胫骨生物陶瓷复合材料的微结构增韧机理

扫描电镜观察显示胫骨是一种由羟基磷灰石和胶原蛋白组成的自然生物陶瓷复合材料.羟基磷灰石具有层状的微结构并且平行于骨的表面排列.观察也显示这些羟基磷灰石层又是由许多羟基磷灰石片所组成,这些羟基磷灰石片具有长而薄的形状,也以平行的方式整齐排列.基于在胫骨中观察到的羟基磷灰石片的微结构特征,通过微结构模型分析及实验,研究了羟基磷灰石片平行排列微结构的最大拔出能.结果表明,羟基磷灰石片长而薄的形状以及平行排列方式增加了其最大拔出能,进而提高了骨的断裂韧性.     

钢管穿孔机主减速机振动分析

宝山钢铁股份有限公司钢管分公司的穿孔机下辊主减速机在大定修前,减速机轴和下辊大电机的振动情况严重,诊断部门对该减速机进行了测振分析,结合对电机振动、减速机振动的频谱分析和对轴承的故障频率成分分析,找出了主减速机振动的原因是轴承损伤。该分析结果与解体检查的结果相一致。     

Simulation of formation of surface roughness of corroding materials

The article discusses the process of heterogeneous corrosion using a 3D model of metal consisting of two uniformly intermixed phases destroyed at different rates. The model describes the decrease in the rate of corrosion and the increase in roughness, as well as the formed microrelief of corroded metal as a function of the exposure time. The theoretical equations are verified by computer experiments.     

FeCrAIW电弧喷涂层组织的致密化研究

采用激光辐照对FeCrAlW电弧喷涂层的组织进行致密化处理,借助扫描电镜和X衍射对涂层的组织进行了分析.测试了涂层的显微硬度.结果表明:涂层组织致密度提高,孔隙率明显降低.随着激光扫描速度的增加,涂层的显微硬度降低.在较低的扫描速度下,涂层与基体之间形成互熔区,涂层与基体之间产生良好的冶金结合.     

Kinetics of the oxidation of metals — Influence of self-diffusion of metal

The importance of the self-diffusion of a metal during its oxidation by a gas is treated for the cases of nonstoichiometric oxides having either interstitial cation or cation vacancies. We have established a general relationship for the reaction rate when a mixed diffusion process occurs. From this relationship, we have shown that the pressure dependence can be different, according to whether the rate-determining process is the self-diffusion through the metal or through the product.     

高等教育国际化与中国高等教育施化力培育

本文从化层、化型、化向与化力等方面考察高等教育国际化的应然本质属性 ,描述与分析中国高等教育在国际化潮流中表现出的发展态势 ,针对种种态势提出中国高等教育核心施化力培育战略 ,以使中国高等教育乃至世界高等教育真正地走向国际化     

Development of the technology of ultrasonic welding of components made of Capron tapes

The technology of ultrasonic welding of components made of Capron tapes producing welded joints with high strength parameters has been developed. The numerical values of the main parameters of the conditions of ultrasonic welding of the Capron tapes are determined. It is shown that the increase in the amplitude and welding pressure shortens the welding time. The experimental results show that the Capron tapes are characterized by geometrical homogeneity in both the transverse and longitudinal direction so that the welded joints can be produced both along and across the tape.     

Evolution of misorientation spectrum of grain boundaries of submicrocrystalline molybdenum upon deformation under conditions of grain-boundary diffusion of nickel

Comparative investigations of the concurrent evolution of the structure and the misorientation spectrum of grain boundaries of submicrocrystalline molybdenum have been performed upon free annealing and under the creep conditions at a temperature of 1023 K. It has been established that changes in the misorientation spectrum of grain boundaries of submicrocrystalline molybdenum upon annealing and creep are observed concurrently with boundary migration. The grain-boundary diffusion of nickel upon annealing leads to an increase in the fraction of grain boundaries of the special type with Σ17a in the grain-boundary ensemble of submicrocrystalline molybdenum. Under the creep conditions grain-boundary diffusion fluxes of nickel atoms favor transformation of low-angle boundaries into high-angle boundaries and growth in the angle of misorientation of the high-angle boundaries of submicrocrystalline molybdenum to 45°–60°.     

Modelling of processes of thermochemical treatment of metals: traditions of Russian scientific school

Abstract

The paper is devoted to 100th anniversary of the outstanding Russian scientist professor Yuriy Mikhailovich Lakhtin – the founder of the world-famous scientific school of surface strengthening of metals and alloys. Lakhtin's scientific school is recognised for its contribution into research of processes of thermochemical treatment of metals and especially of nitriding. Today at the Department of Metal Science and Heat Treatment of MADI his followers continue the traditions of Lakhtin's scientific school. The development of technologies of surface engineering is based on complex modelling of physical processes realised by thermochemical treatment of metals. Thermodynamic models describe the interaction between metals and components of saturating atmosphere and predict phase composition of diffusion layer. Diffusion models of kinetics of saturation of metals allow us to calculate the rate of growth of diffusion layer and regulation of its depth and structure. Structural models determine quantitative dependence between parameters of structure (grain size, dispersed particles, etc.) and mechanical properties. These models allow us to estimate the level of strengthening by control of structural specifics of strengthened layer. On the basis of this complex of models, new efficient technologies of surface strengthening are developed.     

钢材打捆机控制系统智能化技术的研究

钢材打捆机是一种用于轧钢精整工艺的新型自动化设备，其控制系统基于SiemensS7 PLC和TP7触摸屏。系统的智能化技术主要包括：液压高低压自动控制、在线监视、离线故障检测、多台设备协同工作、可视化人机交互技术。本文描述了这些技术的原理与实现方法。