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从红茶菌、藏灵菇及酸菜3种传统发酵食品中分离、鉴定酵母菌,并测定其产乙醇能力及生长性能。结果表明,从3种传统发酵食品中分离出9株酵母菌,包括3株马克斯克鲁维酵母(Kluyveromyces marxianus)、1株Starmerella davenportii、3株异常假丝酵母(Candida incommunis)及2株瑟氏哈萨克斯坦酵母(Kazachstania servazzii)。马克斯克鲁维酵母X1-1和X3-3可发酵葡萄糖、蔗糖和乳糖,其他酵母菌株只发酵葡萄糖。3株马克斯克鲁维酵母产乙醇力较弱,分别为29.8%vol、42.6%vol及29.6%vol,但生长速率快且活菌数高,其中菌株X1-2约6 h时进入对数期,约30 h时达到最大生物量(OD600 nm=6.152),而其他3种酵母则生长缓慢。异常假丝酵母R5-2和瑟氏哈萨克斯坦酵母M2-2产乙醇能力较强,分别为75.8%vol和71.0%vol。 相似文献
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采用平板分离法,从29 份新鲜采集的土样中分离获得64 株耐高温酵母菌株,并对其在高温条件下的乙醇发酵性能进行了分析比较。26S rDNA D1/D2区域序列测定和生理特征分析结果表明,这些酵母菌株在亲缘关系上可归类于6 个属7 个种,分别为热带假丝酵母(Candida tropicalis)(占总分离株的39.1%)、马克斯克鲁维酵母(Kluyveromyces marxianus)(占23.4%)、东方伊萨酵母(Issatchenkia orientalis)(占29.7%)、季也蒙毕赤酵母(M. guilliermondii)(占1.6%)、Kazachstania bovina(占1.6%)、Candida palmioleophila(占1.6%)和酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)(占3.1%)。其中,马克斯克鲁维酵母的耐高温能力和乙醇发酵能力最强;40 ℃条件下发酵72 h后,发酵液中乙醇体积分数最高可达6.56%,显著高于相同条件下其他耐高温酵母的乙醇产量。上述结果表明,马克斯克鲁维酵母在高温乙醇发酵过程中具有明显优势,可作为利用生物质发酵生产乙醇的优良候选菌株。 相似文献
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《食品工业科技》2017,(17)
对影响马克斯克鲁维酵母高密度发酵的培养基营养成分和培养条件展开分析研究。单因素实验发现,YPD作为基础培养基有利于马克斯克鲁维酵母的增殖;培养基成分响应面分析和培养条件正交实验结果表明,当培养基成分为蔗糖67.37 g/L,酵母浸粉29.7 g/L,玉米浆15.61 g/L,KH_2PO_44.13 g/L,MgSO_40.3 g/L,初始pH为6.0、发酵温度为30℃、搅拌速度为160 r/min时,发酵培养18 h马克斯克鲁维酵母的生物量最大,为(9.34±0.12)g/L。进一步进行乳饮品发酵实验,优化培养的马克斯克鲁维酵母与乳源培养基培养的马克斯克鲁维酵母,在菌种的生物量和乳饮品的口感风味上无明显差异。因此,优化后的高密度发酵培养基配方和工艺条件适宜于马克斯克鲁维酵母菌的高密度发酵。 相似文献
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采用高效液相色谱等方法,对乳酸菌单独发酵和向其中添加马克斯克鲁维酵母这两种发酵乳中乳糖代谢主要产物及关键酶活力的变化情况进行对比分析,以确定添加酵母菌对乳糖无氧代谢产生乳酸途径的影响。结果表明:添加酵母菌后乳糖降解速率明显加快(P<0.05),贮藏期间马克斯克鲁维酵母可以对积累的半乳糖进行利用;发酵过程中,由于酵母菌的添加使β-半乳糖苷酶及乳酸脱氢酶活力有显著提高(P<0.05),糖酵解途径关键限速酶--己糖激酶和丙酮酸激酶活力增加(P<0.05);含有酵母菌的发酵乳pH值下降(滴定酸度上升)较乳酸菌单菌发酵快(P<0.05),这与添加酵母菌后发酵乳中乳酸含量显著增加(P<0.05)有关;丙酮酸含量变化不显著(P>0.05)。该研究揭示了马克斯克鲁维酵母的添加对乳糖酵解具有一定促进作用。 相似文献
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以新疆塔城地区自然发酵牛乳为原料,对发酵酸奶中酵母菌进行分离。通过形态学和生理生化特性对其进行鉴定。研究结果表明:从酸牛奶中分离得到3株酵母菌,通过显微镜观察及生理生化特性鉴定,确定2株属于克鲁维酵母属Kluyveromyces,为马克斯克鲁维酵母Kluyveromyces marxianus;1株属于酵母属Saccharomyces,为酿酒酵母Saccharomyces cerevisiae。 相似文献
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原壳小球藻可快速利用蔗渣水解液中的可发酵糖,但水解液中副产物对细胞生长有抑制作用。为了提高其在高浓度水解液中的异养生长能力,本研究利用纤维床反应器(FBB)驯化细胞,系统研究了蔗渣水解液的制备及其组成、分批补料培养种子液、FBB中的细胞固定化,并在FBB中利用水解液为培养基进行细胞驯化。结果表明,蔗渣经酸解酶解后,其水解液的主要成分为葡萄糖、木糖、乙酸、纤维二糖和阿拉伯糖,浓度分别为18.40g/L、16.17g/L、6.13g/L、5.10g/L和2.29g/L;在发酵罐中采用Basal培养基补料分批培养细胞,117h后细胞密度可达到12.37g/L;将发酵罐与FBB连接并循环培养基33h后形成了固定化细胞床;随后以水解液培养基代替Basal培养基,通过逐级提高水解液培养基浓度来驯化培养固定化细胞,最终从纤维床上分离获得了能在含有35g/L葡萄糖的水解液中异养生长的高耐受性藻株,而野生型藻株不能生长。 相似文献
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产转谷氨酰胺酶链霉菌的发酵罐生产工艺研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
