热压烧结制备高密度钨铜合金

以用机械合金化法制备的超细W-15Cu复合粉末为原料,采用热压烧结工艺制备了高密度的W-15Cu合金,用扫描电镜、硬度仪、密度测试仪等研究了烧结工艺对合金组织和性能的影响.结果表明:采用高能球磨可以制备出钨晶粒镶嵌铜相中的复合粉末;采用热压烧结,在30MPa、1 500 ℃×2 h的条件下,可以制备出相对密度99.8%、断裂强度1290.6 MPa、硬度44.8HRC的高密度钨铜合金.     

磁控管用稀土氧化物-钼次级发射体的综合性能

阐述对所制备的复合稀土氧化物-钼(RE2O3-Mo)陶瓷阴极材料的次级发射性能、热发射、烧结成型性以及暴露大气性能所进行的测试,以及采用SEM和能谱仪等分析手段对材料进行微观分析,实验结果表明,Re氧化物总量在20%～25%时材料综合性能最佳.     

选择性激光烧结纳米蒙脱土改性聚苯乙烯

基于选择性激光烧结(SLS)技术,将有机纳米蒙脱土(OMMT)分别直接添加到聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚苯乙烯(PS)/环氧树脂(EP)混合粉末中,进行烧结试验;用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜对烧结试样进行了表征,并考察了其抗拉强度和抗弯强度。结果表明:利用SLS技术可直接制备出分别以PS粉末和PS/EP混合粉末为基体经有机纳米蒙脱土(OMMT)改性的纳米复合块体材料,添加了蒙脱土的两种复合粉末烧结试样的抗拉强度和抗弯强度均优于纯PS粉末的烧结试样,混合了EP粉末的PS/EP/OMMT复合粉末的性能最佳,其抗拉强度和抗弯强度比纯PS粉末的分别提高了139%和108%。     

Y2O3-Al2O3对热压复合陶瓷Si3 N4/(W,Ti)C 性能及组织的影响

Y2O3-Al2O3为复合烧结助剂,以(W,Ti)C为增韧补强材料,制备了Si3N4基复合陶瓷材料.研究了Y2O3和Al2O3的配比、体积分数对Si3N4/(W,Ti)C力学性能、致密化进程和烧结性能的影响.结果表明两者配比为23、总体积分数为10%时,可以获得较高的致密度和较好的烧结性能,材料力学性能最好,抗弯强度845MPa,显微硬度16.45GPa,断裂韧度7.0MPa·m1/2.     

保温时间对ATN陶瓷刀具材料力学性能及显微结构的影响

为了开发一种陶瓷刀具材料,以Al2O3/TiN为主要成分,利用热压烧结工艺,在烧结温度1700℃,烧结压力32MPa条件下制备了复合陶瓷材料.FiN含量取30%、40%、50%、60%,保温时间取5min、10min、15min.研究了四种配比的材料在不同保温时间下抗弯强度、硬度、断裂韧性等力学性能与材料显微结构的关系...     

Cu/CNTs复合材料的微观组织形貌与性能研究

在原位合成分布均匀的Cu/CNTs复合粉末的基础上,采用烧结温度为650℃,加载压力为35 MPa,保温时间为10 min的放电等离子烧结(SPS)工艺制备了Cu/CNTs复合材料。并对含有不同含量的Cu/CNTs复合粉末的Cu/CNTs复合材料的微观组织和性能进行研究。结果表明,当Cu/CNTs复合材料中的Cu/CNTs复合粉末含量为20%时,CNTs沿晶界均匀分布于铜基体中,形成具有一定结合力的CNTs-Cu界面,复合材料的导电率、硬度值和抗拉强度分别为82.8%IACS、96.4HV、417 MPa,且硬度、抗拉强度达到最大。     

