原花青素对Glu-Asn体系中丙烯酰胺的抑制作用研究

本文选取荔枝原花青素(LPPC)和莲房原花青素(LSPC)进行丙烯酰胺抑制作用的研究。实验发现两种原花青素的浓度-抑制率关系均呈非线性关系,当LPPC和LSPC的添加量分别0.5 mg·m L-1和0.1 mg·m L-1时,丙烯酰胺的抑制率达到最大,分别为53.01%±5.62%和76.60%±3.20%;同时也探讨了体系中抗氧化性、色度和类黑精含量与抑制率的关系。结果表明体系抗氧化性越大,丙烯酰胺的抑制率就越高;白度越大,丙烯酰胺抑制率就越大;类黑精含量越大,丙烯酰胺的抑制率反而越低。总体来说,原花青素能显著地抑制丙烯酰胺的形成。     

亚硒酸钠在SGC-7901细胞生长中的抑制作用

目的：研究亚硒酸钠对SGC-7901细胞生长的影响。方法：应用细胞培养和SRB实验探讨了亚硒酸钠对SGC-7901细胞生长曲线的影响：应用集落形成试验、分裂指数试验研究了亚硒酸钠对SGC-7901细胞集落形成和分裂指数的影响；应用流式细胞仪检测了亚硒酸钠对SGC-7901细胞生长周期的影响；应用电镜、TUNEL染色及流式细胞仪观察了亚硒酸钠诱导SGC-7901细胞凋亡的作用。结果：亚硒酸钠溶液对SGC-7901细胞的生长曲线、集落形成、分裂指数有明显的抑制作用，其抑制作用与其作用浓度和作用时间呈正相关。流式细胞仪检测显示亚硒酸钠作用SGC-7901细胞24h后，细胞周期发生改变，G1期细胞百分率减少，S期细胞百分率增加，与对照组相比有显著性差异（p〈0．05）：电镜下，细胞核固缩，染色质凝集呈新月形紧贴于核膜周边，核膜扭曲；DNA直方图上出现典型的亚二倍体的“凋亡峰”；TUNEL染色法检测细胞凋亡指数在10．4％～33．4％。结论：亚硒酸钠溶液对SGC-7901细胞的生长具有抑制作用，其抑制作用程度与其作用浓度和时间呈正相关：亚硒酸钠通过阻滞细胞S期抑制细胞增殖及诱导细胞凋亡可能是其抑制SGC-7901细胞生长的机理之一。     

莲原花青素对小鼠黑色素瘤的体内抑制作用及机制研究

目的:研究莲房原花青素(LSPC)对黑色素瘤B16的抑制作用及其机制。方法:给小鼠连续灌胃不同剂量的LSPC 13d后,于第14d处死小鼠,计算抑瘤率并进行形态学观察,通过免疫组织化学观察瘤细胞内HMB45和S-100蛋白表达,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡。结果:一定剂量的LSPC能抑制黑色素瘤B16细胞生长增殖,且以120mg/kg·bw LSPC组最显著(p＜0．01),抑瘤率达55．3%,并有亚二倍凋亡峰。结论:LSPC对黑色素瘤B16细胞有抑制作用,其机制是诱导凋亡。     

蜂胶的超临界CO2萃取物的体外抗肿瘤作用

研究蜂胶的超临界CO2萃取物的体外抗肿瘤作用.以蜂胶的超临界CO2萃取物（SE-P）为原料,采用四甲基偶氮唑（MTT）法研究其对U937、95 D、SGC-7901和TE-1等4株肿瘤细胞株的体外抑制作用,并与市售蜂胶乙醇提取物（ME-P）和蜂胶超临界CO2萃余物的95%乙醇提取物（RE-P）的抗肿瘤活性进行了对比.SE-P在体外对细胞U937、95D、SGC-7901和TE-1具有较强的抑制作用,IC50分别为117.42μg/mL、138.92μg/mL、37.76μg/mL和67.89μg/mL.除95 D细胞外,SE-P对其它3株肿瘤细胞的最高抑制率均高于ME-P和RE-P.蜂胶的超临界CO2萃取物（SE-P）对体外培养的肿瘤细胞有较强的生长抑制作用.     

