化学镀Ni-Co-P工艺与性能研究

采用复合络合剂-柠檬酸钠和乳酸,通过正交试验优化了化学镀Ni-Co-P工艺,并对镀层的形貌、成分、组织结构及性能进行了检测和分析.结果表明,优化后的化学镀Ni-Co-P镀液稳定性好,镀速高;所得镀层为纳米晶结构,晶粒尺寸在40～60 nm,具有Ni(Co)(111)取向,整个热处理过程中晶粒没有明显长大,在428℃左右镀层发生重结晶,析出Ni3P相:镀层硬度HV10为8867 MPa,在400℃处理后HV10可提高至9892 MPa;镀层矫顽力Hc为556.27×79.6 A/m,饱和磁化强度Ms为48.73(A·m2)/kg,整个热处理过程中,镀层磁性参数变化不大.镀层具有良好的热稳定性.     

高温淬火Co_(72.7)C_(11.8)Si_(15.5)磁性合金的结构和相转变

用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、场致发射扫描电镜和电子探针研究了Co72 .7C11.8Si15.5合金在 10 0 0℃均匀化退火 7d后 ,水淬至室温的相变和相结构。结果表明 :合金由两个相组成 ,一个是具有密排六方 (hcp)结构的基体Co固溶体 ,其晶格常数a =0 .2 5 0 5nm ,c=0 .40 73nm ;另一个是具有六方 (hex)结构的第二相石墨 ,其晶格常数a =0 .2 46 5nm ,c =0 .6 711nm。X射线衍射没有探测到高温fcc Co相的 (2 0 0 )衍射峰 ,表明fcc Co相已完全转变为hcp Co相 ,平衡转变温度在 10 0 0℃以上。在Co金属中复合添加C和Si元素可以容易地获得室温稳定的hcp结构。     

单晶硅表面沉积Ni-Co-P镀层的显微结构和性能

采用化学镀工艺在p型(100)单晶硅表面制备了2种Ni-Co-P镀层,对比分析其显微结构和性能。结果表明:Ni48Co46P6镀层为非晶和纳米晶混合结构,表面均匀分布着直径0.2~3.5μm的球状团簇。而Ni22Co74P4镀层为单相密排六方结构,含有强烈的(0002)晶面择优取向,表面由纳米级梭状团簇和微米级苞状团簇混合而成。在3.5%NaCl溶液中,2种镀层均表现出活化-钝化-过钝化的腐蚀行为,其中Ni48Co46P6镀层的耐蚀性能较好。而在1.0%H2SO4溶液中,2种镀层的耐蚀性能均大幅下降。与Ni48Co46P6镀层相比,Ni22Co74P4镀层的室温电阻率略有降低,饱和磁化强度和矫顽力显著升高。     

超声电沉积制备Ni-ZrO2纳米复合镀层及其结构和性能的研究

制备了纯Ni镀层和Ni-ZrO2纳米复合镀层,并在沉积过程中引入超声波制备了超声Ni-ZrO2纳米复合镀层,对比分析了3种镀层的微观结构及高温抗氧化性、显微硬度、耐磨性。结果表明,超声电沉积Ni-ZrO2纳米复合镀层晶粒尺寸细小,具有良好的高温抗氧化性能、高的显微硬度和优良的耐磨性,并进一步分析了纳米颗粒和超声波在提高镀层性能方面所起的作用。     

电沉积Zn-Ni合金镀层的组织及电化学性能

研究了Zn-Ni合金镀层的组成、相结构及其电化学性能之间的相互关系.采用X射线衍射仪和X射线能谱分析仪分别测定了Zn-Ni合金镀层的结构及成分组成.采用传统的中性盐雾试验和电化学溶出试验研究了系列Zn-Ni合金镀层的电化学行为.试验结果表明,Ni含量为13%～18%时的Zn-Ni合金镀层对钢基体具有最优的保护性能,这是由于此时的镀层具有单一的相结构,使其具有较低的自由能和较好的热力学稳定性所致.     