针对研究室分离筛选的链霉菌 (Streptomycessp )WZFF W 12 varMN 3 5发酵生产微生物转谷氨酰胺酶 (MTG) ,首先采用自行设计的 2L小型生化反应器 ,研究以多价胨为主的有机氮源的影响作用 ,并在此基础上逐级扩大发酵罐规模 ,以 8L小型罐及 2 0~ 2 0 0L发酵罐组合并利用在线监控手段直接监测分析环境条件对MTG发酵过程中菌体生长和产酶的影响 ,进一步确定培养条件。研究结果表明 ,以 2 0 0L发酵罐发酵生产MTG时采用两级种子培养 ,氮源采用多价胨和豆饼粉 ,发酵过程中在线控制通气量和搅拌速度分别为 0 9~ 1 1vvm和 3 5 0~ 45 0r/min等优化条件最有利于菌体持续稳定生产MTG ,当发酵至 72h时酶活达到最高 ,在 2 15u/mL以上 相似文献
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Fumi Osawa Toshio Fujii Takehisa Nishida Nobuki Tada Toru Ohnishi Osamu Kobayashi Toshihiro Komeda Satoshi Yoshida 《Yeast (Chichester, England)》2009,26(9):485-496
Industrial production of L ‐lactic acid, which in polymerized form as poly‐lactic acid is widely used as a biodegradable plastic, has been attracting world‐wide attention. By genetic engineering we constructed a strain of the Crabtree‐negative yeast Candida boidinii that efficiently produced a large amount of L ‐lactic acid. The alcohol fermentation pathway of C. boidinii was altered by disruption of the PDC1 gene encoding pyruvate decarboxylase, resulting in an ethanol production that was reduced to 17% of the wild‐type strain. The alcohol fermentation pathway of the PDC1 deletion strain was then successfully utilized for the synthesis of L ‐lactic acid by placing the bovine L ‐lactate dehydrogenase‐encoding gene under the control of the PDC1 promoter by targeted integration. Optimizing the conditions for batch culture in a 5 l jar‐fermenter resulted in an L ‐lactic acid production reaching 85.9 g/l within 48 h. This productivity (1.79 g/l/h) is the highest thus far reported for L ‐lactic acid‐producing yeasts. DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank nucleotide database with Accession Nos. AB440630 and AB440631. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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为了提高海洋细菌L1-9菌株液体发酵的生物量和抑菌活性,进行了50 L发酵罐的分批发酵和补料发酵工艺研究。结果表明:L1-9菌株在50 L发酵罐中分批发酵工艺为:接种量8%(菌龄24 h、浓度为109个细胞/mL)、初始搅拌速度250 r/min、通气量为3 L/min,发酵时间为11~12 h,生物量达2.40×1010CFU/mL;补料分批发酵工艺为:在分批发酵的条件下,发酵13 h开始流加60 g/L葡萄糖溶液,使还原糖浓度保持在0.4 g/L左右,发酵周期30 h,生物量达到4.63×1010CFU/mL,比分批发酵提高了78.07%;抑菌时效测定结果表明,发酵液对金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)的抑菌作用伴随着生物量的增加不断加强,20 h抑菌活性达到高峰,抑菌带宽度为17.75 mm,抑菌活性与生物量呈正相关,为生长关联型。 相似文献
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核酸酶P1是一种重要的工业酶制剂,可用于水解核酸制备5’-核苷酸。通过摇瓶发酵对桔青霉发酵产核酸酶P1的培养基进行了优化,并在30L的贝朗全自动发酵罐中对桔青霉发酵动力学进行了研究。基于Logistic方程和Luedeking-Piret方程分别建立了桔青霉发酵过程中的菌体生长、产物合成及底物消耗随时间变化的数学模型。模拟出的模型数据与实验值能较好的吻合,该模型能较好地反映桔青霉在30L的Bio-Statplus贝朗发酵罐中的发酵过程。该模型对指导工业生产中利用桔青霉大规模发酵有着重要的意义。 相似文献
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Moreira RF Ferreira-Da-Silva F Fernandes PA Moradas-Ferreira P 《Yeast (Chichester, England)》2000,16(3):231-240
