高性能Cu-Cr-Ag合金的软化性能

在电阻炉内进行了高性能Cu-0.2Cr-0.1Ag合金的退火试验，在573～1073K不同退火温度下进行合金组织观察和性能测试，研究了该合金的软化性能。研究结果表明，Cu-0.2Cr-0.1Ag合金的软化温度大约为723K，固溶的Ag和弥散的Cr可以有效地阻止合金的晶粒长大；在573K软化条件下，Cu-0.2Cr-0.1Ag合金软化率和强度再达98.3%和531MPa，明显高于纯Cu、Cu-Ag合金，具有较高的耐热性。     

Sn添加对Cu-3Ni-0.75Si-0.1Mg合金高温抗软化性能的影响及其机理

采用中频感应熔炼炉制备了 4种不同Sn含量的Cu-3Ni-0.75Si-0.1Mg-xSn合金,研究了 Sn添加对Cu-3Ni-0.75Si-0.1Mg合金高温抗软化性能的影响及其作用机理.结果表明,Sn元素的添加可提高合金的峰值硬度,且随着Sn含量的增加,其提升效果更显著;0.6％Sn元素的添加可提高Cu-3Ni-0.75Si-0.1Mg合金的抗软化温度,这与Sn元素的添加阻碍合金回复和再结晶行为有关;Cu-3Ni-0.75Si-0.1Mg-xSn合金在不同温度区间的退火软化机理不同,低温退火时(450～500℃),退火软化与回复相关;中温退火时(500～600℃),退火软化主要受回复和再结晶影响;当退火温度过高时(＞600℃),退火软化主要受第二相粒子的粗化影响.     

大变形Cu-Ag合金原位纤维复合材料的稳定性

制备了Cu-10Ag和Cu-10Ag-0.05Ce合金,其铸态结构由Ag沉淀、(Cu Ag)共晶和Cu基体组成.采用大变形法制备了两合金的原位纳米纤维复合材料.研究了大变形(真应变ε≥9)合金和时效态合金的结构与性能,观察了Ag沉淀过程.结果表明微量Ce添加剂细化Ag纤维尺寸,提高再结晶温度和不连续沉淀的温度,明显提高形变态、时效态和完全退火态Cu-10Ag合金的拉伸强度,而保持与Cu-10Ag合金相近或相当的导电率.真实应变ε=9.9的大变形Cu-10Ag和Cu-10Ag-0.05Ce合金的抗拉强度分别为1 190和1 430 MPa,导电率分别为68.7%和67.6%IACS,这些性能在低于300℃是稳定的.     

Ag对Cu-10Fe-0.15Zr原位复合材料微观结构及性能的影响

研究了Cu-10Fe-0.15Zr、Cu-10Fe-2Ag-0.15Zr合金微观组织及性能。测定了在不同条件下试验合金的强度和电导率;并利用扫描电镜对材料的微观组织结构进行了观察和分析。结果表明：Cu-10Fe-0.15Zr、Cu-10Fe-2Ag-0.15Zr原位复合材料经（450~500）℃×1 h的最终退火处理,可获得较好的导电性和强度。热稳定性测试表明进行固溶处理后的形变Cu-10Fe-0.15Zr、Cu-10Fe-2Ag-0.15Zr原位复合材料抗软化温度能提高到450~500℃左右。当退火温度低于500℃时,导电率随着温度的升高而升高,而当温度高于这个温度,导电率逐渐下降。Cu-10Fe-2Ag-0.15Zr形变原位复合材料中间退火温度在450℃左右时,可获得最佳的综合性能,抗拉强度1056 MPa、导电率75%IACS、抗软化温度高于450℃。Cu-10Fe-2Ag-0.15Zr合金中添加微量合金元素Ag可使材料的极限抗拉强度增大,并改善材料的热稳定性,但导电率略有提高。     

合金元素对铜基合金导热率及高温强度的影响

本文探讨了合金元素和退火温度对Cu-0.1Ag-xP-yMg和Cu-xSn-yTe合金(所有成分均为质量分数/%)的导热率和软化行为的影响.尽管Cu-0.1Ag-xP-yMg合金中P和Mg的含量较高,但该合金的导电率和软化温度仍然高于Cu-0.1Ag-0.031P合金.Cu-0.032Sn-0.023Te合金的导电率和软化温度与Cu-0.040Sn合金处在同一水平.Cu-0.032Sn-0.023Te合金的导电率和软化温度与目前用于连铸型材料的Cu-0.1Ag-0.013P合金相当.     

