ZL109铝合金及其复合材料干滑动磨损表面及亚表面的观察与分析

利用预制体挤压浸渗法分别制备了Al2O3或C短纤维单一增强以及两者混杂增强ZL109金属基复合材料，探讨了基体合金及其复合材料的干滑动摩擦磨损行为，并对其磨损表面及亚表面形貌进行了观察和分析。结果表明：C纤维在复合材料中起到一定的自润滑作用，Al2O3和C短纤维混杂增强复合材料的磨损率低于基体合金和单一纤维增强的复合材料。与基体相比，单一Al2O3增强复合材料从轻微磨损到急剧磨损的临界转变载荷明显提高，经C纤维混杂后，其临界载荷进一步提高。经磨损表面及亚表面的观察与分析表明：纤维增强对基体合金的磨损机制没有明显影响，在轻微磨损阶段，主要磨损机制为犁沟磨损和层离，亚表面分为3个区域：表层未脱落的剥离层、亚表面裂纹形成区以及未受影响区。发生严重磨损时，磨损机制转变为严重的粘着磨损，此时表层未脱落的剥离层遭到破坏。     

碳纤维含量对Al2O3+C/ZL109混杂复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

利用挤压铸造法制备了A1203 C／ZLl09短纤维混杂金属基复合材料，并探讨了A1203纤维体积分数为12％时，C纤维含量对该混杂复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明：随着C纤维体积分数的增加，复合材料的摩擦因数和磨损率逐渐降低。12％A1203和4％C短纤维的协同作用使复合材料从轻微磨损到急剧磨损的临界转变载荷比基体合金提高了1倍。当载荷低于临界载荷时，复合材料的主要磨损机制为犁沟磨损和层离，C纤维的加入有利于磨损表面裂纹尺寸的减小。但随着载荷的逐渐增加并发生严重磨损时，基体和复合材料的磨损机制均为严重的粘着磨损甚至局部熔化磨损。     

Casting fabrication of in situ Al3Ti-Al composites and their wear behaviors

The Al3li intermetallic reinforced pure Al, Al-13Si and Al-17Cu matrix composites were prepared by casting method. Their microstructures and dry sliding wear behaviors at room temperature and 100℃ were particularly investigated. The results indicated that the Al3Ti phases in these composites were all in flaky form. But the aspect ratio of the Al3Ti platelets decreased with the increase of Ti content in the pure AI, Al-Cu and Al-Si matrix composites, in order of effectiveness. The effect of Si on the Al3Ti morphology seemed to be greater than that of Cu. The distributions of the Al3Ti platelets were different in the different matrix composites, leading to different grain refining effects. Except for the sub-wear regime of adhesive wear, the plastic deformation induced wear was a dominant wear mechanism for all of the composites at room temperature and 100℃. Increasing the testing temperature, decreasing the Al3Ti content or the hardness of materials could enhance these two wear mechanisms, and thus increase the wear rate. The Al-Cu matrix composite had the best wear resistance, while the pure Al matrix composite showed the worst for the same Ti content. These differences or changes were attributed to the differences in materials' hardness or the strengthening effects of the Al3Ti platelets.     

高硅铝合金及其原位复合材料干滑动磨损性能与机制

采用熔体反应法制备了(Al2O3 Al3Zr)p/Al-22%Si原位复合材料。探讨了高硅铝合金及其原位复合材料的干滑动磨损行为,并对其磨损表面和亚表面形貌进行了观察和分析。试验结果表明:复合材料的磨损量显著低于同条件下高硅铝合金的磨损量,且随颗粒体积分数的增大,复合材料的磨损量减小。磨损表面亚表面的SEM观察分析表明:高硅铝合金磨损表面存在与亚表面相连的撕裂纹和宽大的犁沟,其磨损机制为粘着磨损加磨粒磨损的混合型磨损;复合材料的磨损表面亚表面平整光滑,主要表现为磨粒磨损。     

