含稀土铒元素Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金微观组织及力学性能的研究

采用金相观察、扫描电镜与能谱分析、显微硬度和力学性能测试等方法,研究了不同含量稀土元素Er对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明,在Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金中添加Er元素后二次枝晶臂间距减小,枝晶网胞变薄。Er元素主要以Al8Cu4Er相形式存在于晶界,少量固溶于铝基体中。此外,Er元素能有效抑制Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金发生再结晶,细化再结晶晶粒,提高合金时效强化效果。当Er含量超过0.3%时,脆性Al8Cu4Er相数量增多,导致合金力学性能变差。     

稀土Er对Al-5.3Cu-0.8Mg-0.6Ag合金组织与性能的影响

采用硬度测试、拉伸性能测试、X射线衍射、金相观察、扫描电镜与透射电镜等方法,研究了添加0.2wt%Er对Al-5.3Cu-0.8Mg-0.6Ag合金的组织与性能影响.结果表明,微量稀土Er可显著降低铸态合金的晶粒尺寸,提高铸态合金的室温与高温力学性能;然而,Er降低了挤压态合金的时效硬化与拉伸性能,这是由于Er与合金中的Al、cu形成了Al8Cu4Er稀土化合物,减少了用于固溶时效的Cu元素,最终使强化析出相Ω相的体积分数减少.     

Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-0.5Er合金在铸态和均匀化条件下的组织(英文)

采用普通半连续铸造技术(DCC)制备了Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr和Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-0.5Er合金,研究了微量元素Er对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr合金铸态和均匀化态组织的影响。结果表明:添加0.5%Er后,合金的晶粒尺寸增大且为粗大的树枝晶。在合金凝固过程中,大部分元素Er在晶界处形成三元合金相Al8Cu4Er。经过均匀化处理后,两种合金晶界处的MgZn2相几乎全部回溶。但是在含Er合金中,由于Al8Cu4Er相的回溶温度约为575℃,所以均匀化处理不能有效地消除Al8Cu4Er相。     

Al-Cu-Mg-Ag-Er合金晶界相组成及生长方式

研究了Al-4.0Cu-0.45Mg-0.4Ag-0.25Er合金铸态晶界相的组成及其生长规律.结果表明:稀土Er在合金中主要以Al8Cu4Er相的形式存在,Mg和Ag固溶于α-Al.合金铸态组织由α-Al固溶体、Al8Cu4Er相和Al2Cu相组成.Al8Cu4Er相和Al2Cu相共生于α-Al固溶体晶界,形成离异型共晶组织.凝固过程中,Al8Cu4Er相优先依附于先共晶相α-Al形核,并且分别以枝晶生长和平面生长这2种方式有选择的进行生长,形成α-Al、Al8Cu4Er相和Al2Cu相的三元共晶组织.     

Al-4Cu-Mg-Er合金均匀化制度研究

通过扫描电镜观察、XRD物相定性分析,研究了Al-4Cu-Mg-Er合金相组成及其均匀化制度.结果表明:Er元素主要以Al8Cu4Er相形式存在于铸态合金中;Al8Cu4Er相与Al2Cu相在合金铸态组织中共生于晶界,形成典型的枝晶偏析;Al8Cu4Er相在合金晶界凝固时比Al2Cu相优先析出,生长为典型的枝晶组织.与Al2Cu相相比较,Al8Cu4Er相的熔点较高,为难溶相,成为该合金均匀化制度的制约因素.经400℃×6h+495℃×24h均匀化处理后,Al8Cu4Er相回溶至基体,合金晶界变薄,均匀化效果明显.     

Er元素对定向凝固Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr合金微观组织和共晶相形貌的影响

采用定向凝固方法制备了Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr-xEr（x=0,0.1,0.2,0.5,质量分数,%）4种合金棒。利用光学显微镜（OM）、电子探针（EPMA）、能谱分析（EDS）和其他方法研究了铸态合金的微观组织和第二相形貌。结果表明：Er元素能增加Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr合金定向凝固组织的枝晶数量,并能减小合金的一次枝晶臂间距和二次枝晶臂间距。适量Er元素能减少合金第二相的含量并有利于形成圆形第二相。生成的Al₈Cu₄Er相会降低T相（AlZnMgCu）中的Cu含量,起到圆润T相边界的作用,改变了T相的形貌和内部结构,并且Al₈Cu₄Er相能充当T相的形核位置,使得一部分T相围绕该相生长。Er的添加会提高合金的显微硬度。     

EFFECTS OF Er ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF AS-CAST Al-Mg-Mn-Zn-Sc-Zr-(Ti) FILLER METALS

