在80 ℃汽车防冻液中的电偶腐蚀行为及规律.自然腐蚀电位、电偶电位和电偶电流的测量结果表明,压铸AZ91D镁合金在与上述4种材料构成的电偶对中始终是阳极,且电偶腐蚀的阳极过程在该体系中受到较大的阻滞.电偶腐蚀效应的分析结果表明AZ91D与4种材料偶接后其阳极溶解速度较其未偶接前上升不超过1个数量级,且4种电偶对的电偶腐蚀效应存在如下相对关系:γ356号铸铝＜γLF21＜γH62＜γA3.     

稀土元素(La,Ce)对镁合电偶腐蚀的影响

针对镁合金化学和电化学活性较高,与其他金属材料接触时易产生电偶腐蚀的特点,主要研究了其电偶腐蚀特性及环境因素的影响规律.采用电化学方法通过测定电偶电流密度,研究了添加约1%混合稀土RE(45%La,50?)的AZ91合金在NaCl溶液中与A3钢、紫铜偶接时的电偶腐蚀行为,探讨了溶液中氯离子浓度、偶接金属种类以及阴阳极面积比对电偶电流密度JgMg的影响.结果表明:Cl-浓度增大,JgMg变大;阴阳极面积比越大,JgMg也越大;偶接金属A3钢比紫铜更易促进镁合金的腐蚀;稀土La,Ce的添加使电偶腐蚀有效距离变窄.     

NiAl/AlBN封严涂层的电偶腐蚀行为

采用空气等离子喷涂工艺制备了NiAl/AlBN封严涂层。研究了NiAl/AlBN涂层在5%(质量分数)NaCl溶液中的电偶腐蚀行为。结合极化曲线、开路电位和微观形貌(SEM)观察,对封严涂层的腐蚀机理进行了探讨。通过计算出的平均电偶电流密度,评价了NiAl/AlBN封严涂层的电偶腐蚀敏感性。结果表明,AlBN涂层的腐蚀电位较NiAl涂层低,两者相差约70mV,电偶腐蚀过程中,腐蚀电位较低的AlBN涂层作为电偶对的阳极发生腐蚀,NiAl涂层作为阴极得到保护。NiAl/AlBN涂层的电偶电流密度为3.5331μA/cm2。电偶腐蚀后,电偶对的阳极、阴极的自腐蚀电位均降低了,阳极电位从-808mV负移到-883mV,阴极电位从-740mV负移到-800mV;电偶电位为-814mV。随着腐蚀时间的延长,AlBN涂层的防护性能逐渐减弱。     

大气环境条件下复合材料与金属电偶腐蚀及控制方法研究

研究了碳纤维环氧复合材料与30CrMnSiA钢、LF2防锈铝和TC4钛合金相互偶接时所产生的电偶腐蚀。测量了复合材料与金属在3.5%NaCl溶液中的开路电位，研究了在北京、青岛团岛和海南万宁等典型气候条件下，1，3，5年的大气暴露电偶腐蚀对金属力学性能的影响，结果表明，海南万宁的气候环境对复合材料与30CrMnSiA的电偶腐蚀影响最为严重，对防止电偶腐蚀的方法进行了一定的讨论。     

元素固溶与析出对镁合金耐蚀性影响的研究进展

合金元素的固溶与析出改变了镁基体相电位和第二相的种类,从而显著影响镁合金的微电偶腐蚀行为.本文综述了元素固溶与析出对镁合金耐蚀性影响的研究现状,总结了典型合金元素在镁合金中固溶析出的典型第二相,重点阐述了基于热力学和动力学分析常见镁合金系中的固溶和析出行为对镁合金的腐蚀行为的影响,指出了良好的镁合金候选材料应具备的条件,提出了提高镁合金本征耐蚀性的设计方法,未来研究重点应通过调控镁合金中合金元素的种类和数量来降低镁合金腐蚀速率,扩大合金应用范围.     

人工海水中铝合金与复合材料T700电偶的腐蚀性能

采用失重法、腐蚀电化学试验方法、电偶腐蚀试验方法,研究了铝合金(Al6061)在人工海水中的耐腐蚀性能和电化学特性及其与环氧碳纤维复合材料T700偶接后的电偶腐蚀敏感性.结果表明,Al6061在人工海水中有一定的电化学腐蚀钝化性;Al6061与T700偶接后,电偶腐蚀使Al6061的腐蚀速度明显加快,人工海水中通入空气使电偶腐蚀程度增大;在T700表面涂敷环氧树脂涂层,能有效控制T700与Al6061之间的电偶腐蚀.     

