长大隧道软弱围岩施工技术

长大隧道具有复杂的地质环境,需要重点注意与解决的就是软弱围岩施工塌方的问题。通过结合某长大隧道软弱围岩施工工程进行研究与分析,为大家阐述长大隧道软弱围岩施工的开挖、防水技术措施,为长大隧道的施工工程提供资料与参考。     

高速铁路长大隧道大断面软弱围岩开挖技术

结合工程实例,研究高速铁路长大隧道大断面软弱围岩开挖技术,详细论述了隧道开挖使用的三台阶七步法的工艺流程、适用条件和施工控制要点,通过工程实践验证,为高速铁路长大隧道大断面软弱围岩开挖施工提供技术参考。     

长大隧道快速施工技术探讨

为寻求长大隧道快速施工的途径,以某隧道工程实践为例,探讨了加强施工组织管理、施工技术改进和创新等措施,工程实践证明,该长大隧道快速施工措施效果相当显著,取得了日进尺11.2 m和月进度216 m的好成绩,为同类长大隧道快速施工提供了借鉴和参考。     

长大隧道通风降温散热量分析

研究长大隧道施工阶段围岩散热量与隧道断面、二次衬砌施作时间、围岩初始温度的关系。文章通过研究建立了高地温隧道施工阶段围岩散热量计算方法,确立了长大隧道施工阶段围岩散热量计算公式,分析了隧道断面、二次衬砌施作时间、围岩初始温度对于热量的影响和敏感性,为类似工程的计算提供了参考。     

浅谈隧道施工斜井有轨运输预防溜车的安全对策

浅谈隧道施工斜井有轨运输预防溜车的安全对策陈忠立（铁道部十六工程局第四工程处）随着我国经济的发展和工程建设的需要，长大隧道施工越来越多。长大隧道施工往往是控制一条线路的咽喉工程，为加快隧道施工进度，必须开辟工作面，如增设斜井、竖井、横洞等；长大隧道施...     

深埋长大隧道突水突泥风险后果评价模型研究

根据对影响深埋长大隧道突水突泥风险后果的主要方面的分析,得到深埋长大隧道突水突泥风险后果综合评价模型参评指标并构建出评价指标体系;基于改进灰色关联度的权重确定方法或层次分析法,通过专家调查和分析数据确定参评各级指标的权重系数值,并建立评判标准。在此基础上,基于三角白化权函数的灰色评估建立白化权函数,利用灰色聚类理论通过综合聚类系数矩阵得到模糊隶属度矩阵,再利用模糊评价方法评估深埋长大隧道突水突泥风险后果程度,完成深埋长大隧道突水突泥风险后果综合评价模型的构造。最后,结合象山隧道工程实例,对该隧道突水突泥风险后果进行综合评价,结果与象山隧道实际突水突泥情况一致,证明了该评价模型的有效性和可行性。     

综合地球物理方法在巫洋隧道勘察中的应用

福州永泰三环公路巫洋隧道为长大埋深隧道,其勘察除利用了钻探方法,同时采用了高密度电法和EH4电磁成像系统等综合物探方法,划分了长大埋深隧道的地层界限、确定了断层破碎带的位置,为隧道围岩级别划分及工程地质条件评价提供了依据,也为长大埋深隧道提供了一种新的综合勘察方法。     

软弱围岩区域隧道变形开裂的研究分析与控制技术

以广昆铁路老东山隧道工程为例,通过对各种现象的分析研究,寻找出隧道变形开裂的规律及其原因。所采取的合理有效的防治与控制措施,可为今后西南地区长大软弱围岩隧道施工提供借鉴。     

一种隧道出碴车辆回转平台的研制与应用

为了提高隧道出碴车辆的运输效率,解决隧道内出碴车辆的调头问题,研制了出碴用新型调车平转桥。通过对该设备的设计、制造以及重要部件与关键技术进行的详细描述,结合实验与工程应用实例,介绍了整个隧道出碴车辆调头设备的应用情况。     

压入式通风技术在胶州湾海底隧道施工中的应用

长大隧道钻爆法施工中凿岩、爆破、装运都会产生大量的粉尘、废气,施工通风是一个难以攻克的技术难题。通过分析长大隧道分阶段工程环境,结合施工通风,对施工通风的风量、风压计算、通风系统布置及改善隧道施工通风的技术途径作了较详细的介绍,并且在实际施工中取得了良好效果。     

城市水下长隧道的消防水系统设计探讨

根据城市水下长隧道火灾的特点及其危险性,对消防水系统设置及其应考虑的主要因素等问题进行探讨,并针对中国城市穿越江、河隧道的消防水系统设置无明确规定的现状,参考多个隧道设计实例,提出目前隧道消防水系统设计中存在的不足,为今后进一步提高隧道内消防能力,进行水下长隧道消防水系统设计提供参考依据。     