稀土元素在Cu-12%Ag合金中形成的化合物及对合金退火性能的影响

采用冷拉拔结合中间热处理制备纤维复合Cu-12％Ag和Cu-12％Ag-0．3％RE合金,在不同温度对合金进行退火,分析合金中稀土化合物形态与结构,研究合金组织性能在退火过程中的变化规律及稀土元素的作用。结果表明：合金中初生富Cu枝晶及共晶体在拉拔过程中形成纤维复合组织,并在500℃退火演变为等轴晶粒;随退火温度升高,合金强度下降而其电导率升高;添加0．3％的稀土元素能够在Cu．12％Ag合金中形成（Cu,Ag）6（Ce,La）化合物粒子,并可提高300℃以下退火合金的抗软化能力,但使合金的电导率略为下降;（Cu,Ag）6（Ce,La）化合物粒子在拉拔过程中基本不变形,也不明显影响纤维组织退火时的再结晶行为。     

退火处理对冷拉拔亚微米晶Cu-5wt%Cr合金组织与性能的影响

对冷拉拔的亚微米晶Cu-5wt%Cr合金丝材进行350～1000℃退火处理,用透射电镜分析了退火后合金回复与再结晶以及Cr相析出的变化,并测定合金硬度、强度、伸长率和电导率的变化.结果表明,冷拉拔的亚微米晶Cu-5wt%Cr丝材在450 ℃左右退火后析出大量Cr相颗粒,其再结晶软化温度为480～560℃.经550℃退火,得到了晶粒尺寸为200～300 nm的再结晶组织.其电导率在550℃左右退火时出现峰值.冷拉拔的亚微米晶Cu-5wt%Cr丝材在600 ℃以上退火,其组织和性能趋于稳定.经800 ℃高温退火,Cu基体晶粒长大到500～600 nm,仍保持在亚微米级.Cr相颗粒有阻碍Cu基体晶粒长大的作用,从而使亚微米晶Cu-5wt%Cr的组织和性能比较稳定.     

冷变形Cu-0.36Cr(wt%)合金的抗软化性能和再结晶行为

通过光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜和硬度测试,研究了析出相尺寸不同的冷变形Cu-0.36Cr(wt%,下同)合金的抗软化性能和高温再结晶行为.结果表明,Cr可以有效地阻碍再结晶过程,提高材料抗高温软化性能;在退火过程中可发生原位再结晶和不连续再结晶两种再结晶形式,再结晶的形式主要取决于析出相颗粒的大小,可以钉扎住晶界移动的Cr析出相的临界尺寸约为43.8 nm,小于临界尺寸的析出相促使原位再结晶发生,原位再结晶后析出相仍比较细小,合金保持较高硬度;而且析出相尺寸还可以影响再结晶的开始温度和速度.     

退火Cu-0.1Ag合金组织性能及再结晶特征

采用光学显微镜、硬度和电导率测试等方法研究了不同变形量Cu-0.1Ag铜银合金不同温度退火下的组织性能变化规律及再结晶特征。结果表明:随变形量增加,再结晶后晶粒更加细小;硬度在回复阶段几乎不变或略有上升,在再结晶阶段直线下降,再结晶完成后硬度趋于定值。退火温度越高,硬度下降较快,再结晶速率较快。电导率在回复与再结晶过程中显著上升,再结晶完成后电导率趋于定值。室温拉拔变形量26%及50%Cu-0.1Ag合金的再结晶激活能分别为82 k J/mol及69.6 k J/mol,在400~500℃范围内完成再结晶所需时间与温度函数关系分别为lnt=8.2×104/RT-7.56和lnt=6.96×104/RT-6.04。     

Cu-Ag-Zr-Ce合金时效性能和电磨损性能的研究

本文对Cu-0.1Ag-0.18Zr-0.068Ce合金时效后的导电率和显微硬度以及电滑动磨损性能进行了研究.结果表明合金940℃固溶1 h后,在560℃时效可获得较高的导电率;在480℃时效可获得较高的显微硬度.时效前冷变形能大大加快第二相的析出过程,使合金综合性能得到显著提高.固溶合金经60%变形后在480℃时效1 h其导电率和显微硬度分别可达83%IACS和135 HV.在载流条件下,Cu-0.1Ag-0.18Zr-0.068Ce合金的耐磨性能较Cu-0.1Ag-0.18Zr合金大幅度提高.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.