蜂胶在食用油脂中的抗氧化作用

本文以猪油、菜油为实验材料,测定其POV值来评价蜂胶在动物油和植物油中的抗氧化特性,并与没食子酸丙酯(PG)比较.结果表明蜂胶能够延缓这些底物的氧化进程,明显延长诱导期.且柠檬酸、卵磷脂能增强其抗氧化功能.蜂胶的抗氧化能力强于相近浓度的PG,蜂胶在短时间高温加热后,其抗氧化效率不受影响.     

蜂胶提取物对菜籽油抗氧化性的研究

蜂胶富含黄酮,具有较好的抗氧化功能。采用微波辅助提取技术对蜂胶中的抗氧化物质进行了优化提取,研究了提取物在菜籽油中的抗氧化性能,并对其有效的抗氧化成分进行了分析和初步研究。研究结果表明,蜂胶提取物具有较好的抗氧化作用,其抗氧化性优于茶多酚,与VC相近。     

蜂胶中有效成分的提取及其抗氧化性能的研究

研究了用乙醇提取蜂胶中有效成分的工艺条件,并对其进行了抗氧化性能的研究。经响应面优化的试验结果表明最佳提取条件为:乙醇浓度为94.51%,提取温度为34.44℃,提取时间为33.86h,料液比为1:15.91。抗氧化试验表明蜂胶的乙醇提取物(EEP)可有效的延缓油脂脂质过氧化反应,通过与维生素E和茶多酚进行比较,其抗氧化性能明显优于二者,表明蜂胶的乙醇提取物是一种很有潜力的天然、安全、高效的油脂抗氧化剂。     

蜂胶在食品工业中应用的研究

蜂胶是一种天然安全具有多种生物活性的物质,具有高效的抗氧化、抑菌、成膜等特性,近年来被作为一种高效安全的食品生物抗氧化剂、防腐保鲜剂,广泛用于食品工业中。就蜂胶在油脂工业中的抗氧化作用、在食品防腐保鲜中的抑菌防腐成膜作用进行总结研究,探讨蜂胶的作用机理,同时展望蜂胶在食品工业领域上的应用方向和前景。     

醇提超临界蜂胶剩余物的性质及其微胶囊粉末的制备

对超临界蜂胶的利用价值及其应用进行探讨。采用HPLC 法、国家标准法对蜂胶黄酮种类、总黄酮含量和抗氧化能力进行测定,采用冷冻干燥法对剩余物进行包埋。结果表明：醇提超临界萃取蜂胶剩余物的总黄酮含量为118.798mg/kg,与醇提蜂胶接近;不同蜂胶品对油脂的过氧化保护作用的强弱顺序是醇提蜂胶＞醇提超临界萃取蜂胶剩余物＞超临界蜂胶,说明超临界蜂胶剩余物也有一定的抗氧化作用;包埋后制备出的微胶囊产品粉质细腻、质地疏松,包埋率可达到69.87%。     

蜂胶乙醇提取物抗氧化性能研究

以核桃仁为试验材料 ,研究蜂胶乙醇提取物的抗氧化作用 ,结果表明0 05 %的蜂胶抗氧化能力是0 02 %BHT的2倍。     

蜂胶中有效成分的提取及其抗氧化性能的研究

研究了用乙醇提取蜂胶中有效成分的工艺条件，并对其进行了抗氧化性能的研究。经响应面优化的试验结果表明最佳提取条件为：乙醇浓度为94．51％，提取温度为34．44℃，提取时间为33．86h，料液比为1：15．91。抗氧化试验表明蜂胶的乙醇提取物(EEP)可有效地延缓油脂脂质过氧化反应，通过与维生素E和茶多酚进行比较，其抗氧化性能明显优于二者，表明蜂胶的乙醇提取物是一种很有潜力的天然、安全、高效的油脂抗氧化剂。     

蜂胶提取物的抗氧化活性研究

以菜籽油和猪油为实验油,采用schall烘箱法测定蜂胶及其乙醇提取物、超临界CO2提取物和CO2残渣醇提物的抗氧化活性,并与其他通用抗氧化剂比较。结果表明:总黄酮浓度0.01%以上的蜂胶提取物均能显著延长油脂氧化诱导期,是高效的油脂抗氧化剂;黄酮类化合物仍是各蜂胶提取物中主要含量成分和主要抗氧化活性成分之一,且随总黄酮浓度0.005%以上一定范围与其整体抗氧化活性呈现量效关系;在相同添加量0.02%(蜂胶提取物均以总黄酮计)和恒温60℃条件下,各抗氧化剂抗氧化效果按强弱顺序排列为:菜籽油中,TBHQ>蜂胶超临界CO2提取物>蜂胶CO2残渣醇提物≥蜂胶乙醇提取物>VE>甘氨酸>蜂胶>BHT;猪油中,TBHQ>蜂胶CO2残渣醇提物≥蜂胶乙醇提取物≥BHT>甘氨酸>蜂胶>蜂胶超临界CO2提取物>VE。本试验结果可望为各蜂胶提取物将来被用作含油脂食品的天然抗氧化剂提供一定的实验数据。     

蜂胶抗油脂氧化作用的研究

以菜籽油为对象，采用高温诱导其发生脂质过氧化反应，研究了蜂胶对油脂的抗氧化作用，结果表明，蜂胶醇提液可有效地延缓油脂脂质过氧化反应，抑制油脂酸价的升高，并与丁基化羟基茴香醚（BHA）和VE进行比较，其抗氧化作用明显优于二者，表明蜂胶是一种天然、安全、高效的油脂抗氧化剂。     

蜂胶中酚酸的提取及脂质抗氧化研究

采用蜂胶为原料,研究了蜂胶中酚酸的提取工艺及其脂质抗氧化活性。通过响应面分析法得到蜂胶酚酸的最佳提取工艺,即乙醇质量分数81.1%,超声功率115.5 W,提取时间34.8 min,液料比值21.7(mg/m L)。通过Na S2O3-I2滴定法测定蜂胶酚酸对猪油的抗氧化活性。结果表明,随着存放时间的延长,蜂胶酚酸能不同程度减缓猪油的氧化进程。试验条件下,当蜂胶酚酸添加量为猪油样0.10%时,其抗氧化效果达到最佳。     

Antioxidant activity and constituents of propolis collected in various areas of China

Propolis is a resinous substance collected by honeybees from various plant sources. The composition of propolis depends on time, vegetation, and the area of collection. This study examined the antioxidant activity of propolis from various areas of China: Heilongjiang, Neimongol, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Gansu, Henan, Hubei, Sichuan, Hunan, Yunnan and Hainan. Ethanol extracts of propolis (EEP) were prepared and evaluated for their antioxidant activities by β-carotene bleaching, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical-scavenging, and 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation decolorization assays. Furthermore, the major constituents in EEP were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with a photodiode array (PDA) and mass spectrometric (MS) detection, and each component was quantitatively analyzed. All propolis samples except that from Yunnan had relatively strong antioxidant activity accompanied by high total polyphenol contents. Propolis with strong antioxidant activity contained large amounts of antioxidative compounds, such as caffeic acid, ferulic acid and caffeic acid phenethyl ester. On the other hand, propolis from Yunnan and Hainan had compounds not present in propolis from other areas.     

Characterization of honey from different floral sources. Its functional properties and effects of honey species on storage of meat

The antioxidative effects of honey species and their related products were evaluated using a lipid peroxidation model system. The antioxidant activities of honey species gradually decreased with passage of time. Buckwheat honey was as effective as 1 mM α-tocopherol. Superoxide-scavenging activities of propolis and royal jelly were strongest among the honey species tested. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging ability of sample species were lower than those of 1 mM ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol. Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity was very high in all honeys (over 77% inhibition). From the results of the bacterial test on storage of meat and muscle, each honey exhibited the inhibition of bacterial growth. In particular, propolis and royal jelly exhibited the strongest inhibitory effects against bacterial growth. This suggests that honey species from different floral sources possess strong antioxidative and antibacterial activities and are scavengers of active oxygen species.     

Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of different propolis samples from north‐western Algeria

The aim of this study was the investigation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of different ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) collected from north‐western Algeria. Total polyphenols and flavonoids contents of extracts were measured. The UV absorption spectrum showed and confirmed their polyphenols constituents. All EEPs exerted antibacterial activity against Gram‐positive bacteria, but no effect on Gram‐negative bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of EEPs ranged from 0.01% to 2.6% v/v. The antioxidant activity was measured using ferric‐reducing power (FRAP), 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical‐scavenging and ESR methods. Propolis TIA‐2 and MOH‐MAS samples showed the highest antioxidative capacity, after 35 min, while TIA‐1, NED‐TL and SFS‐SBA samples showed the highest antioxidative potential of measured EEPs, after 3 min. TIA‐2 sample showed the highest antibacterial, antioxidant activity and highest DPPH free radical‐scavenging activity as well as the highest polyphenols and flavonoids content, compared with other propolis samples.     

蜂胶化学成分及其生物活性

该文分析蜂胶的化学成分,并综述蜂胶在抗菌、抗病毒、抗癌、抗氧化、增强免疫等方面生物活性,最后讨论蜂胶的毒性和过敏性。     

Vitamin E and propolis as antioxidants after excessive administration of polyunsaturated fatty acids

Polyunsaturated fatty acids included into animals' ration (10% of linethol) intensified lipid peroxidation and increased the activity of cathepsin D, an enzyme responsible for protein and lipid degradation in the cell. Vitamin E stabilized the impaired processes. Biologically active complex of propolis produced a similar effect, however, decreased protein synthesis and a tendency to animals' body mass increment have evidenced a more pronounced antioxidative action as compared to that of vitamin E.     

蜂胶和铁补充对运动大鼠血液铁状态的影响及蜂胶的抗氧化保护作用

目的：观察蜂胶和铁补充对运动大鼠血液铁状态指标和血浆自由基代谢的影响,研究蜂胶对运动和/或铁补充过程中产生的氧化损伤的抗氧化保护作用。方法：40只3月龄Sprague-Dawley雄性大鼠,被随机分为5组：对照组(C组)、运动组(E组)、运动补铁组(EI组)、运动补蜂胶组(EP组)和运动补铁同时补蜂胶组(EIP组),每组8只。6周递增负荷跑台训练后检测各组大鼠红细胞指标(红细胞数(RBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞比容(Hct))和血浆铁状态指标(血浆铁(PI)和总铁结合力(TIBC));并检测血浆MDA和SOD值。结果：E组红细胞和铁状态指标显著低于C组,MDA值显著高于C组,SOD值显著低于C组。与E组比较,EI组、EP组和EIP组的红细胞、铁状态指标均显著升高;EI组MDA值显著高于E组,SOD值显著低于E组;EP组和EIP组MDA值显著低于E组,SOD值显著高于E组。EIP组MDA值显著低于EI组,SOD值显著高于EI组,但与EP组无显著差异。结论：虽然铁补充能改善运动大鼠贫血和低铁状态,但增加了大鼠氧化应激风险。蜂胶能有效提高机体清除自由基能力,减少脂质过氧化,增强抗氧化酶活性;对改善运动大鼠贫血和低铁状态也有一定作用。     

Antioxidative activities of some commercially honeys,royal jelly,and propolis

The antioxidative effects of some honeys, royal jelly, and propolis were evaluated using a lipid peroxidation model. Activities gradually decreased over time. Buckwheat honey, pure honey (Chinese milk vetch), and propolis were the most active among honeys. Excepting royal jelly and propolis, the activities of all honeys were drastically decreased by heat treatment. The superoxide-scavenging activities of each honey, royal jelly, and propolis decreased in the order: propolis>royal jelly>buckwheat honey>honey (Japanese bee)>mixed-breed honey>pure honey (acacia)>commercially available honey>pure honey (Chinese milk vetch).     

Extraction, partial characterization, and storage stability of β-glucosidase from propolis

Extraction and assay conditions for β-glucosidase from propolis were optimized. Highest enzyme activity was obtained in a citric acid-disodium hydrogen phosphate buffer at pH 6.0 with 2.5% insoluble polyvinylpyrrolidone at incubation temperature of 57 °C. β-Glucosidase activities were found in all freshly harvested propolis while β-glucosidase activities were scarcely present in the randomly bought propolis. Propolis was stored at -20 °C and 4 °C for 3 mo with almost no loss of β-glucosidase activity, but at room temperature the activity decreased exponentially with the increase of storage time. These results indicated that the activity of β-glucosidase could be a candidate for propolis-freshness index. β-Glucosidase from propolis was capable of hydrolyzing p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucoside and p-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactoside, but lacked activity toward p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucuronide, p-nitrophenyl-β-D-cellobioside, amygdalin, cellobiose, and gentiobiose. These results were consistent with the hypothesis that flavonoid glucosides were hydrolyzed by β-glucosidase during propolis collection and processing and provided a possible explanation for why some flavonoid biosides (that is, rutin and isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside) exist in propolis. Practical Application: β-Glucosidase activity was detected and partial characterization of the enzyme was determined in propolis. The enzyme activity decreased exponentially with the increase of storage time at room temperature, which suggested that the activity of β-glucosidase could be regarded as a freshness index of propolis. The research will be useful for studying the chemical constituents of propolis.