脉冲电沉积纳米晶Ni-Co合金镀层腐蚀特性研究

采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)等方法研究了脉冲电沉积法制各纳米晶Ni和纳米晶Ni-Co合金镀层的组织结构、表面形貌和成分.用浸泡法和电化学极化法研究了纳米晶Ni和不同Co含量的纳米晶Ni-C0合金镀层在3.5%NaCl(质量分数,下同)和5%HCl溶液中的腐蚀行为.结果表明:通过脉冲电沉积法制各的Ni和Ni-Co合金镀层具有典型的纳米晶结构; 随着含Co量的增加,镀层的晶粒尺寸减小,硬度增加;所制备的纳米晶Ni-Co合金镀层组织结构均匀致密,其在3.5%NaCl溶液和5%HCl溶液中的耐蚀性均优于纳米晶Ni镀层;纳米晶Ni-Co合金镀层在3.5%NaCl溶液的浸泡腐蚀中腐蚀极少,表现出优异的耐腐蚀性能,而在5%HCl溶液中的腐蚀形态则为均匀腐蚀.     

高温淬火Co72.7C11.8Si15.5磁性合金的结构和相转变

用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、场致发射扫描电镜和电子探针研究了Co72.7C11.8Si15.5合金在1000℃均匀化退火7d后,水淬至室温的相变和相结构,结果表明：合金由两个相组成,一个是具有密排六方(hcp）结构的基体Co固溶体,其晶格常数a=0.2505nm,c=0.4073nm;另一个是具有六方（hex)结构的第二相石墨,其晶格常数a=0.2465nm,c=0.6711nm。X射线衍射没有探测到高温fcc-Co相的（200）衍射峰,表明fcc-Co相已完全转变为hcp-Co相,平衡转变温度在1000℃以上。在Co金属中复合添加C和Si元素可以,窬铁地获得室温稳定的hcp结构。     

非等原子比AlCoCrFeNi高熵合金组织及力学性能研究

通过改变Co、Cr、Fe、Ni元素含量,研究了铸态非等原子比Al0.5(Co,Cr,Fe,Ni)4高熵合金的组织和力学性能.结果 表明,Cr元素的增加会提高bcc相体积分数,而Fe、Co、Ni元素的增加会提高fcc相的体积分数;对于Co-Fe、Co-Ni、Fe-Ni元素含量较高的Al0.5(Co,Cr,Fe,Ni)4合...     

钴棒表面Co-Ni合金电镀及耐蚀性能研究

目的提高制备钴60放射源的钴棒在高温空气中的抗氧化能力。方法在金属钴棒表面先电镀Co-Ni合金,再电镀镍,最后在600℃的氢氩混合气中煅烧30 d。用电化学方法研究镀层的耐蚀性能,用XRD、EDS和SEM研究镀层的结构与组成及腐蚀前后的形貌变化。结果通过正交实验获得钴镍合金最佳电镀工艺条件为:电流密度55 m A/cm2,镀液温度65℃,p H=4.0,电镀时间25 min。以30℃、3.5%Na Cl溶液为腐蚀介质,进行塔菲尔曲线、阳极极化曲线、交流阻抗等测试,研究表明存在Co-Ni合金镀层,明显提高了Co棒的耐腐蚀性能。XRD测试表明,煅烧后,钴棒表面的镍镀层不改变面心立方结构。EDS测试表明,钴镍合金镀层中的镍质量分数为89.71%。SEM测试表明,纯钴腐蚀前后形貌变化厉害,钴镍合金腐蚀前后形貌变化不明显。结论介于钴与镍之间的钴镍合金镀层能增强镍在钴棒上的附着力和高温下的耐蚀性能。     

氧化石墨烯含量对电沉积镍-氧化石墨烯复合镀层结构及性能影响

为改善纯电镀Ni层性能,通过向镀液中添加不同含量的氧化石墨烯(GO),利用电沉积技术在Q235 钢表面制备了Ni-GO复合镀层.通过激光共聚焦扫描显微镜(LCSM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜/能谱仪(SEM/EDS)对复合镀层的形貌、物相结构及成分进行了表征,并借助维氏显微硬度计、多功能材料表面性能试验仪及电化学工作站分析了复合镀层的硬度、耐磨性及耐蚀性.结果表明:当镀液中GO含量为200 mg/L时,Ni-GO 复合镀层表面平整致密,GO在镀层中分散效果良好.相对于基体和纯Ni镀层,最佳GO含量制备的Ni-GO复合镀层显微硬度为420.1 HV0.1,摩擦系数(0.52)较低,具有良好的抗摩擦磨损性能.Ni-GO复合镀层在3.5％NaCl溶液中具有较小的自腐蚀电流密度(9.339×10-6 A/cm2),表现出良好的耐蚀性.     

