脂肪替代品对膜脂损拌型酸奶流变性的影响

研究了不同脂肪替代品对脱脂搅拌型酸奶流变性的影响。结果表明，适当浓度的海藻酸丙二醇酯(PGA)、琼脂、高酯果胶、明胶、变性淀粉，都可以使酸奶达到一定的表观黏度，具有增稠的作用，解决酸奶组织砂状和口感粗糙、乳清分离等问题。其中添加质量浓度为5g／L变性淀粉及质量浓度为1g／L果胶的抗剪切能力最好。     

脂肪替代品对脱脂搅拌型酸奶流变性的影响

研究不同脂肪替代品对脱脂搅拌型酸奶流变性的影响。实验表明:适当浓度的海藻酸丙二醇酯(PGA)、琼脂、高酯果胶、明胶、变性淀粉,都可以使酸奶达到一定的表观黏度,具有增稠的作用,从而解决酸奶组织砂状和口感粗糙、乳清分离等问题。其中添加0.50%变性淀粉及0.10%果胶的抗剪切能力最好。     

脂肪替代品对脱脂搅拌型酸奶流变性的影响

研究了不同脂肪替代品对脱脂搅拌型酸奶流变性的影响。结果表明,适当浓度的海藻酸丙二醇酯(PGA)、琼脂、高酯果胶、明胶、变性淀粉,都可以使酸奶达到一定的表观黏度,具有增稠的作用,解决酸奶组织砂状和口感粗糙、乳清分离等问题。其中添加质量浓度为5g/L变性淀粉及质量浓度为1g/L果胶的抗剪切能力最好。     

复配稳定剂在搅拌型酸奶加工中的应用研究

研究了海藻酸丙二醇酯(PGA)、果胶和变性淀粉作为复配稳定剂在搅拌型酸奶中的应用.结果表明,海藻酸丙二醇酯、果胶与变性淀粉有较好的协同作用,通过三因素二次正交旋转组合设计实验,建立了粘度与三种稳定剂配比之间的动态模型,得出了三种稳定剂的最佳配比(%)是0.15:0.08:1.20.在冷藏(4℃)贮存25d后,搅拌型酸奶的组织状态细腻、均匀滑爽、无乳清析出、风味和口感良好.     

稳定剂对脱脂搅拌型酸奶粘度影响的研究

介绍了稳定剂对脱脂搅拌型酸奶粘度的影响。粘度是搅拌型酸奶生产过程中最重要的控制项目之一,也是评价酸奶质量的重要指标。通过控制脱脂搅拌型酸奶的粘度,研究其抗剪切能力,进而控制它的口感和稳定性。实验结果表明:分别添加PGA 0.10%、琼脂0.08%、明胶0.20%、果胶0.10%、变性淀粉0.50%浓度时,其抗剪切能力较好。     

三种搅拌型酸奶用变性淀粉的特性及应用

研究了3种搅拌型酸奶用变性淀粉——蜡质玉米乙酰化二淀粉磷酸酯(AWMDP)、木薯乙酰化二淀粉磷酸酯(ATDP)、蜡质马铃薯二淀粉磷酸酯(WPDP)的基本性质和应用效果。3种搅拌型酸奶用变性淀粉经95℃处理10min后仍保持膨胀的颗粒状态,但是膨胀的平均粒径大小、吸水能力不同,这主要与淀粉的来源、交联度有关。3种变性淀粉(0.5%,w/w)都使得搅拌型酸奶的表观黏度、持水力和弹性模量(G')增加,同时提高了酸奶的抗剪切变稀性。WPDP在改善酸奶的物理性能上明显优于其他2种变性淀粉。     

复合菌发酵乳生产及其稳定剂的选择

使用罗地亚MY900复合乳酸菌剂和CMC、黄原胶、变性淀粉、复合稳定剂,对搅拌型酸奶进行应用试验.结果表明当MY900菌剂的接种量为40U/1000L、发酵温度为43℃、发酵时间为5.0～6.0h, 搅拌破乳,制得的搅拌型酸奶口感优良,同时表明使用变性淀粉或复合稳定剂在酸奶生产中是合适的增稠剂.     

单纯形格子配料法复配搅拌型酸乳增稠剂研究

采用{3,2}单纯格子设计对果胶、明胶、变性淀粉3种酸乳增稠剂进行搅拌型酸乳复配优化试验,结果显示复配增稠剂配方中果胶、明胶、变性淀粉的质量比为2.1:1.8:1,按此种配方进行搅拌型酸乳增稠能在约0.2%总的添加量时使酸乳的黏度达到0.30 Pa·s.     

变性淀粉的性质及在搅拌型酸奶中的应用

本文主要介绍变性淀粉的种类及性质特点，并通过试验，论证其在搅拌型酸奶应用中起的作用。     

3种搅拌型酸奶用变性淀粉的特性及应用探讨

正搅拌型酸奶是一种营养价值比较高的饮品,它通过鲜奶发酵然后采用独特工艺搅拌而成。搅拌型酸奶富含多种乳酸菌,对于消费者的肠道健康有较大帮助,并且能显著增强人的免疫力。在搅拌型酸奶生产过程中,加入变性淀粉,能够显著增强搅拌型酸奶的表现黏度、持水力和弹性模量,对于改善酸奶的品质和风味口感有一定的帮助。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.