通过OM, SEM和XRD等分析方法与拉伸实验研究了Sc, Zr, Er和Ti复合微合金化焊 丝合金的凝固组织及铸态力学性能, 在实现合金组织有效细化的基础上, 重点研 究了Er及Er与Ti共存对合金晶界组织及合金力学性能的影响. 结果表明, 对于Sc 和Zr复合细化的Al-Mg焊 丝合金, Er元素的存在加强了合金的细晶强化效应, 合 金的强度与塑性均得到提高, 并在合金晶 界处富集不连续分布的Al3Er共晶 相; 当Er和Ti共存于合金中时, 5-10 um的方块状(Al, Mg)20Ti2Er 金属间化合物相存在于晶界, 该相的生成会使合金的强度进一步提高, 但塑性有所 降低; (Al, Mg)20Ti2Er相和Al3Er相共存时, 两相对晶界连续性的 破坏会完全抵消Er的细化效应 对合金塑性的提高, 合金拉伸断口由混合型断裂(穿晶 断裂和沿晶断裂)转变为沿晶断裂.     

微量Er，Mn对Al-Mg合金组织与性能的影响

探讨了微量的稀土元素Er和过渡族元素Mn对Al—Mg合金铸态、均匀化态、热轧及冷轧态组织和常温力学性能的影响，分析了它们在合金中的存在形式以及相互之间的作用。结果表明，稀土元素Er和过渡族元素Mn对改善合金力学性能是有益的，但是当它们共同加入时，强化效果会削弱，影响单一元素各自单独发挥作用。     

Er在Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Er合金中的存在形式与析出特征

利用扫描电镜、透射电镜等分析测试手段,研究了Er在Al-4.7Mg-0.7Mn-0.1Zr-0.3Er合金铸态、均匀化态以及冷轧板中的存在形式及析出特征.结果表明,Er在非平衡凝固条件下部分固溶到基体α-Al中,大部分形成初生Al3Er相断续或连续分布在晶界上,Er容易与Mn、Fe元素发生偏聚,但是很难形成Er-Mn金属间化合物;固溶的Er在均匀化退火过程中以次生Al3Er相形式析出;而沿晶界分布的Al3Er相在随后的热处理过程中并不发生分解回溶,它们在热轧、冷轧过程中破碎;冷轧板中的次生Al3Er相与基体保持良好的共格、半共格关系,可以成为合金中有效的强化相.     

稀土铒对Al-Cu-Mg-Ag-Zr合金微观组织与时效行为的影响

研究了稀土元素铒对Al-Cu-Mg-Ag-Zr合金微观组织以及165℃时效特性的影响.力学性能测试结果表明:合金中添加稀土Er对合金的强度贡献不大,但可大幅度提高合金的塑性变形能力.显微组织分析表明:添加稀土Er主要以Al8Cu4Er相和少量固溶于基体的形式存在于合金中,Al8Cu4Er相在合金变形过程中细化,对合金起到异质强化的作用.合金中Er原子和空位发生强交互作用,阻碍Ag、Mg原子团的形成,抑制了Ω相形核,延迟Al-Cu-Mg-Ag-Zr合金在165℃人工时效响应.     

As-cast microstructure of Al-Zn-Mg and Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys added erbium

1 INTRODUCTIONMany researches show that the properties ofaluminum and its alloys can be remarkablyi mproved withreasonable rare earth additions .Theactions of rare earth elements in the aluminumalloys consist in alterant-agent , micro-alloying andso on[1 3].By far element scandiumis the most ef-fective rare earth element which i mproves thealuminum alloys properties[4 6]. However , theprice of scandiumis very high.Therefore ,it s veryessential to find a new rare earth element , whichacts …     

Microstructural evolution of new type Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy with Er and Zr additions during homogenization

A comprehensive study on the microstructural evolution of a new type Al–Zn–Mg–Cu–Er–Zr alloy during homogenization was conducted by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The results show that serious segregation exists in as-cast alloy, and the primary phases are T(AlZnMgCu), S(Al₂CuMg) and Al₈Cu₄Er, which preferentially locate in the grain boundary regions. The soluble T(AlZnMgCu) and S(Al₂CuMg) phases dissolve into the matrix gradually during single-stage homogenized at 465 °C with prolonging holding time, but the residual Al₈Cu₄Er phase cannot dissolve completely. Compared with the single-stage homogenization, both a finer particle size and a higher volume fraction of L1₂-structured Al₃(Er, Zr) dispersoids can be obtained in the two-stage homogenization process. A suitable homogenization scheme for the present alloy is (400 °C, 10 h)+(465 °C, 24 h), which is consistent with the results of homogenization kinetic analysis.     

Al_3Er相在Al-Er合金中的存在形式

采用金属型水冷模铸造制备了不同Er含量的Al-Er二元合金,通过对铸态及均匀化处理后的Al-Ex合金的金相观察、电子探针以及透射电镜分析,研究了对不同含量的Er在Al-Er合金中的存在形式及固溶Er在纯铝中的固溶度.结果表明,在本试验条件下Er主要以过饱和固溶体形式以及以Al3Er化合物的形式分布在晶界上,另外Er在铝基体的最大固溶度为w(Er)=0.1%.     