A non-flocculent strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was transformed with the GAP1 gene which encodes p37, a GAPDH-like protein present in the cell wall of Kluyveromyces marxianus flocculent cells. The transformed cells were characterized with respect to flocculation behaviour, morphology, growth, cell wall integrity and GAPDH activity. A flocculent phenotype was acquired by the transformed cells, showing a behaviour in respect to flocculation/deflocculation very similar to that of K. marxianus. The presence of p37 in the cell wall was assessed by immunoprecipitation of biotinylated cell wall proteins and an accumulation of p37 was evident in the cell wall of transformed cells. This result was confirmed by studies using a chimeric protein resulting from fusing the p37 with a yeast-enhanced green fluorescent protein, yEGFP. The recombinant protein was localized mainly in the cell wall of the transformed strain, although the presence of p37 in the cytosol was indicated by an increase in GAPDH activity. Calcofluor white sensitivity tests indicated that the cell wall structure is affected by the accumulation of p37. These results provided further evidence of p37 function regarding flocculation and that although lacking a N-terminal signal peptide p37 is targeted to the cell wall. 相似文献
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In fed-batch fermentation by Kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus, whey-soluble proteins were converted into oligopeptides. To assess whether bioactive peptides could be produced during whey fermentation, K. marxianus was cultured in batch in deproteinized media containing 5 or 15% (wt/vol) dehydrated whey for 20 h and then was in fed-batch mode for 50 h. After harvesting the biomass (25,000 x g, 15 min), at 6-h intervals, the wort was analyzed to determine protein consumption and oligopeptide production by HPLC. The proteins in the wort showed an oscillatory degradation with a constant increase in the production of oligopeptides. Four major peaks were collected and were analyzed by API mass spectroscopy. Sequences of fermented peptides were compared with sequences of known bioactive peptides. On the basis of their molecular weights, two amino acid sequences were proposed. The presence of sites containing the peptide sequence of beta-lactorphin (YLLF) suggests that these oligopeptides may have antihypertensive properties. 相似文献
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实验以菌株Sr18(Syncephalastrum racemosum)为发酵对象,以杀线虫活性为考察指标,在5 L、30 L发酵研究基础上,进行了200 L和5 t发酵罐水平上的规模发酵实验。结果显示,200 L罐发酵工艺参数为接种量4%,发酵温度26 ℃,罐压0.05~0.12 MPa,空气流量4~9 m3/h,转速120~198 r/min,发酵周期48 h;5 t罐发酵参数为接种量4%,发酵温度26 ℃,罐压0.03 MPa,空气流量65~80 m3/h,转速80~90 r/min,发酵周期40 h。在此发酵条件下,200 L和5 t罐的1倍稀释发酵液的杀线虫活性均可达到100%,表明实验所设定的发酵参数适用、可控。 相似文献
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以菌丝体生物量和多糖含量为评价指标,通过单因素试验研究了灰树花的液态深层发酵条件,并考察不同发酵罐类型对灰 树花生长的影响,在此基础上利用50 L发酵罐进行了扩大培养。 结果表明,利用7 L搅拌式发酵罐,灰树花的最优液体深层发酵条件为培 养温度23 ℃,搅拌速度120 r/min,通气量3 L/min。 在此优化条件下,菌丝体生物量和发酵液中多糖含量分别为11.659 g/L和3.658 g/L, 且高于气升式发酵罐。 在50 L搅拌式发酵罐中成功实现了扩大培养,其菌丝体生物量和多糖含量分别为13.238 g/L和3.178 g/L。 相似文献