玻璃含量对低温烧结硼硅酸盐玻璃-AlN陶瓷复合材料性能的影响

以组成(质量分数)为15%B_2O_3-45%MgO-35%SiO_2-5%ZrO_2(BMSZ)的玻璃粉体和AlN粉体为原料,采用常压烧结工艺制备了不同玻璃含量(55%~80%,质量分数,下同)的BMSZ玻璃-AlN陶瓷复合材料,研究了玻璃含量对复合材料烧结性能、热学性能、介电性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明:在AlN粉体中添加玻璃粉体后,在775~875℃烧结即可得到致密的复合材料;玻璃含量的适量增加能够促进烧结致密化,当玻璃含量超过70%后,其促进烧结致密的作用开始减弱,并会恶化复合材料的热导率与抗弯强度,但适当降低了复合材料的介电损耗;当玻璃含量为70%时,在825℃烧结所得复合材料的结构致密,综合性能最佳,体积密度为2.84g·cm~(-3),热导率为9.12W·m~(-1)·K~(-1),相对介电常数为7.65,介电损耗角正切为1.24×10~(-3),抗弯强度为174.88MPa。     

铬含量对Ni-10Al-xCr-0.6Y_2O_3合金高温抗氧化性能及室温力学性能的影响

利用粉末冶金方法制备了名义成分(质量分数/%)为Ni-10Al-xCr-0.6Y_2O_3(x=5,10,15,20)合金,研究了铬含量对烧结后合金物相组成、显微组织、高温抗氧化性能及室温力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着铬含量的增加,合金中的孔洞减少,相对密度增大,硬度和抗弯强度提高;当烧结温度为1 270℃、铬质量分数为20%时合金的性能最优,硬度和抗弯强度分别为352 HV和1 605 MPa;高含量铬促进了连续致密Al_2O_3保护膜的生成,从而降低了合金的氧化速率,提高了合金的高温抗氧化性能。     

石英粉填充聚四氟乙烯复合材料的蠕变性能

以石英粉为填料,通过机械混合和冷压烧结的方法制备石英粉填充改性聚四氟乙烯复合材料,研究复合材料的硬度、抗拉强度、压缩与回复性能和长期压缩蠕变性能.借助SEM探讨拉伸断面的微观结构.结果表明:加入适量的石英粉可以提高复合材料的硬度、抗蠕变性能,改进PTFE压缩与回复性能;但由于存在相界面缺陷,复合材料的抗拉强度降低.当粉石英质量分数在20%-30%之间时,其综合性能能够满足密封材料的要求.     

Mo-Cu合金烧结和形变强化研究

用机械合金化法制取Mo-8wt%Cu纳米复合粉末, 采用液相烧结和后处理工艺制备了全致密Mo-8wt%Cu合金. 通过扫描电镜对Mo-Cu液相烧结和变形加工后合金显微组织进行了分析, 研究了各种工艺参数对Mo-Cu合金致密性、 拉伸强度和延伸率的影响. 结果表明, 高能球磨的Mo-8wt%Cu纳米复合粉末坯体, 经液相烧结后, 其烧结态为Mo和Cu的复合网状组织, 在1 250 ℃烧结30 min, 可获得相对密度高达98.6%的Mo-Cu合金. 再经静液挤压和旋转锻造变形加工处理后, 可获得全致密的Mo-8wt%Cu合金. 在室温静液挤压40%形变率的条件下, 其拉伸强度可达576 MPa, 延伸率为5.8%.     

胶粘技术在电力设备上的应用

本文通过我厂1#机送风机A电机联轴器粘结修复。对粘接强度的计算,材料选用,性能分析,工艺的实施等进行论述,根据胶粘技术与其他工艺相比较,具有成本低,易操作,时间短,效果好等特点,特别是在电厂检修中更能体现其经济价值和社会效益,具有极高的推广应用价值。     

纳米级金属粉改善润滑油摩擦性能的研究

在MPX200实验机上考察了粒径为20～30hm的铜粉和锡粉加入Q030润滑油后的摩擦性能,结果表明该铜粉能够提高Q030润滑油的极压性能,而将铜粉和锡粉一起加入该润滑油则效果更佳。     

铜基粉末冶金载流摩擦磨损微观形貌分析

对铜基粉末冶金材料进行载流摩擦磨损实验,对磨损后的微观组织进行了观察与分析.结果表明,铜基粉末冶金材料在载流条件下,销试样表面不断发生氧化,电流为40和60 A时,摩擦表面覆盖着一层Fe的氧化物;电流为80和100 A时试样由于表面温度更高,形成Cu的氧化物.产生氧化物的不同,电弧产生烧损的严重程度不同,是导致不同电流下磨损机制不同、磨损率相差大的原因.电流较大时电烧蚀严重,加快了磨损进程.     

