SiCp/LD2复合材料的激光焊焊缝组织及性能研究

用连续CO2激光焊焊接了SiCp/LD2复合材料，用光学显微镜和X射线衍射仪分析了焊缝组织，结果表明，在所用的热输入范围内，焊缝中均发生了界面反应，生成了针状Al4C3。随着热输入的增大，针状Al4C3的尺寸增大，而焊缝中的气孔由圆形变为不规则状。SiC与Al发生界面反应时产生的Si分布较均匀，大部分以Al-Si共晶的形式存在。通过在工件之间添加一LD2嵌条进行对接焊，较好地控制了Al4C3的形成，得到了性能良好的接头。     

TA2中厚板低功率激光诱导双电弧高效焊接及机理

采用低功率脉冲激光诱导双TIG复合焊接热源(LITTW)实现了6 mm厚TA2纯钛中厚板的高效焊接,基于Ti粒子的动力学行为,研究了激光脉冲对电弧等离子体的影响.结果表明,LITTW比激光诱导单TIG焊接(LISTW)的电弧能量更加集中,焊接能耗仅为LISTW的50.9%,速度却达到LISTW的2.3倍.激光脉冲作用后,电弧等离子体由能量集中状态恢复到原始电弧形态存在一个恢复时间,在本试验条件下,LITTW的恢复时间为6.5 ms,比LISTW延长了3 ms. LITTW中稳定的匙孔形态为Ti粒子持续向电弧等离子体转移提供了条件,延长了电弧等离子体的恢复时间.     

SiC_p/3003Al复合材料与3003Al的闪光对焊研究

采用连续闪光对焊的焊接方法 ,对 Si Cp/30 0 3Al复合材料与 30 0 3Al合金的焊接性进行研究。试验结果表明 :在合适的工艺参数下 ,Si Cp/30 0 3Al与 30 0 3Al合金闪光对焊焊缝区结合致密、无气孔及裂纹等缺陷 ;接头强度高且随增强相 ( Si C颗粒 )体积分数的增加而增加。因此 ,采用闪光对焊方法焊接颗粒增强型 Al基复合材料是可行的     

交流窄脉冲占空比调制对钛合金微弧氧化陶瓷涂层的影响

采用交流窄脉冲微弧氧化法于Na2SiO3-KOH-（NaPO3)6溶液中在Ti6A14V表面形成了陶瓷化涂层。用常压氧化方式(U=500V)，研究了正脉冲占空比对涂层生长速率、组织形貌和相组成的影响。为优化工艺，采用常流氧化方式(J=60mA／cm^2)，并提出了占空比分级调节制度。结果表明：常压方式下，随正脉冲占空比的增大，涂层的生长速率增加，涂层的表面逐渐变得粗糙。涂层主要由TiO2(锐钛矿相及金红石相)相组成，随占空比的增大，涂层中锐钛矿相TiO2的相对含量减小，金红石相TiO2的相对含量增加，并成为主晶相。正脉冲占空比为8％时可获得组织结构较致密且较厚的涂层。采用常流氧化方式，涂层的生长速率比常压方式明显增加，进而对占空比进行分级式调节可使涂层的表面结构得到改善。     

超声条件下脉冲电镀 Ni-纳米 Al2 O3 复合镀层及其显微硬度研究

目的优选脉冲参数,以获得具有较高显微硬度的复合镀层。方法超声条件下,采用脉冲电镀方法制备Ni-纳米Al2O3复合镀层。以显微硬度作为性能指标,对比考察平均电流密度、占空比、频率和施镀时间的影响。结果 Ni-纳米Al2O3复合镀层的显微硬度随着平均电流密度升高,占空比增大,频率升高,均呈现出先增后减的趋势,而随着施镀时间延长,呈现出近似递减的趋势。结论在平均电流密度8 A/dm2、占空比0.6、频率1.5 k Hz、施镀时间3 min的条件下,制备的Ni-纳米Al2O3复合镀层显微硬度最高,约为427.1HV。较高复合量的纳米微粒有效起到了弥散强化和细晶强化作用,改善了复合镀层结构致密程度,进而提高了显微硬度。     

