两种正交多项式模拟湍流波前的比较

针对Zemike多项式仅在连续单位圆上正交,用于在离散点上构造光学波前必然会引起误差的问题,本文提出用能够在离散点上正交的多项式来模拟经过大气湍流的光学波前.该方法根据湍流的统计理论,采用Gram-Schmidt正交化方法,构造了Malacara多项式表示的湍流波前,并进行了数值模拟.将模拟结果与直接用Zemike多项式模拟的结果进行了比较分析,结果表明:在相同的条件下,该方法的模拟结果更接近统计理论值.     

边缘识别的二维正交多项式拟合及结构变形检测

数字图像中边缘附近的灰度是沿边缘方向和跨边缘方向二维变化的,以前边缘识别的多项式拟合大多采用跨边缘方向的一维拟合.介绍一种采用二维正交多项式进行边缘识别的新方法,由于二维拟合更符合边缘附近小区域内像素灰度二维变化的实际,因此拟合结果优于一维拟合.在进行拟合时,利用正交多项式的正交性将优化方程对角化,避免求逆或解方程,没有多项式拟合优化方程的病态问题,采用高阶多项式拟合可以提高拟合精度.对生成图像的边缘识别结果表明,二维正交多项式拟合识别边缘的精度和稳定性较好.简支梁模型试验表明,采用正交多项式边缘拟合方法检测梁的静变形,图像变形检测精度在0.1像素之内,适当选择图像采集设备和采集范围,点检测精度与传统检测方法的精度相当,边缘检测属线状高密度检测,检测范围远大于传统方法.     

矩形孔径上折射率均匀性数据拟合研究

泽尼克圆多项式在圆形光瞳的正交性和能够代表经典像差而被广泛应用到波前分析中,用泽尼克圆多项式作为矩形光瞳基底函数,通过推导得到在矩形光瞳上正交的多项式.这个在矩形光瞳上正交的多项式不仅是唯一的,而且也能够表示经典像差,就像泽尼克圆多项式在表示圆形光瞳时具有这样的特性一样.矩形光瞳上正交多项式像泽尼克圆多项式一样即可以用...     

多频段拟合的正交多项式方法及其Matlab工具箱

提出了多频段拟合的Forsythe正交多项式方法。该方法分段截取频率、一次性识别所有模态，在提高识别效率的同时，也提高了识别精度。又提出了移动法建立幂多项式与正交多项式间的转换关系，方便程序设计；归一化频率响应函数、频率向量、以及分母幂多项式系数，进一步提高识别精度。采用了不同类型和难度的2D Frame模型、Antenna模型、GARTEUR飞机模拟以及Richardson的三模态算例进行仿真检验。介绍了基于本算法所发展的多频段Forsythe正交多项式总体拟合Matlab工具箱。     

利用正交多项式处理静态测量中的时间漂移因素

测量过程中经常出现随时间漂移的因素从而引起误差.研究了一种适用于这种过程的数据处理方法,利用权函数为1的特殊正交多项式做最佳平方逼近,从而避免求解病态方程组,得到较好的处理结果.比较了Legendre多项式和Gram-Schmidt正交化构造的多项式在处理时间漂移方面的优缺点,并介绍了通过随机误差的平稳性来检验处理结果优劣.最后给出了实例说明这种方法的应用.     

用幂基多项式拟合频向函数的几点技巧

提出了用幂基多项式拟合频响函数的几点技巧。运用幂基多项式和最小二乘法对频响函数拟合的计算公式进行了推导,得到了用于问题求解的线性代数方程组,为改善该方程组系统矩阵的条件数,对频率变量和系数矩阵进行了规范化处理;频率变量被规范化到0＝－1的无量纲正实数区域,两个相关矩阵的每列模长被规范为1。然后用奇异值分解的方法求解该方程组,得到拟合频响函数所用的幂基多项式的系数。最后,根据幂基多项式的系数,求出系统的极点和留数,从而识别出系统的模糊态参数,文中给出了一个悬臂梁模拟算例,结果表明本文算法具有较好的计算精度。     

多项式正交滤波器与共轭正交滤波器组

主要讨论了多项式正交滤波器和共轭正交滤波器组的构造方法，首先利用Riesz引理和特殊的余弦三角形多项式，给出了一种多项式正交滤波器的构造算法，该算法可以构造出一系列特性各异的紧支撑正交小波基；还给出了由一个矩阵CQFs派生多个新的矩阵CQFs的共轭正交滤波器组算法,包括由低阶矩阵CQFs构造高阶矩阵CQFs。     

基于正交多项式法的动力吸振器安装点的等效质量识别

在动力吸振器的设计过程中,为方便匹配和寻找动力吸振器的最优参数,需要识别主系统在安装点的等效质量来将其简化为单自由度系统。针对传统质量感应法操作复杂、识别精度低的缺点,采用正交多项式法来识别主系统的等效质量,通过仿真与实验相结合验证对比正交多项式法和质量感应法的识别结果。结果表明正交多项式法相对于质量感应法识别精度高,实验结果和仿真结果较好的吻合,且通过实验验证利用正交多项式法匹配的动力吸振器有较优的吸振效果,基本符合不动点理论的最优条件。     

压电空心圆柱体中的周向SH波

基于三维线性压电弹性理论,采用一种正交多项式级数方法研究了轴向极化、电开路时正交各向异性压电空心圆柱中的周向SH波。把位移和电势展开成勒让德多项式级数,引入点确定的材料常数以解决边界条件,最后把问题的解简化为一个特征值问题。计算了不同径厚比下FZT-4管道周向SH的波频散曲线和电势分布。讨论了压电的影响。     

数据拟合算法分析及C语言实现

数据拟合在很多地方都有应用,主要用来处理实验或观测的原始离散数据。通过拟合可以更好的分析和解释数据。在引用前人的算法基础上,采用正交多项式最小二乘法进行曲线拟合,通过实验对算法进行了分析,并给出了C语言实现的代码。     

Analysis of first‐order partial differential equations via shifted Chebyshev polynomials

Abstract

The method of Chebyshev polynomials is introduced to represent approximate solutions of first‐order partial differential equations consisting of two independent variables. A set of linear algebraic equations is obtained by using the properties of Chebyshev polynomials and Kronecker product to analyse first‐order partial differential equations. The coefficient vector of Chebyshev polynomials of the first‐order partial differential equations can be obtained directly from Kronecker product formulas, which are suitable for computer computation. A numerical example for a set of first‐order partial differential equations is solved by a Chebyshev polynomials approximation and the results are satisfactory.     

分数阶电报方程的Chebyshev多项式数值解法研究

分数阶电报方程作为通信工程中的一类重要方程,在实际应用中往往很难求得解析解,因而对其进行数值求解就显得至关重要．为了求得分数阶电报方程的数值解,本文借助Chebyshev多项式函数构造相应的微分算子矩阵,并结合Tau方法将待求方程转化为非线性代数方程组,然后对该方程组进行数值离散求解,最后给出的数值算例也验证了该方法的可行性及有效性．     

A higher-order theory for functionally graded beams based on Legendre's polynomial expansion

In this article a higher-order theory for functionally graded beams based on the expansion of the two-dimensional (2D) equations of elasticity for functionally graded materials into Fourier series in terms of Legendre's polynomials is presented. Starting from the 2D equations of elasticity, the stress and strain tensors, displacement, traction, and body force vectors are expanded into Fourier series in terms of Legendre's polynomials in the thickness coordinate. In the same way, the material parameters that describe the functionally graded material properties are also expanded into Fourier series. All equations of the linear elasticity including Hooke's law are transformed into the corresponding equations for the Fourier series expansion coefficients. Then a system of differential equations in terms of the displacements and the boundary conditions for the Fourier series expansion coefficients are obtained. In particular, the first- and second-order approximations of the exact infinite dimensional beam theory are considered in more detail. The obtained boundary-value problems are solved by the finite element method with MATHEMATICA, MATLAB, and COMSOL multiphysics software. Numerical results are presented and discussed.     

