高钯合金捕集网中钯的状态

用ＸＰＳ研究了氨氧化装置中使用的高钯合金捕集网中钯的化学状态，新网中钯仅以Ｐｄ＾０一种形态存在（Ｐｄ３ｄ５／２，ＢＥ＝３３５．２ｅＶ）使用后，Ｐｄ３ｄ５／２ＢＥ值向高电子结合能力方向位移，钯的化学状态发生变化，以Ｐｄ和ＰｄＯ形态存在，定量测定了Ｐｄ＾０和ＰｄＯ浓度，发现Ｐｔ／Ｐｄ和ＰｄＯ浓度成反比，由此讨论了钯和高钯合金回收铂的机制。     

用硫代米蚩酮分光光度法同时测定铂钯

在ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００存在下的乙酸盐缓冲溶液中用硫代米蚩酮（ＴＭＫ）分光光度法同时测定Ｐｄ、Ｐｔ，实验表明，室温下Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）、Ｐｔ（Ⅳ）共存互相干扰。但在抗坏血酸（ＶＣ）存在下可抑制大量Ｐｔ的显色而测定Ｐｄ，在ＶＣ—ＫＩ存在下Ｐｄ、Ｐｔ同时显色，差减法测定Ｐｔ。采用双（十二烷基亚磺酰）乙烷高选择性萃取Ｐｄ、Ｐｔ而与贱金属和其它贵金属分离，可应用于高纯Ｃｕ、Ｎｉ及矿物中Ｐｄ、Ｐｔ的测定，获得满意的结果。     

用硫代米Chi酮分光光度法同时测定铂钯

在ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００存在下的乙酸盐缓冲溶液中用硫代米Ｃｈｉ桐（ＴＭＫ）分光光度法同时测定Ｐｄ，Ｐｔ实验表明，室温下Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）Ｐｔ（Ⅳ）共存互相干扰，但在抗坏血酸（ＶＣ）存在下可抑掉大量Ｐｔ的显色而测定Ｐｄ，在ＶＣ－ＫＩ存在下Ｐｄ，Ｐｔ同时显色，差减法测定Ｐｔ。采用双（十二烷基亚磺酰）乙烷高选择性萃取Ｐｄ，Ｐｔ而与贱金属和其它贵金属分离，可应用于高纯Ｃｕ，Ｎｉ及矿物中Ｐｄ，Ｐｔ的测定，获得满意的     

Cu－Pd合金的性能和结构

用实验方法研究了Ｃｕ－Ｐｄ系中的Ｃｕ－１６．６７Ｐｄ和Ｃｕ－３７．５Ｐｄ合金的性能与结构，发现合金性能反常。在长时间热处理后形成四方晶体的Ｃｕ５Ｐｄ有序化合物及体心立方β相，但未证实Ｃｕ５Ｐｄ３的存在。     

Cu—Pd合金的性能和结构

用实验方法研究了Ｃｕ－Ｐｄ系中的Ｃｕ－３７．５Ｐｄ合金的性能与结构，发现合金性能反常。在长时间热处理后形成四方晶体的Ｃｕ５Ｐｄ有序化合物及体心立方β相，但未证实Ｃｕ５Ｐｄ３的存在。     

Pd韧化Ni3Al的微观机制

在对含Ｐｄ的Ｎｉ３Ａｌ合金进行成键特征分析基础上，用已建立的理论模型解释了Ｐｂ韧化Ｎｉ３Ａｌ的微观机制。Ｐｄ在Ｎｉ３Ａｌ中占据Ｎｉ原子位置，其成键电子的离域程度远大于Ｎｉ原子，可有效地削弱共价键的方向性而强化晶界结合力，改善多晶Ｎｉ３Ａｌ的韧性。偏离化学计量比对Ｐｄ韧化Ｎｉ３Ａｌ效果的影响，是因为Ｐｄ－Ｎｉ键较Ｐｄ－Ｎｉ键强。降低Ａｌ含量可增加离域的成键电子数，有利于Ｎｉ３Ａｌ的韧化。     