Er含量对汽车发动机用AM50合金组织与耐蚀性的影响

对汽车发动机用AM50合金进行了Er合金化处理;采用扫描电镜(SEM),X射线衍射仪(XRD),浸泡试验和电化学试验研究了Er含量对AM50合金组织和耐蚀性的影响。结果表明:Er微合金化的AM50合金中除了含有α-Mg相和β-Mg_(17)Al_(12)相外,还形成了Al_7ErMn_5相和Al3Er相;随着Er含量的增加,合金的腐蚀速率总体表现为先降低而后升高的趋势,腐蚀后抗拉强度呈现先增加而后降低的趋势,而强度损失呈现先减小而后增大的趋势;Er添加量为0.5%(质量分数)时,AM50合金具有最佳耐蚀性和拉伸性能。     

Effects of erbium on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-7Zn-3Al alloy

Mg-7Zn-3Al-xEr(x=0.1,0.4,0.7) magnesium alloys were prepared by permanent mould casting.The effects of rare earth element of erbium on the microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-7Zn-3Al alloy at both room temperature and elevated temperatures were investigated with optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,differential scanning calorimetry,and tensile testing.The results show that the quasi-continuous grain boundary networkedτ(Mg_(32)(Al,Zn)_(49)...     

Effect of trace rare earth element Er on high pure Al

1　INTRODUCTIONAsit swellknown ,Chinaisrichinrareearths ,whoseprovedreservesare 80 %ofthetotalreservesoftheworld ,rankingfirstintheworld .Atpresent,theresearchandapplicationofREinsteel&ironareratherprofoundinChina .ThoughtheapplicationandstudiesaboutREinaluminumanditsalloysbeganearly ,it snotuntillateinthe 1970 sthattheinvesti gationandexploitationbeganonalargescaleandgraduallycametoaclimax[13] .Inthepast ,there searchofREaluminummainlyfocusedontheapplica tionofsomeelementssuchasLa ,…     

Al-Cu-Ce合金的微观组织与力学性能

采用X射线衍射、金相显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析及拉伸性能测试等方法,研究3种成分Al-Cu-Ce合金的显微组织与力学性能。结果表明:铸态Al-14Cu-7Ce合金由α-Al+Al8CeCu4片状共晶组成,而Al-10Cu-5Ce、Al-18Cu-9Ce合金中除含有α-Al+Al8CeCu4共晶组织外,还分别含有α-Al和Al8CeCu4初生相。铸态Al-14Cu-7Ce合金具有优良耐热性能,即使550℃×3 h退火后仍能保持约360 MPa的抗拉强度,退火导致合金强度下降的主要原因是高温下共晶Al8CeCu4相的球化。经充分球化退火后,Al-Cu-Ce合金能获得良好的热轧、冷轧变形能力,并且变形态合金也具有良好的耐热性能,因而Al-Cu-Ce合金有望成为一种兼具铸造和变形两用的新型耐热铝合金。     

Aging precipitation behavior and properties of Al–Zn–Mg–Cu–Zr–Er alloy at different quenching rates

The effect of quenching rate on the aging precipitation behavior and properties of Al–Zn–Mg–Cu–Zr–Er alloy was investigated. The scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atom probe tomography were used to study the characteristics of clusters and precipitates in the alloy. The quench-induced η phase and a large number of clusters are formed in the air-cooled alloy with the slowest cooling rate, which contributes to an increment of hardness by 24% (HV 26) compared with that of the water-quenched one. However, the aging hardening response speed and peak-aged hardness of the alloy increase with the increase of quenching rate. Meanwhile, the water-quenched alloy after peak aging also has the highest strength, elongation, and corrosion resistance, which is due to the high driving force and increased number density of aging precipitates, and the narrowed precipitate free zones.     

Microstructures and mechanical properties of Er modified AA7075 alloy

The effect of erbium and homogenization on microstructures and mechanical properties of AA7075 alloy were investigated using optical microscope (LIMI), scanning electronic microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray detection (EDS) and mechanical testing. It was found that during solidification most of the elements Er and Cu segregated at the grain boundaries in the form of Al₃ErCu or Al₈Cu₄Er and a very small part of Er dissolved in the FCC-Al matrix. The latter is not completely reclaimable for heterogeneous nucleation and refine grain FCC-Al matrix in its as-cast state. Er and Cu- containing phases fragmented into fine particles after extrusion and these led to a slight increase in grain boundary strengthening. The process of homogenizing, extruding and aging the Er containing alloys considerably improved the strength due to precipitation. The analysis of the extruded sample showed that the addition of Er can slightly retard the recrystallizing behavior of AA7075 alloy.