铝基复合材料SiCW/6061Al的激光焊接

采用脉冲激光焊接工艺研究铝基复合材料SiCw/6061Al的焊接性,着重探讨激光输出功率（P）、脉冲频率（f) 对接头性能的影响,借助X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜等手段分析接头组织。研究发现,焊缝中存在的界面反应物、气孔缺陷,是导致该种材料焊接性显著降低的主要因素。进一步研究表明,在激光焊接条件下铝基复合材料界面反应是不可避免的,反应物沿热流方向生成,具有一定的方向性,激光输出功率是影响SiC-Al界面反应的主要因素,同时提高脉冲频率将对界面反应有一定的抑制作用;焊缝中气孔随激光脉冲频率的增大而减少直至消失。在此基础上,通过制定合理的焊接工艺,获得了成形良好的铝基复合材料激光焊焊缝。     

Novel hybrid method： pulse CO2 laser-TIG hybrid welding by coordinated control

0IntroductionRecently,laser-arc hybrid welding,as a rising spe-cial manufacture technology,has attracted more and moreinterest and attentions of some researchers and weldingcompanies.But,concerning laser-TIG hybrid welding,most of the research in this area mainly focused on contin-uous wave laser-TIG arc hybrid welding[1-3].In previousworks,because of the absorption and defocusing of laserenergy by hybrid arc plasma,the energy loss of laser wasvery serious when laser traversed arc in continu…     

Welding of SiC particle reinforced 6061 Al matrix composite with pulsed TIG

1　INTRODUCTIONDiscontinuously(particle,whiskerandshortfiber)reinforcedaluminumalloycompositeshavebecomeanattractivestructuralmaterialformanyindustrialfieldsowingtoitsexcellentproperties(e.g.highspecificstrength,highspecificstiffnessandgoodwearresistance)…     

聚变堆用奥氏体不锈钢不同激光输出模式熔丝特征

针对聚变堆用316LN奥氏体不锈钢材料,分别在连续激光和脉冲激光模式下进行了激光填丝焊接试验。主要研究了不同焊接工艺参数下的焊丝熔入特征及其对焊缝质量的影响,并对连续激光与脉冲激光焊接熔池流动及熔池形貌、接头的显微组织进行了研究。结果表明,连续激光填丝焊和脉冲激光填丝焊在合适的焊接工艺参数下均能获得焊丝液桥过渡,且熔池铺展均匀、焊缝成形良好。与脉冲激光填丝焊相比,连续激光填丝焊在坡口中的熔池长度约是脉冲激光填丝焊的3倍,温度梯度较大,更易产生侧壁未熔合和贯穿焊缝中心的凝固裂纹等缺陷。连续激光填丝焊的焊缝显微组织以柱状晶为主,由焊缝两边向焊缝中心生长,方向性强。脉冲激光填丝焊的焊缝两侧显微组织以柱状晶为主,各个区域都受到了相邻脉冲的重复作用,具有周期性,产生二次结晶,有助于熔池的搅动和晶粒细化,打乱了枝晶生长的方向性;焊缝中心区域为方向各异的柱状晶和等轴晶,枝晶间距减小,能够抑制裂纹的产生。 创新点： 首次提出通过脉冲激光调控结晶形态以抑制厚板焊接中裂纹的焊接工艺,可在不添加任何外部设备的基础上实现对裂纹的有效控制,打破了传统焊接工艺带来的局限性。     

活性剂对6013铝合金薄板CO_2激光焊接工艺的影响(英文)

为了提高铝合金对激光的吸收率,改善焊缝表面成形,对1.8mm厚的6013铝合金板进行活性剂CO2激光焊接。活性剂主要采用的是对激光具有较高吸收率的氧化物和氟化物,将其焊前预涂覆于铝合金板上,然后施焊。结果表明:活性剂在提高CO2激光吸收率,增加母材金属熔化量方面具有明显的效果;氧化物活性剂对促进激光能量吸收的效果要强于氟化物,但氧化物形成熔渣的脱渣性较氟化物熔渣的差;在氧化物活性焊接过程中,气孔敏感性比较大,而氟化物活性剂在焊接过程中很少出现气孔。     