原花青素对食品中丙烯酰胺的抑制作用研究

研究莲房原花青素(LSPC)对食品体系中丙烯酰胺的抑制作用。实验分别探讨了浸渍时间和浸渍浓度对丙烯酰胺抑制作用的影响,最终结合感官评定得出:在薯条和油条的浸渍时间分别为90 s和60 s,最佳添加剂量为0.5%(w/w)和0.1%(w/w)时,抑制率分别达到57.59%和67.38%,此时感官评定表明它们与对照组无显著性差异。     

莲原花青素抗黑色素瘤的研究

目的：探讨莲房和莲子壳中原花青素对黑色素瘤B16 生长的影响。方法：采用MTT 法测定莲房和莲子壳原花青素对B16 细胞的体外抑制作用;并借助显微技术观察B16 细胞形态;以荷黑色素瘤的C57BL/6J 小鼠为体内研究对象,通过瘤体积和瘤重测定,探讨体内抑瘤作用,采用黄嘌呤氧化酶法和硫代巴比妥酸法测定荷瘤鼠血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果：莲房和莲子壳中原花青素体外对黑色素瘤B16 细胞均有较强的抑制作用,抑制率分别为87.4% 和78.2%,均使细胞的膜破损,细胞形态改变;体内能显著减小瘤体积和减轻瘤重,抑瘤率分别为55.3% 和46.7%,并能有效降低荷瘤小鼠血清中MDA 含量,提高SOD 活力。结论：莲房和莲子壳中原花青素对黑色素瘤均具有较强的抑制作用。     

薏苡茎、叶提取液对肿瘤细胞增殖的抑制作用

探讨薏苡茎、叶提取液的体外抗癌作用。用MTT法检测薏苡茎叶不同提取液对3种肿瘤细胞株体外生长的抑制作用。薏苡茎、叶4种提取液对所试肿瘤细胞株的体外生长均有抑制作用,其中以薏苡叶乙醇提取液对人肝癌细胞Hep G2、人胃癌细胞SGC-7901的作用较强,半数抑制浓度(IC50)分别为48.52、54.72 mg/m L;对人宫颈细胞Hela的抑制较弱,其中以叶水提液半数抑制浓度(IC50)127.03为最低。薏苡茎、叶提取液具有一定的抗肿瘤作用。     

裙带菜多糖UPPS-C2初级结构分析及活性初探

目的分析裙带菜多糖UPPS-C2结构,并研究其体外抗肿瘤活性。方法用Sephadex G-200凝胶柱色谱法和高效液相凝胶色谱法鉴定UPPS-C2纯度,用UV、IR、1H-NMR、GC-MS等方法研究其初级结构,并采用MTT法测定裙带菜粗多糖和UPPS-C2对SGC-7901及HepG-2的抑制作用。结果 UPPS-C2多糖、硫酸基、葡糖醛酸含量分别为75.60%、9.23%和9.63%,不含蛋白质和核酸。为以α-吡喃糖为骨架的多糖,分子内存在羧基(-COOH)和硫酸基(-O-SO3)。单糖组成及质量分数比为岩藻糖∶木糖∶甘露糖∶葡萄糖∶半乳糖∶塔罗糖=2.608∶5.802∶6.440∶29.020∶36.970∶19.160。当其浓度为1 000μg/mL时,对SGC-7901和HepG-2的抑制率分别为33.85%、74.28%。结论 UPPS-C2为单一纯净的酸性杂多糖,对肿瘤细胞具有体外细胞毒作用,且活性较粗多糖好。     

裙带菜多糖UPPS-C2初级结构分析及活性初探

目的 分析裙带菜多糖UPPS-C2结构,并研究其体外抗肿瘤活性.方法 用Sephadex G-200凝胶柱色谱法和高效液相凝胶色谱法鉴定UPPS-C2纯度,用UV、IR、<'1>H-NMR、GC-MS等方法研究其初级结构,并采用MTT法测定裙带菜粗多糖和UPPS-C2对SGC-7901及HepG-2的抑制作用.结果 UPPS-C2多糖、硫酸基、葡糖醛酸含量分别为75.60%、9.23%和9.63%,不含蛋白质和核酸.为以α-吡喃糖为骨架的多糖,分子内存在羧基(-COOH)和硫酸基(-O-SO<,3>).单糖组成及质量分数比为岩藻糖:木糖:甘露糖:葡萄糖:半乳糖:塔罗糖=2.608:5.802:6.440:29.020:36.970:19.160.当其浓度为1000 μg/mL时,对SGC-7901和HepG-2的抑制率分别为33.85%、74.28%.结论 UPPS-C2为单一纯净的酸性杂多糖,对肿瘤细胞具有体外细胞毒作用,且活性较粗多糖好.     

原花青素抑制丙烯酰胺的动力学

对原花青素对丙烯酰胺形成-消除动力学的影响进行研究。在荔枝原花青素（litchi pericarp procyanidin, LPPC）和莲房原花青素（lotus seedpod procyanidin,LSPC）对丙烯酰胺最大抑制率添加条件的基础上,分别采用 Logistic-生长曲线模型、Logistic-Fermi动力学模型和Logistic-指数动力学模型描述丙烯酰胺的形成-消除动力学过 程,最终优化选择Logistic-指数动力学模型为描述对象。实验结果表明：两种原花青素对丙烯酰胺形成过程具有显 著性影响,且LSPC的作用大于LPPC,在反应后期,两种原花青素对丙烯酰胺抑制均无显著性影响。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.