Influence of heat treatments on phase composite and mechanical properties of Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_9 alloy

1　INTRODUCTIONNiTi basedshapememoryalloysarethemostimportantcommercialshapememorymaterials .InNi richNiTialloys ,some precipitatessuchasNi14 Ti11,Ni3Ti2 andNi3Ticanbeobservedduringaging[1,2 ] ,whichcanimprovethesuperelasticityofalloys[3] .Inmanycasesthealloyingorthermomechanicaltreatmentsareusedinordertochangethetempera turerangeofSMEmanifestation .TernaryadditionofniobiumtoNiTiwasreportedtosignificantlywidenthethermalhysteresisofthemartensitetransforma tion[4 ] .Asantypicalexample…     

Influence of 2-butyne-1, 4-diol on the Structure and Performance of the Co-Ni Alloy Plated by Electro-deposition

The effect of 2-butyne-1, 4-diol （BD） on the deposition behavior of the Co-Ni alloy was investigated by linear sweep voltammetry. The results showed that BD could prevent the deposition of the Co-Ni alloy. The effect of BD concentration in the sulfate plating bath, on the structure of the Co-Ni deposit was studied by energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray diffraction, respectively. As a result, BD could smoothen the deposit surface and decrease the diameter of the grain, but too much of BD was not good for the size of the grain. In general, a hexagonal close-packed （hcp） phase of the Co-Ni alloy, with a preferentially oriented （110） plane, was prepared by electrodeposition in the presence of BD. The Co-Ni alloy as a catalyst for the electro-oxidation of ethanol in alkaline medium was investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The deposit plated from the bath containing BD possessed better electro-oxidation of ethanol performance compared with that of the deposit plated from only the sulfate plating bath, but too much of BD was not beneficial for catalytic activity. The Co-Ni film was suitable as a magnetic recording material.     

PRECIPITATION BEHAVIOR IN A Cu—Sn—Ni—Zn—P LEAD FRAME MATERIAL

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations were carried out for examining the precipitation behavior in a Cu-Sn-Ni-Zn-P lead frame material. TEM observations revealed that the precipitate is hexagonal Ni5P2 and the orientation relationship between the Cu matrix and Ni$Pi precipitate is (111)fcc//(0001)hcp, [101]fcc//[1120]hcp, where the suffix fcc denotes the Cu matrix and hep denotes the hexagonal Ni5P2 precipitate. The Ni5P2 precipitate is ovoidal in shape at the beginning of aging at lower temperature. By prolonging the aging time or increasing the aging temperature, Ni5P2 precipitate grows and shows a rod-like shape. The Ni added Cu based lead frame material has a comparative mechanical properties with that of TAMAC15 which has been developed and used in electrical industry.     

Al-Pb互不溶体系机械合金化过程中固溶度的计算

计算了 8种fcc金属 (Ag ,Al,Au ,Cu ,Ni,Pb ,Pd和Pt)和Al Pb互不溶体系的嵌入原子势 (EAM) ,并计算了用EAM模型计算的结构稳定性。计算结果和实验结果吻合较好 ,而且拟合得到的fcc模型在结构上是稳定的。运用拟合得到的数据计算了Pb在Al中的溶解热 ,结果与abinitio计算结果相近。根据机械合金化扩展固溶度的理论 ,计算了Al Pb互不溶体系机械合金化后的固溶度 ,约为 0 .19% (摩尔分数 )。     

Ni含量对粗晶WC-Co-Ni硬质合金组织和性能的影响

以WC-10%(Co+Ni)硬质合金为研究对象,在相同含量的Co+Ni粘结相中采用不同的钴镍比来研究Ni含量对WC-Co-Ni硬质合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明随Co+Ni粘结相中的镍含量的增加,合金中显微组织结构中的粘结相的分布均匀性变差;WC晶粒的尺寸和圆度增大。合金的强度性能结果表明WC-(Co+Ni)硬质合金在粘结相质量分数为60%Co-40%Ni时抗弯强度出现最大值;随Ni含量的增加,WC-(Co+Ni)硬质合金的硬度值相差不大,但呈下降趋势;合金的密度几乎没有变化;合金的钴磁降低,磁力呈现先增后降。     