2219-T87高强铝合金复合超高频脉冲方波VP-GTAW焊缝成形特征

采用平板堆焊工艺进行2219-T87高强铝合金焊接,研究了复合超高频脉冲方波变极性钨极氩弧焊接(HPVP-GTAW)过程中超高频脉冲方波电流特征参数对焊缝熔透成形的影响.结果表明,在正极性有效电流保持基本一致(变化范围±5 A)条件下,与常规VP-GTAW电弧焊接相比,超高频脉冲方波电流的加入可提高2219-T87铝合金焊缝的熔透率,焊缝熔透率增加20%以上;脉冲电流频率对焊缝熔透率有明显影响;在一定范围内增加脉冲电流幅值,减小占空比,可显著提高焊缝熔透率,脉冲电流幅值100 A和占空比20%时,焊缝熔透率增加75%以上.     

SiCp/LD2复合材料焊缝组织及性能

采用Al—Mg及Al-Si两种焊丝分别对SiCp／LD2复合材料进行了MIG焊，利用光镜、电镜及MTS-810试验机对焊缝的组织及性能进行了分析，结果表明，采用Al-Mg焊丝焊接时，熔池中Al—SiC间的界面反应程度均较大．生成了较多的针状Al4C3，且Al4C3的尺寸较大。采用Al-Si焊丝时，MIG焊熔池中的界面反应程度显著降低，仅生成了少量尺寸较小的针状Al4C3；利用Al—Si焊丝还可有效地防止焊缝熄弧处的宏观结晶裂纹。力学性能试验表明，用Al-Si焊丝焊接的接头强度比用Al—Mg焊丝焊接的接头强度高。     

Problems and solutions in deep penetration laser welding

Abstract

Keyhole dynamics in the high power continuous wave laser welding of aluminium alloys, in particular the role of keyhole instability in porosity formation, is discussed on the basis of high speed X-radiography observations. Motion in the weld pool was observed by introducing fine tungsten particles into the weld pool. A depression which moved periodically up and down the back wall of the keyhole gives rise to porosity, through bubbles formed at the bottom of the keyhole. The depression appears to be related to non-uniform evaporation on the front wall of the keyhole; both the keyhole and the weld pool are strongly disturbed by the dynamic pressure of the metallic vapour jet. The characteristic spherical and elongated pores were found to contain predominantly metal vapour and entrained shielding gas. Keyhole fluctuation in continuous wave laser welding can be suppressed by controlled pulse modulation, provided a suitable pulse frequency and duty cycle are selected.     

Effects of output waveforms on penetration for Nd: YAG laser welding

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具有双层结构的电子封装用可激光焊接Si_p-SiC_p/Al混杂复合材料(英文)

结合预制件一次性模压成型和真空气压浸渗技术制备具有双层结构的高体积分数(60%~65%)、可激光焊接Sip-SiCp/Al混杂复合材料。该复合材料的组织结构均匀、致密,增强相颗粒均匀地分布在复合材料中,Sip/Al-SiCp/Al界面均匀、连续、结合紧密。性能测试表明,Sip-SiCp/Al混杂复合材料具有密度低(2.96 g/cm3)、热导率高(194 W/(mK))、热膨胀系数小(7.0×10-6K-1)、气密性好(1.0×10-3(Pacm3)/s)等优异特性。焊接试验表明,Sip-SiCp/Al混杂复合材料具有良好的激光焊接特性,其焊缝平整、致密,微观组织均匀,没有生成明显的气孔和脆性相Al4C3。同时,Sip-SiCp/Al混杂复合材料激光封焊后优异的气密性(4.8×10-2(Pacm3)/s)能够满足现代电子封装行业对气密性的严格要求。     

SiC/Ti6Al4V复合材料界面反应产物的形成序列及扩散路径

通过SiC/Ti6Al4V钛基复合材料的制备及在不同条件下的热处理试验，利用SEM，EDS及XRD分析技术研究复合材料界面反应产物相的形成及反应元素的扩散路径。结果表明：反应元素如C，Ti，Si在界面反应层中出现浓度波动，合金元素Al并没有显著扩散进入界面反应产物层，而是在界面反应前沿堆积，其界面反应产物被确认为Ti3SiC2，TiCx，Ti5Si3C，和Ti3Si；在界面反应初期，存在着TiC＋Ti5Si3Cx双相区，当形成各界面反应产物单相区时，SiC／Ti6Al4V复合材料界面反应扩散的完整路径应为：SiC ｜ Ti3SiC2 ｜ Ti5Si3Cx ｜ TiCx ｜ Ti3Si｜ Ti6Al4V＋TiCx；界面反应产物层的生长受扩散控制，遵循抛物线生长规律，其生长激活能Q^k及k0分别为290.935 kJ·mol^-1,2.49× 10^-2 m·s^-1/2.     