粉煤灰/铝-镁合金复合材料的微观组织及摩擦磨损性能

采用粉末冶金法制得粉煤灰/Al-25%Mg复合材料,研究不同粉煤灰含量对复合材料微观组织、硬度和摩擦磨损性能的影响,采用扫描电子显微镜观察复合材料的磨损表面形貌,并对其磨损机制进行探讨。结果表明:随着粉煤灰含量的增加,复合材料的硬度呈现先增大而后减小的趋势;在较低粉煤灰含量和较低载荷下,该复合材料的摩擦因数均低于基体铝合金的,并且随粉煤灰含量的增加复合材料的耐磨性有所提高,复合材料的磨损机制主要为粘着磨损和磨粒磨损;在较高粉煤灰含量和较高载荷下,该复合材料的磨损机制转化为以剥层磨损和磨粒磨损为主。     

硅酸铝短纤维增强Al-12Si合金复合材料的磨损行为

用挤压铸造法制备了低体积分数（３％～７％）的硅酸铝短纤维增强Ａｌ１２Ｓｉ合金复合材料,并利用销盘磨损试验机研究了材料在干摩擦条件下的磨损行为。磨损试验结果表明：硅酸铝短纤维加入到Ａｌ１２Ｓｉ合金明显提高抗磨损能力,随纤维体积分数的增加该复合材料的耐磨性逐渐增强。金相观察和测试表明：基体合金和复合材料的磨损区由硬化层和变形层组成,断裂的ＡｌＳｉ共晶相沿滑动方向重新分布排列形成了硬化层;而复合材料硬化层由于破断的硅酸铝纤维和破碎的ＡｌＳｉ共晶相的共同作用,使该硬化层硬度高于基体合金硬化层的硬度,从而使复合材料表现出优异的耐磨性。并根据试验结果提出了基体合金和复合材料的磨损机制模型     

Effect of graphite particle size on wear property of graphite and Al_2O_3 reinforced AZ91D-0.8%Ce composites

The graphite particles and Al_2O_3 short fibers reinforced AZ91D-0.8%Ce composites were fabricated by squeeze-infiltration technique.The researches about the effects of different graphite particle sizes on the microstructure and wear property of the composites were performed under the condition of constant contents of graphite particles and Al_2O_3 short fibers.The results reveal that the grain size of the composites changes less when the graphite particle size descends.Moreover,Ce enriches around the gr...     

Wear properties of potassium titanate whiskers-reinforced Al-12Si alloy composites

Potassium titanate(K2O·6TiO2) whiskers-reinforced Al-12Si alloy composites were prepared by the squeeze casting technique.Wear properties of the composites were investigated by pin-on-disc tests under dry conditions.The experimental results showed that K2O·6TiO2 whiskers can effectively reinforce the matrix alloy and improve the wear resistance of the composite when the volume fraction of whiskers is low at 10 vol%.However,the composites with a high volume fraction of whiskers showed lower wear resistance than the Al-12Si alloy.The main wear mechanism of the composites is clarified as de-lamination and abrasive wear.     

Microstructures and properties of graphite and Al2O3 short fibers reinforced Mg-Al-Zn alloy hybrid composites

Graphite and Al2O3 short fibers reinforced Mg-Al-Zn alloy hybrid composites were fabricated by perform squeeze-infiltration route. The effects of the volume of graphite particles on the microstructure, mechanical properties and tr/bological behavior were investigated under the conditions of constant size of graphite particle and volume of Al2O3 short fiber. The results reveal that the uniform distribution of the reinforced graphite particles and Al2O3 short fiber can be obtained by this technique, and they have strong bonding with the metal matrix. Increasing graphite volume results in decrease in hardness, the ultimate tensile strength whereas the Al2O3 short fiber makes contribution to the increase in hardness of the composite. The composite exhibits good wear resistance, small wear mass loss and low coefficient of friction as compared with the metal matrix. The wear mechanisms transit from oxidation wear, abrasion wear into delamination wear as the applied load is increased, and a film of lubricant covering almost entire surface of specimen, is found to be formed, which separates the wear surfaces from metal to metal contact and thus improves the tribological properties.     