溶剂萃取分离金川料液中的贵金属

用全萃取分离金川Ｏｓ、Ｒｕ蒸馏残液中的贵金属。首先用贵贱金属分离法除去残液中的贱金属及硫酸盐，使贵金属转入盐酸介质，然后用ＤＢＣ萃金，自制的Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）萃取剂萃Ｐｄ或共萃Ｐｔ、Ｐｄ再用ＴＢＰ萃Ｉｒ，萃残液为粗氯铑酸溶液，给出了贵贱分离及全萃取的实验数据。     

Nd—Pd—Ru三元系富钯区域的相图

用Ｘ射线衍射和金相显微镜分析方法研究了Ｎｄ－Ｐｄ－Ｒｕ三元系的富钯区域，作出部分相图的７００℃等温截面。发现Ｒｕ在（ＮｄＰｄ３）中有高达１３ａｔ％的固溶度。该截面上存在４个单相区：（Ｐｄ），（Ｒｕ），ＮｄＰｄ５和ＮｄＰｄ３；５个二相区：（Ｐｄ）＋（Ｒｕ），（Ｐｄ）＋ＮｄＰｄ５，ＮｄＰｄ５＋ＮｄＰｄ３，ＮｄＰｄ３＋（Ｒｕ）和ＮｄＰｄ５＋（Ｒｕ）；２个三相区：（Ｒｕ）＋ＮｄＰｄ３＋ＮｄＰｄ５和（Ｐｄ）＋（Ｒｕ）＋ＮｄＰｄ５。     

ICP—AES等效浓度差减法测定铂网中的钯铑及杂质元素

用外加内标，标准中不配入主体元素的ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ等效浓度差减法，测定了硝酸生产用铂催化网中的Ｐｄ，Ｒｈ和Ｃｅ，以及杂质元素。Ｐｔ对Ｐｄ，Ｒｈ，ＰｔＰｄＲｈ对添加元素和待测杂质的影响，用差减其相应等效浓度的方法校正。方法简便，准确，并能节省配制标准的铂。     

稀土元素对钯的力学性能的影响

研究了０．１－０．６ａｔ％ＲＥ元素对Ｐｄ的力学性能的影响。稀土不仅提高Ｐｄ的室温强度和弹性模量，也提高Ｐｄ的高温瞬时强度，蠕变寿命和激活能以及Ｐｄ的延伸率。在稀浓度范围内，强度性随浓度呈线性增高。按０．１ａｔ％ＲＥ归一化处理ＰｄＲＥ合金强度性质有反常的影响：在所有Ｐｄ－ＲＥ合金中，Ｐｄ－Ｅｕ合金有最高的强度性质，其次为Ｐｄ－Ｙｂ和Ｐｄ－Ｃｅ合金。稀土在合金中的作用机制，如净化杂质，提高再结晶温度，     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

Secondary Recrystallization Behaviors of Grain-Oriented 6.5 wt% Silicon Steel Sheets Produced by Rolling and Nitriding Processes

By rolling and nitriding processes, 0.23- to 0.3-mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheets were produced. The core losses of grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 20 k Hz were lower than that of the grain-oriented 3 wt% silicon steel with the same thickness by 16.6–35.8%. The secondary recrystallization behavior was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction. The results show that the secondary recrystallization in high-silicon steel sheets develops more completely as the nitrogen content increases after nitriding, secondary recrystallized grain sizes become larger, and the sharpness of Goss texture increases. Because more {110}116 grains in the subsurface and the central layer of the sheets have a lot of 20°–45° high-energy boundaries in addition to Goss grains, {110}116 can be the main component through selective growth during secondary recrystallization when the inhibitor quantity is not enough and inhibitor intensity is weaker. The increases in nitrogen content can increase the inhibitor intensity and hinder abnormal growth of a mount of {110}116 grains and therefore enhance the sharpness of Goss texture.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

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正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis