钢丝绳压制索具研究和应用

介绍钢丝绳压制索具相关标准现状。对绳套型压制索具和锚头型压制索具的加工成形工艺及使用场合进行说明;介绍安全绳、九股钢丝绳吊索及钢丝绳拖网3种典型的专用型压制索具的基本结构和特点。提出起吊用钢丝绳压制索具、工程用压制索具的发展方向。通过不断发展,使钢丝绳压制索具更广泛地应用于各个领域。     

九股钢丝绳吊索制作工艺

国内外吊装行业应用最广泛的索具有4大类:压制索具、插编索具、浇铸索具和环索索具。总结客户需求得出:市场对吊索吊装条件要求非常苛刻,吊点部位尺寸小,吊装空间受限制,吊索柔韧性好,吊索寿命长等。研制出钢丝绳吊索具的升级产品九股钢丝绳吊索,对九股钢丝绳吊索的特点、结构和优势进行阐述,并与常规索具进行性能对比。     

压制钢丝绳索具分类及应用

介绍压制钢丝绳索具的分类、特点、应用范围、制造要求和使用注意事项,列出了压制索具的载荷(WLL)计算公式。压制钢套索具可分为普通钢压制钢套索具和不锈钢压制钢套索具,压制钢套的原材料一般采用高强度合金钢制作,常选取20Cr作为原材料,压制索具可以根据客户需要提供任何受力状态下的成品索具。在整体结构上索具制作周期短,自重轻且强度高,因此被广泛应用。     

钢丝绳预制缠绕索具研制

介绍钢丝绳预制缠绕索具强度校核、结构设计、制作工艺和使用情况。对钢丝绳在弯曲状态下使用时强度折减进行计算,校核安全系数,并对钢丝绳预制缠绕索具的使用特点进行论述。结果显示,该索具可满足大模块整体吊装需求,提高大规格钢丝绳索具的整体性能。     

四股钢丝绳的研发应用

四股钢丝绳具有不旋转性好、柔软性能较好、结构稳定的优点,兼有异型股钢丝绳和线接触钢丝绳的性能特点。介绍国外四股钢丝绳生产的启示:产品体系完整,抗拉强度高,疲劳性能好。国内四股钢丝绳制造方法现在已经扩展到圆股挤压成型、锻打、辊压等3种。圆股挤压成型工艺生产4V×39S+5FC结构四股钢丝绳工艺参数:钢丝绳捻距倍数8.5,股捻距倍数7.5,钢丝绳直径20.5mm,绳芯直径6.8mm,挤压模孔直径20mm,生产的钢丝绳成功应用于港口装卸、索具、汽车起重机、旋挖钻机、油田捞油等许多方面。     

钢丝绳压套接头的强度分析

对钢丝绳铝套压接的三种接头类型进行了分析,给出了强度计算公式。可用来指导设计铝套,规定压制参数。     

钢丝绳浇铸索具的研究与应用

介绍钢丝绳浇铸索具相关标准现状。对浇铸接头基本结构的加工制作方法、优缺点及使用场合进行说明;介绍常见的叉耳、单耳式浇铸索具的基本结构和连接方式,以及3种可调节浇铸索具的结构和使用场合;分析几种典型专用形式钢丝绳浇铸索具的基本特点和连接方式。提出钢丝绳浇铸索具生产过程无害化及专用化的发展方向,以便钢丝绳浇铸索具更好地满足实际应用的需求。     

插编钢缆吊索及制造设备

为解决φ250 mm以上钢丝绳缆的制作及将绳缆高效率制成高质量的插编钢缆吊索难题,研制一种φ400mm缆绳编织机和φ400 mm退捻插编机。介绍插编钢缆吊索制造存在的问题及φ400 mm缆绳编织机的工作原理、结构特点、旋转系统、行走系统和控制系统。给出退捻插编机原理及机构示意图。利用φ400 mm缆绳编织机和退捻插编机可生产出最大直径450 mm、质量60 t的插编钢缆吊索,生产效率大大提高。     

钢丝绳等强度接头用铝合金的选择

叙述了钢丝绳等强度接头选用铝合金为材料的理论依据,列举了常用铝合金压接套管使用情况,并从合金成份、压制拉力与使用强度、最大变形量与极限塑性三方面进行了分析讨论。对铝合金牌号选择与压接套加工方法提出了意见。     

钢丝绳索具及其性能检测

吊索具是起重机吊钩和重物之间的所有连接物，吊索具是吊具和索具的总称。吊具的主要形式是梁式吊具；索具亦称吊索，是系结在物品上承受载荷的挠性部件，含上下端部配件。索具大致分为钢丝绳索、钢丝绳索具和链条索具，此外还有称为合成纤维吊装带的软索具等。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Influence des ions sur le pouvoir hydratant de l'ure e: e tude sur peau de porc ex vivo

This study deals with the influence of ions (NaCl and MgSO4) in a W/O emulsion containing 10% urea. Moisturization kinetics are assessed by corneometry on pig skin ex vivo. The formula's influence on urea penetration is measured by infrared spectrometry with an ATR device and the stripping method. Corneometry and spectroscopy were chosen to record simultaneously the hydratation levels and urea localization into superficial cell layers. Urea crystallization after evaporation of emulsions and aqueous solutions is described. Results show that urea does not hydrate nor penetrate when applied to the skin through an aqueous gel. In a W/O emulsion, sodium chloride increases the ability of urea to moisturize without improving penetration. In vitro urea crystallization is disturbed by sodium chloride or magnesium sulphate for solutions and emulsions. This stabilization by ions is correlated with good moisturization values. The stabilization of urea in the solute state provided by ions increases its water epidermal binding capacity without enhancing penetration.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Analysis on Economic Indicators from 62 Enterprises in Printing Machinery Industry in Q1 2014

Operation of printing machine industry was still unsatisfactory in the first quarter of 2014.Analysis on operation of printing machine industry.a.Market demand was not strong;sales of product undulated and declined.According to the statistics,the total industrial output value fell by 19.28% in the first quarter of 2014 than the average quarter value in 2013; industrial added value decreased by 4.16%; sales revenue dropped by 22.83%. h. Business operation of enterprises was in poor condition. c. R＆D of new products is an important transformation guarantee for enterprises. d. To take self explore new ways upgrading advantages,and explore new ways.