基于矩量法的移动荷载识别

从桥梁响应识别桥面移动荷载往往出现逆问题的病态（不适定性）等共性问题。本文基于移动荷载识别理论，借助矩量法求解积分方程理论并采用整域基函数——正交勒让德多项式表达桥面移动荷载，提出了一种移动荷载识别的时域改进算法。两轴车辆多种组合工况下的常载和时变荷载数值仿真研究表明：与时域法比较，改进时域法识别桥面移动荷载时，其识别精度高、抗噪能力强，识别结果不适定性有显著改善。     

Current distribution in a parallel set of conducting strips

The current distribution in a parallel set of thin conducting sheets due to an external applied source is investigated. All sheets are placed in one plane. The source, and all excited fields, are time-harmonic. The frequency is low enough to allow for an electro quasi-static approximation (neglecting the displacement current). The conducting sheets are infinitely long and the current is uniform in the longitudinal direction of the sheets. The sheets have a thin rectangular cross-section, so thin that the current can be assumed uniform in the thickness-direction. Hence, the current distribution only depends on the transverse coordinate. Due to the mutual induction between the sheets, the current distribution over the width of the cross-section becomes non-uniform: it accumulates at the edges of the sheets. It is especially this so-called edge-effect, and its dependence on the applied frequency and the distances between the sheets, that is the aim of this investigation. From the Maxwell equations, a set of integral equations for the current distribution in the sheets is derived. These integral equations are solved, as far as possible by analytical means, by writing the current distribution in each sheet as a series of Legendre polynomials. The general method is worked out for N (N 1) sheets, but explicit results are presented for N=1 and 3. It turns out that the edge-effect becomes stronger for increasing frequencies. For this solution, only a very restricted number of Legendre polynomials are needed.     

Weakly equilibrated basis functions for elasticity problems

In this paper weakly equilibrated basis functions (EqBFs) are introduced for the development of a boundary point method. This study is the extension of the one in (Int. J. Numer. Methods Engng. 81 (2010) 971–1018) using exponential basis functions (EBFs) which are available just for partial differential equations (PDEs) with constant coefficients. Here the EqBFs are evaluated numerically to solve more general PDEs with non-constant coefficients. The EqBFs are found through weighted residual integrals defined over a fictitious domain embedding the main domain. A series of Chebyshev polynomials are used for the construction of the basis functions. By properly choosing the weight functions as the product of two unidirectional functions, here with Gaussian distribution, the main 2D integrals are written as the product of the simpler 1D ones. The results of the integrals can be stored for further use; however in some particular cases the EqBFs may be stored as a set of library functions. The results may also be found useful for those who are interested in residual-free functions in other numerical methods. For the verification, we discuss on the validity of the solution through an essential and comprehensive test procedure followed by several numerical examples.     

Computation of higher‐order moments of generalized polynomial chaos expansions

Because of the complexity of fluid flow solvers, non‐intrusive uncertainty quantification techniques have been developed in aerodynamic simulations in order to compute the quantities of interest required in an optimization process, for example. The objective function is commonly expressed in terms of moments of these quantities, such as the mean, standard deviation, or even higher‐order moments. Polynomial surrogate models based on polynomial chaos expansions have often been implemented in this respect. The original approach of uncertainty quantification using polynomial chaos is however intrusive. It is based on a Galerkin‐type formulation of the model equations to derive the governing equations for the polynomial expansion coefficients. Third‐order, indeed fourth‐order moments of the polynomials are needed in this analysis. Besides, both intrusive and non‐intrusive approaches call for their computation provided that higher‐order moments of the quantities of interest need to be post‐processed. In most applications, they are evaluated by Gauss quadratures and eventually stored for use throughout the computations. In this paper, analytical formulas are rather considered for the moments of the continuous polynomials of the Askey scheme, so that they can be evaluated by quadrature‐free procedures instead. Matlab^© codes have been developed for this purpose and tested by comparisons with Gauss quadratures. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Some results on permutation polynomials over finite fields

This paper deals with two questions concerning permutation polynomials in several variables. Lidl and Niederreiter have considered the problem of when a sum of permutation polynomials in disjoint sets of variables is itself a permutation polynomial, and in the case of prime fields have shown that it is necessary and sufficient that at least one summand be a permutation polynomial. They also showed that in the case of non-prime fields this condition is not necessary. In this paper, a necessary and sufficient condition is obtained for the general case which specialises to the previous result for prime fields. The second part extends a criterion of Niederreiter for permutation polynomials over prime fields to any finite field.