电力输变电系统金具与输电导体的接触电偶腐蚀及保护方法

对热镀5%铝锌合金和纯锌的电力金具与铝导体接触电偶腐蚀行为进行了研究.测定了两种镀层电力金具与输电铝导体接触电偶腐蚀电流密度与时间的关系,分析了腐蚀产物的形貌,测定了不同镀层的中温抗烧蚀性能.结果表明,热镀5%铝锌合金镀层与铝导体的接触电偶腐蚀电流密度比热镀纯锌镀层平均降低了22%,镀层的腐蚀产物主要为非晶物质,镀层在400℃下加热96 h,热烧损失重降低92%.对电力金具钢基体热镀5%铝锌合金,其表面接触电偶腐蚀及热烧损失重比传统热镀纯锌效果更佳.     

稀土元素（La，Ce）对镁合金电偶腐蚀的影响

针对镁合金化学和电化学活性较高，与其他金属材料接触时易产生电偶腐蚀的特点，主要研究了其电偶腐蚀特性及环境因素的影响规律。采用电化学方法通过测定电偶电流密度，研究了添加约1％混合稀土RE（45％La，50％Ce）的AZ91合金在NaCl溶液中与A3钢、紫铜偶接时的电偶腐蚀行为，探讨了溶液中氯离子浓度、偶接金属种类以及阴阳极面积比对电偶电流密度Jg^Mg的影响。结果表明：Cl^-浓度增大，Jg^Mg变大；阴阳极面积比越大，Jg^Mg也越大；偶接金属A3钢比紫铜更易促进镁合金的腐蚀；稀土La，Ce的添加使电偶腐蚀有效距离变窄。     

AZ91D镁合金电偶腐蚀的扫描开尔文探针原位表征

AZ91D镁合金在潮湿、含C1-大气环境中会发生严重的电偶腐蚀.对AZ91D镁合金与Q235碳钢偶接试样在中性盐雾条件下进行了电偶腐蚀试验,利用扫描开尔文探针技术(SKP)原位测量了不同盐雾试验时间后两偶合件表面伏打电位的变化规律.结果表明:由于AZ91D镁合金与Q235碳钢偶接试样存在较大的伏打电位差(约为-1.14...     

TA15钛合金与铝合金和结构钢接触腐蚀与防护研究

通过测定TA15钛合金与铝合金和结构钢组成的电偶对的电偶电流的方法,研究了TA15钛合金在使用中与铝合金和结构钢接触时产生电偶腐蚀的敏感性.结果表明:TA15钛合金与铝合金和30CrMnSiA钢接触时会产生严重的电偶腐蚀,必须进行防护处理方可使用;与30CrMnSiNi2A钢接触产生的电偶腐蚀比较轻微.对铝合金和结构钢进行表面处理可以降低电偶腐蚀敏感性,表面处理后喷涂底漆可进一步降低电偶腐蚀敏感性.     

Al-Zn coatings for the corrosion protection of steel

Aluminum coatings have been reported to be the most suitable for replacing toxic cadmium for the protection of steel and titanium alloys against corrosion. The relatively poor galvanic corrosion protection of aluminium coatings, however, has led to a search for a more effective coating. To this end, pure aluminium and controlled-composition Al-Zn alloy coatings were ion plated onto steel substrates. Over a range of coating conditions the aluminium and the Al-Zn alloy coatings have very similar columnar structures. They were equally successful in protecting the underlying steel. However, a simulation of the coating damage by masking the steel substrate during plating showed the galvanic corrosion protection of Al-2.5%Zn alloy coatings to be superior to that of aluminium. It is probable that this very effective sacrificial corrosion protection means that the structure of the coating is relatively unimportant and that excellent galvanic corrosion protection can be provided by low density columnar structure coatings of Al-Zn alloys.     

表面处理对TC21钛合金与铝合金和钢电偶腐蚀行为的影响

通过测定TC21钛合金与铝合金和钢电偶电流的方法,研究了TC21钛合金与铝合金和钢在使用接触时发生电偶腐蚀的敏感性.结果表明:TC21钛合金与铝合金和钢形成的电偶对极易发生电偶腐蚀,不能直接接触使用;对钛合金和铝合金分别进行阳极氧化处理可以在一定程度降低电偶腐蚀敏感性.TC21钛合金与钢形成的电偶对,电偶腐蚀行为与钢的成分有很大关系,对钛合金进行阳极氧化处理,对钢进行镀镉或镀镉-钛处理可以提高表面抗腐蚀性能,降低电偶腐蚀敏感性.当TC21钛合金与铝合金和钢接触使用时,必须采取有效的防护措施.     

微弧氧化TC4钛合金与金属电偶的腐蚀行为

为了减小钛合金与金属偶合的接触腐蚀,采用微弧氧化技术,在TC4钛合金表面生成了一层主要由Al2TiO5相、锐钛矿TiO2相及金红石TiO2相组成的多孔膜.研究了TC4钛合金微弧氧化前后与45钢、LY12铝合金和紫铜偶合的电偶腐蚀行为.结果表明:3种金属分别与TC4钛合金偶合时,45钢会发生严重的电偶腐蚀,LY12铝合会...     