电磁铸造法制备的(Al2O3+Al3Zr)p/A359复合材料的磨损行为

利用A359-Zr(CO3)2体系原位反应合成法制备(Al2O3 Al3Zr)p/A359颗粒增强铝基复合材料,在制备过程中施加低频交变电磁场进行搅拌以提高复合材料的耐磨性能.干滑动摩擦磨损试验表明:复合材料的耐摩擦性比纯基体合金明显提高,施加电磁搅拌后复合材料的耐摩擦性进一步提高,特别是在较大载荷下的耐摩擦性大幅提高,从轻微磨损到急剧磨损的临界转变载荷由58.8 N提高到78.8 N.磨损表面的SEM分析显示:纯基体合金为粘着磨损和剥层磨损,复合材料的磨损为以磨粒磨损为主和少量的剥层磨损,施加电磁搅拌后的复合材料为纯磨粒磨损.     

Effect of graphite content on wear property of graphite/Al_2O_3/Mg-9Al-1Zn-0.8Ce composites

Using squeeze-infiltration technique, Mg-9Al-1Zn-0.8Ce composite reinforced by graphite particles and Al2O3 short fibers was fabricated. The reinforcing phases combined closely with the matrix and no agglomeration was observed. The microstructure, hardness and wear property of the composites with the graphite content of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% were investigated, respectively. The results reveal that Ce tends to enrich around the boundaries of graphite particles and Al2O3 short fibers, and forms Al3Ce phase. Wh...     

Role of Al2O3 fiber in eutectic Al-Si alloy composites

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Mechanical properties and creep resistance of Mg-Li composites reinforced by MgO/Mg_2Si particles

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Microstructures and wear properties of graphite and Al2O3 reinforced AZ91D-Cex composites

The magnesium matrix composites reinforced by graphite particles and Al2O3 short fibers were fabricated by squeeze-infiltration technique. The additions dispersed uniformly and no agglomeration and casting defect were observed. The microstructures and wear properties of the composites with different Ce contents of 0, 0.4%, 0.8% and 1.0%, respectively, were investigated. Especially, the effect of Ce on the properties was discussed. The results reveal that Ce enriches around the boundaries of graphite particles and forms Al3Ce phase with Al. The addition of Ce refines the microstructures of the composites. With the increase of Ce content, the grain size becomes smaller and the wear resistance of the composite is improved. At low load, the composites have similar worn surface. At high load, the composite with 1.0% Ce has the best wear resistance due to the existence of Al3Ce phase. The Al3Ce phase improves the thermal stability of the matrix so the graphite particles can keep intact, which can still work as lubricant. At low load, the wear mechanism is abrasive wear and oxidation wear. At high load, the wear mechanism changes to delamination wear for all the composites.     

Friction and wear properties of ultra-high molecular mass polyethylene reinforced with Al2O3 nano-particle

The ultra-high molecular mass polyethylene (UHMMPE) as an artificial joint acetabular material was filled with nano-powder of Al2O3 of various mass fractions. The effect of Al2O3 mass fraction on the hardness, wetting property and tribological properties of the Al2O3-UHMMPE composites under dry friction sliding against both stainless steel and Ti-6Al-4V alloy was investigated. The morphologies of the worn surfaces of composites were observed with optical microscope. The results show that, wetting property and wear resistance of the composites are improved by filling Al2O3, while the friction coefficient is decreased largely under dry friction as compared with that of the unfilled UHMMPE. This is attributed to the reinforcing function of the nano-powder of Al2O3 in the composites. The wear of UHMMPE is dominated by plowing, plastic deformation and fatigue wear; while the Al2O3-UHMMPE composites are characterized by the mild fatigue wear.     