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Properties of HVOF-Sprayed Co-Cr-W Coating

Co-Cr-W HVOF-sprayed protective coatings are used for their high oxidation and wear resistance. Apart from the oxidation resistance, the stability of their mechanical properties in relation to thermal loading is crucial with respect to the most common high-temperature application areas. This work is focused mainly on evaluation of the heat-induced changes in the phase composition and related mechanical properties. It was shown that the original powder, composed fully from face-centered cubic Co-based alloy, partly changes its phase composition during spraying to a hexagonal close-packed (hcp) structure. The annealing further increases the ratio of the hcp phase in the structure. The heat-induced phase changes are accompanied by an increase in the coatings’ hardness and cohesion strength. The abrasive and adhesive wear behavior was evaluated. While the coatings’ heat treatment had a positive effect on the coefficient of friction, the abrasive and adhesive wear resistance of annealed coating was lower compared to as-sprayed coating.     

Fabrication of Co−Ni−P film with excellent wear and corrosion resistance by electroplating with supercritical CO2 emulsion

To avoid the defects caused by the hydrogen evolution and improve the corrosion and wear properties of the electroplated films in the traditional aqueous bath electrodeposition, a supercritical carbon dioxide (Sc-CO₂) emulsion was proposed to electrodeposite ternary nanocrystalline Co?Ni?P alloy films. Microstructure, corrosive and tribological properties of the Co?Ni?P films were investigated and compared with the ones electroplated by conventional method. The results show that the Co?Ni?P films produced with Sc-CO₂ assisted electrodeposition exhibit a more compact microstructure. The preferred orientation plane of hcp (110) for the Co?Ni?P films produced in conventional aqueous bath is changed to be hcp (100) for the one prepared in emulsified Sc-CO₂ bath. The microhardness, corrosion resistance and tribological properties of the Co?Ni?P films are substantially improved with the assistance of Sc-CO₂ in the electrodeposition bath.     

Magnetic moment (saturation) measurements on hardmetals

This note summarises the background to the use of appropriate units for the measurement of magnetic moment (saturation) in hardmetals. It also discusses the methods used for correlating composition/structure with magnetic properties and indicates the theoretical ranges likely to be obtained in typical industrial products. It includes comparative data obtained on two different measurement systems on both hardmetals and synthetic Co, Co-Ni and Ni alloys containing W and C in solution.     

Ni3Al添加量对WC-Co硬质合金中WC晶粒形状的影响

采用粉末冶金制备技术,以粗WC粉末、Co粉和WC＋Ni3Al预合金粉末为原料制备出WC-40vol％（Co—Ni,Al）硬质合金。利用扫描电镜和透射电镜研究了不同NbAl含量对WC-40vol％（Co—Ni3Al）硬质合金中WC晶粒形状的影响规律。结果表明：W在Co粘结相中的固溶度接近25．4wt％,而W在Ni,Al粘结相中的固溶度接近9．5wt％,随着NbAl含量的增加,粘结相对W的固溶度减小,合金中的WC晶粒圆钝和细小;WC晶粒表面上出现明显的台阶。相应的,延长烧结时间,WC—Co—Ni3Al硬质合金具有与WC—Co硬质合金相同的WC生长行为,WC-40vol％（Co—Ni3Al）硬质合金中的WC晶粒表面上的台阶处出现明显的刻面。     

Co-Ni型超高强度钢的微观组织结构与力学性能

利用透射电镜、扫描电镜等试验手段研究了回火温度对2000 MPa和2200 MPa两种强度级别Co-Ni超高强度钢的微观结构、断口形貌与力学性能的影响。结果表明,两种强度级别Co-Ni超高强度钢的强化均与M2C碳化物有关。Co-Ni超高强度钢在400~450℃回火韧性出现谷值,产生的原因与板条边界存在Fe3C、M3C及M2C处于共格状态,使马氏体基体产生强烈静畸变有关,冲击试样断口微观形貌表现为准解理断裂。Co-Ni超高强度钢在480~510℃回火,马氏体板条内析出细小、弥散的M2C,粗大片状Fe3C被细小、弥散的MC取代,使其具有比较好的强韧性配合。