Recent Progress in Corrosion and Protection of Magnesium Alloys

Magnesium alloys are advanced light structural and functional materials being increasingly used in the automotive, aerospace, electronic, and energy industries. However, their corrosion performance at the current stage of development is still not good enough for increasingly diverse practical applications. The Cooperative Research Centre for Cast Metals Manufacturing (CAST) in Australia is one of the most active research organizations in the world established to cope with the problems associated with the development and application of advanced light metals. Corrosion and prevention of magnesium and its alloys is an important part of CAST's research program. This paper presents a brief summary of recent research achievements by CAST and relevant research work in this area in the world. This overview covers “anodic hydrogen evolution”, estimation of corrosion rate, corrosion of aluminum‐ and non‐aluminum‐containing magnesium alloys, influences of composition and microstructure on corrosion, corrosion of a die‐cast magnesium alloy, galvanic corrosion, coolant corrosion, and an aluminum‐alloyed coating. The aim of this overview is to deepen the current understanding of corrosion and protection of magnesium and its alloys and to provide a base for future research work in this field.     

Galvanisches Verzinken von Magnesiumlegierungen

Zinc‐Plating of Magnesium Alloys Magnesium alloys are highly susceptible to corrosion that limits their application when exposure to corrosive service conditions is needed. One of the ways to prevent corrosion is to coat the magnesium‐based substrate to avoid a contact with an aggressive environment. Results concerning corrosion behaviour of wrought AZ31 magnesium alloy with electrolytic zinc coatings deposited from different electrolyte solutions are described. Evaluation of corrosion processes in chlorides containing solutions was performed by electrochemical measurements. It was found that thick and dense electrolytic zinc coatings formed on AZ31 significantly improve the corrosion behaviour of magnesium alloy after one hour immersion of zinc coated magnesium alloys in corrosive media. Further increase of immersion time leads to relatively fast decrease of corrosion properties. Electrolytic zinc coatings obtained in consecutive alkaline / acidic process demonstrate an improvement of corrosion resistance of coated AZ31. The time to coating degradation strongly increases.     

电偶对中6A01铝合金的电化学腐蚀行为研究

为了解决高速列车环境下6A01铝合金的电偶腐蚀问题,利用电化学阻抗谱和极化曲线等电化学方法研究了6A01铝合金在不同溶液中的电偶腐蚀行为.结果表明:6A01铝合金在NaCl溶液和模拟污水溶液中以点蚀为主,模拟污水溶液中铝合金的腐蚀速率较小,腐蚀速率随时间先增大后减小,再增大再减小,最后趋于稳定,铝合金的耐蚀性能减弱.铝...     

Application of the hybrid process ultrasound enhanced friction stir welding on dissimilar aluminum/dual‐phase steel and aluminum/magnesium joints

Friction stir welding as a solid‐state joining method with its comparatively low process temperatures is suitable for joining dissimilar materials like aluminum/magnesium or aluminum/steel. Such hybrid joints are of great interest regarding lightweight efforts in different industrial fields like the transportation area. The present work investigates the influence of additionally transmitted power ultrasound during the friction stir welding on the joint properties of EN AC‐48000/AZ91 and EN AW‐6061/DP600. Therefore, conventional friction stir welding was continuously compared to ultrasound enhanced friction stir welding. Light microscopic analysis and nondestructive testing of the joints using x‐ray and high frequency ultrasound show different morphologies of the nugget for the aluminum/magnesium joints as well as differences in the amount and size of steel particles in the nugget of aluminum/steel joints. Scanning electron microcopy proves differences in the thickness of continuous intermetallic layers for the aluminum/steel joints realized with and without power ultrasound. Regarding the tensile strength of the joints the power ultrasound leads to increased joint strengths for EN AC‐48000/AZ91 joints compared to a decrease for EN AW‐6061/DP600 joints. Corrosion investigations show an influence of the ultrasound power on the corrosion properties of EN AC‐48000/AZ91 joints which is attributed to a changed aluminum content in the nugget region. Because of the great potential difference between the magnesium and the nugget phase the transitional area exhibits strong galvanic corrosion. For EN AW‐6061/DP600 joints an increased corrosion caused by galvanic effects is not expected as the potentials of the EN AW‐6061 aluminum alloy and DP600 steel are very similar.     

In vitro degradation behaviour of a friction stir processed magnesium alloy

In this study, the in vitro degradation behaviour of a friction stir processed AZ31 magnesium alloy was investigated. Electrochemical experiments in simulated body fluid suggest that friction stir processing marginally enhances the degradation resistance of the alloy, which could be attributed to the dissolution of secondary phase particles. Homogenisation of the microstructure reduces galvanic corrosion. It is envisaged that the beneficial effect would be more pronounced for magnesium alloys which contain high volume fraction of galvanic corrosion inducing secondary phase particles.