硼酸镁晶须增强6061铝基复合材料的干摩擦磨损行为(英文)

研究搅拌铸造工艺制备的硼酸镁晶须增强6061铝基复合材料在干滑动条件下的摩擦磨损性能。复合材料的体积分数为2%,根据增强体种类,材料分别记为:Al基体、Mg2B2O5w/6061Al、ZnO/Mg2B2O5w/6061Al和CuO/Mg2B2O5w/6061Al;讨论磨损速率和摩擦因数之间的关系。结果表明:在4种材料中,ZnO/Mg2B2O5w/6061Al复合材料的磨损率最低。随着载荷和滑动速度的增大,基体和复合材料的摩擦因数和磨损率降低,摩擦磨损机制由轻微磨损机制转向严重磨损机制。     

Effect of alumina short fiber and air-cooling processing on solidification microstructure and tensile properties of Al2O3/Al-15Si composites

The effect of microstructure variation by addition of alumina short fiber and optimization of tensile properties by air-cooling processing in Al2O3/Al-15Si composites were studied.The results show that in Al-015Si alloy matrix composites with 14% and 30%(volume fraction)fiber,the primary silicon is hardly refined,but the eutectic silicon is effectively refined and granulated.Granulation of some eutectic silicon mainly happens in fiber segregation areas.Refining and granulation of the eutectic silicon are related to the physical constraint arising from the fiber,After the 30%Al2O3/Al-15Si composite was remelted and air-cooled,the number of the eutectic silicon on the surface of the fiber increases,which results in the improvement of fiber/matrix interface and tensile properties for the as-cast composite,Air-cooling processing may be reliable for the optmization of the microstructure and properties of fiber reinforced hypereutectic Al-15Si alloy composites.     

颗粒增强Al－4％Mg复合材料中显微孔隙的分析

探讨了Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＳｉＣ、ＳｉＯ２等三种颗粒增强Ａｌ－４％Ｍｇ复合材料凝固组织中显微孔隙的形成规律．结果表明：前者显微孔隙是由Ａｌ２Ｏ３颗粒加入导致熔体粘度增加、颗粒堵塞枝晶间的补缩流动通道以及颗粒与基体合金的热膨胀系数的差异三种因素所引起；第二种材料由于气孔易在ＳｉＣ颗粒表面形核，或者ＳｉＣ颗粒与基体结合较弱，使得该复合材料比前者易形成显微孔隙；第三种复合材料，是由于ＳｉＯ２颗粒与基体间发生了界面反应，一定量的Ｓｉ溶入了基体，增大了基体的凝固潜热，从而提高了基体合金凝固时的补缩流动能力，所以ＳｉＯ２ｐ／Ａｌ－４％Ｍｇ复合材料的凝固组织比同样条件下Ａｌ２Ｏ３ｐ／Ａｌ－４％Ｍｇ和ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ－４％Ｍｇ复合材料致密。     

C/Al2O3复合材料的固体粒子冲蚀行为与磨擦磨损性能研究

以溶胶浸渍热处理技术路线制备的碳纤维布叠层缝合预制件增强Al₂O₃(C/Al₂O₃)复合材料为对象,以刚玉粉为介质,研究了复合材料的固体粒子冲蚀行为,按照GB5763-2008规定的条件研究了复合材料的磨擦磨损性能。室温下,复合材料冲蚀率随着冲击角度与送粉量的增大而增加;温度升高,由于机械冲击和热冲击的双重作用,冲蚀率显著变大。在GB5763-2008规定的条件下,C/Al₂O₃复合材料具有稳定的摩擦系数和很低的磨损率。结合微观形貌分析,探讨了复合材料的冲蚀与磨损机理。得益于连续碳纤维的补强增韧作用,即使基体致密度低于单体Al2O3陶瓷,C/Al₂O₃复合材料在冲蚀和磨损时不会发生脆性断裂,使用安全性优于单体Al₂O₃陶瓷。     

增强颗粒对镁基复合材料磨损性能的影响(英文)

研究增强颗粒Mg2Si对镁基复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,讨论Si加入量、载荷和滑动速度对Mg2Si/AM60镁基复合材料磨损性能的影响。结果表明,向镁合金中加入合金元素Si,可原位生成增强颗粒Mg2Si,增强颗粒Mg2Si可明显提高AM60镁合金的磨损性能。随着载荷和滑动速度的增加,AM60镁合金和Mg2Si/AM60镁基复合材料的磨损量都增大。AM60镁合金的磨损机制为粘着磨损。随着载荷的增大,Mg2Si/AM60镁基复合材料的磨损由磨粒磨损向粘着磨损转变。