Study on Properties of Pulse Electrodeposited RE-Ni-W-P-SiC Composite Coatings

The effects of pulse frequency f and duty cycle r on the deposition rate, composition, morphology, and hardness of pulse electrodeposited RE （rare earth）-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings have been studied. The results indicate that pulse current can improve the deposition rate of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings; W, P, and SiC contents in the coating decrease with the increase of pulse frequency and reach the lowest value at f = 33Hz, whereas the RE content in the composite coatings increases with the increase of pulse frequency. SiC content decreases with the increase of duty cycle, W content reaches the lowest value, and P content reaches the highest value at r = 0.4; pulse current and RE can lead to smaller size of the crystalline grains; however, the effects of different pulse frequency and duty cycle on the morphologies of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings are not obvious. The hardness of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings is the highest when the duty cycle is at 0.6 and 0.8 and pulse frequency is at 50Hz. At the same pulse frequency, the hardness of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings at r= 0.8 is higher than that at r= 0.6.     

A304不锈钢薄板激光焊工艺试验研究

研究利用激光焊接技术焊接A304不锈钢薄板的工艺.试验过程中,采用一系列激光焊参数焊接试板,然后将焊接接头制成金相试样,观察熔深、熔宽、热影响区的大小,比较连续激光和调制方波脉冲激光焊接不锈钢薄板的效果.     

低占空比下脉冲电流频率对Ti-6Al-4V焊缝组织性能的影响

采用超高频脉冲GTAW(ultra high frequency pulse gas tungsten arc welding,UHFP-GTAW)工艺在占空比20%的条件下完成了Ti-6Al-4V钛合金组织性能试验,以平均晶粒尺寸表征晶粒细化程度,研究了20%占空比条件下,脉冲频率对晶粒细化、组织特征及接头拉伸性能的影响规律.结果表明,与常规GTAW(conventional gas tungsten arc welding,C-GTAW)相比,UHFP-GTAW焊缝区以网篮状组织为主,热影响区α'相以短针状为主呈现;焊缝区平均晶粒尺寸最大减小了32%,晶粒显著细化;断后伸长率和断面收缩率最大分别提高了140%和275%,接头塑性明显改善.与50%占空比下平均晶粒尺寸减小率16.7%相比,晶粒得到进一步细化,同时平均断后伸长率及断面收缩率分别提高了22%,33%.     

Influence of pulse impact on properties of liquid phase pulse impact diffusion welding SiCp/AlSi7Mg and its welding mechanism

Abstract

The influence of pulse impact on the microstructure and properties of welded joints of aluminium matrix composite SiC_p/AlSi7Mg by liquid phase pulse impact diffusion welding (LPPIDW) and its welding mechanism had been studied. It showed that during LPPIDW, under the effect of pulse impact, the interface state between SiC particle and matrix was prominent, the initial pernicious contact state of reinforcement particles had been changed from reinforcement (SiC)/reinforcement (SiC) to reinforcement (SiC)/matrix/reinforcement (SiC), and the harmful microstructure or brittle phase was restrained from the welded joint. Moreover, the density of dislocation in the matrix neighbouring to and away from the interface was higher than that of its parent composite and the dislocation entwisted each other intensively. Furthermore, the deformation mainly occurred in the matrix grain and the matrices around SiC particles engendering intensive aberration offered a high density nucleus area for matrix crystal in favour of forming nanograins, which improved the properties of welded joints distinctly, resulting in welding the composite successfully. Consequently, the tensile strength of the welded joints was up to 179 MPa, which was ～74˙6% of the strength of SiC_p/AlSi7Mg (as stir cast), and its corresponding radial deformation was less than 3%, suitable for the demand of deformation of welded specimens.