危险品停车场槽罐车泄漏风险分析及安全对策

针对危险品停车场槽罐车发生泄漏扩散而引起的安全问题,利用事件树分析可能的事故类型,确定重点事故类型为池火灾。以苯罐车为例,采用ALOHA 及PHAST 软件定量分析了外部环境(风速、大气稳定度、空气湿度)及初始条件(泄漏点离地高度、泄漏孔直径)对池火灾的影响。模拟结果表明槽罐车发生泄漏时液池半径较大,一旦发生火灾易波及场内其他车辆,引起其他车辆起火产生多米诺效应。目前的《化工园区危险品运输车辆停车场建设标准（征求意见稿）》中并没有对停车场中泄漏液体收容方面提出相关要求。在参照相关标准和法规的基础上提出了槽罐车泄漏的收容系统安全对策,为减少危险品停车场槽罐车发生泄漏引发的池火灾事故的影响范围提供理论依据。     

关于固体危险品道路运输消防管理及事故处置的研究

最近几年，伴随人们生活水平与安全意识的不断提升，危险品道路运输安全受到了社会各界的共同关注与重视。然而，依然有一些固体危险品被视为普通货物。使用普通车辆完成运输，致使运输过程中的火灾事故屡屡发生，从而给社会公共安全带来了极大地威胁。     

Application of neural network to analyses of CCD colour TV-camera image for the detection of car fires in expressway tunnels

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the early detection of a car fire occurring in an expressway tunnel using surveillance cameras. Road and rail tunnels need to be built in mountainous areas, in order to provide the effective distribution of goods. A fire in a tunnel can endanger human life as the heat flow and smoke increase rapidly in such a long enclosed space. In addition, it can significantly affect social economies owing to a stagnation of the distribution and the breakdown of the distribution network.     

硅烷法制多晶硅生产过程的火灾危险性分析

介绍硅烷法制多晶硅的生产工艺及生产过程,分析生产过程中的主要危险品的理化性质。从厂区布局、电气设备、报警系统、灭火系统等方面提出硅烷法制多晶硅生产过程中应注意的消防安全技术措施。     

公路隧道火灾事故特性及危害

在搜集分析国内外公路隧道火灾事故案例的基础上,从事故特点、事故分布特征两方面归纳公路隧道火灾事故的特征,总结公路隧道火灾事故规律,如温度分布、压力分布、烟雾扩散等.分析公路隧道火灾事故的危害,包括火灾温度和有毒气体对人体的危害、火灾对隧道结构和设施的破坏、火灾对社会经济的影响等.     

Heat Release Rate of Heavy Goods Vehicle Fire in Tunnels with Fixed Water Based Fire-Fighting System

A series of large-scale fire tests for road tunnel application was conducted in a test tunnel facility in Spain. The aim of this fire tests program was to investigate the magnitude of the heat release rate generated by a fire in heavy goods vehicles (HGV’s) with and without a fire suppression system in tunnels in Singapore; the possibility of interchanging a fire suppression system with other measures such as lowering the longitudinal flow velocity; and to acquire information on the appropriate design parameters (e.g., nozzle type, discharge density and activation time) to adopt based on the most probable fuel load used in these road tunnels. In order to ensure repeatability, simulated HGV’s consisting of 228 pallets with 48 plastic pallets (20%) and 180 wooden pallets (80%) were used in all fire tests. An air velocity of approximately 3 m/s was applied. As the scope of work covered in this fire test program is very large, only the setup of the fire test and the findings on the effects of heat release rate with (Test 4) and without (Test 7) a fixed water based fire-fighting system are covered. The test results indicate that a substantial reduction of fire heat release rate can be obtained using a low-pressure deluge fire suppression system, as long as timely activation of the water is provided. However, the influence of the suppression system on CO production is significant. Such experimental data address the current dearth of knowledge on the actual effect of low-pressure deluge systems on the heat release rate from HGVs in tunnel fires.     

隧道式建筑火灾的消防对策

Tunnel is type of long and narrow underground building. Common tunnels are city metro tunnel, railway tunnel and motorway tunnel. These tunnels are for the commuting of vehicles. Some go through mountains, others go under the sea and many are over thousands meters long. In recent years, there have beeu many tunnel fires home and abroad. Based on the theory el tunnel fire smoke movement, the arlicle analyzes the features el tunnel fire and proposes directional lirelightiflg schemes in tunnel fire design.     

A Comparison of a Statistical and Computational Fluid Dynamics Approach to Estimate Heat Release Rate in Road Tunnel Fires

Computational tools such as one-dimensional models or Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) have been used for the fire safety design of road tunnels. However, most of these analyses are performed using a specified fire source where the heat release rate (HRR) in the tunnel is fixed by the user and the influences of ventilation conditions and tunnel geometry are not considered. For a more realistic estimate, models need to incorporate these factors in their input. This paper discusses the use of a statistical approach previously developed by other researchers (Carvel and Beard, The handbook of tunnel fire safety. Thomas Telford Publishing, pp 184–197, 2005) and the use of a CFD approach to estimate the HRR in a road tunnel fire. As an application example, fire scenarios in which a light goods vehicle carrying wooden pallets are used to compare the estimation of the HRR using these two methods.     

海底隧道消防安全性能评估及设计探讨

分析了海底隧道的火灾危险性和火灾特点,并结合青岛海底隧道的消防安全性能设计,从火灾模拟及数据应用、隧道消防系统的选型、隧道承重及衬砌结构防火要求等方面就隧道消防性能评估及设计应注意的问题进行了探讨,该工程的设计可以为其他相关工程提供借鉴参考．