大麦麸皮蛋白的提取及碱水解条件的研究

本实验是以大麦麸皮为原料,通过碱提酸沉工艺提取大麦麸皮蛋白,并优化了实验室提取条件。此外还探索了碱法水解大麦麸皮蛋白的工艺条件,为以后大麦蛋白的更好利用提供了一些依据。通过单因素实验,以固液比、PH值、时间进行三因素三水平正交实验,通过考马斯亮兰法对蛋白质含量进行测定。结果表明蛋白提取率为10％左右,最佳工艺条件：固液比1：15,PH=12,水解温度40℃。在碱法水解蛋白工艺中,以水解温度、时间、加碱量为单因素考察,运用甲醛法对水解度的测定结果表明该工艺的水解度大约为30％左右。并且通过凝胶层析法考察了不同水解时间的分子量变化,水解产物主要是对应分子量分别在31500Da和100—200Da左右的小分子物质。     

Analytical electron microscopy and focused ion beam: complementary tool for the imaging of copper sorption onto iron oxide aggregates

Nanometre‐scale electron spectroscopic imaging has been applied to characterize the operation of a copper filtration plant in environmental science. Copper washed off from roofs and roads is considered to be a major contributor to diffuse copper pollution of urban environments. A special adsorber system has been suggested to control the diffusion of copper fluxes by retaining Cu with a granulated iron hydroxide. The adsorber was tested over an 18‐month period on facade runoff. The concentrations range of Cu in the runoff water was measured between 10 and 1000 p.p.m. and could be reduced by between 96% and 99% in the adsorption ditch. Before the analysis of the adsorber, the suspended material from the inflow was ultracentrifuged onto TEM grids and analysed by energy‐filtered transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM). Copper was found either as small precipitates 5–20 nm in size or adsorbed onto organic and inorganic particles. This Cu represents approximately 30% of the total dissolved Cu, measured by atomic emission spectrometry. To locate where the copper sorption takes place within the adsorber, the granulated iron oxide was analysed by analytical electron microscopy after exposure to the roof run‐off water. A section of the granulated iron hydroxide was prepared by focused ion beam milling. The thickness of the lamina was reduced to 100 nm and analysed by EFTEM. The combination of these two techniques allowed us to observe the diffusion of Cu into the aggregate of Fe. Elemental maps of Fe and Cu revealed that copper was not only present at the surface of the granules but was also sorbed onto the fine particles inside the adsorber.     

Effect of composition on friction coefficient of Cu–graphite composites

Cu–graphite composites were prepared by hot isostatic pressing from the copper and graphite powders in the range of 0–50 vol.% of graphite. The same graphite powder was copper coated and used for the preparation of coated composites with 30 and 50 vol.% of graphite. It was confirmed that with increasing concentration of graphite the coefficient of friction and wear rate of coated and uncoated composites at first decreases. When critical concentration threshold of graphite is reached the coefficient of friction of composites becomes independent on the composition while the wear rate decreases further. This threshold is not simply 20 vol.% of graphite as stated [P.K. Rohatgi, S. Ray, Y. Liu, Tribological properties of metal matrix graphite particle composites, Int. Mater. Rev. 37 (1992) 129–149.] for metal matrix composites, but it significantly depends on the composite structure: for uncoated composites, it is 12 vol.% of graphite for fine graphite powder (16 μm), while for coarse powder (25–40 μm, [S.F. Moustafa, S.A. El-Badry, A.M. Sanad, B. Kieback, Friction and wear of copper–graphite composites made with Cu-coated and uncoated graphite powders, Wear 253 (2002) 699–710.]) it is 23 vol.% of graphite. For coated composites the concentration threshold was found above 25 vol.% of graphite. The reason is that the increased number of fine copper debris within graphite rich tribolayer occurs homogeneously also at high graphite composition.     

工艺参数对铁基激光熔覆层组织和耐磨性的影响

采用激光熔覆技术在45钢表面制备铁基合金涂层,分析研究了在一定工艺参数范围内,熔覆区和结合区微观组织变化规律,摩擦磨损性的变化规律。结果表明:激光功率和扫描速度对熔覆层组织和耐磨性有规律性的影响,最终确定p=2.5 kW、v=3 mm/s~4 mm/s为优选工艺参数。     

原位反应法制备Al2O3/Cu复合材料的工艺研究

将自蔓延和传统铸造方法相结合,制备原位Al2O3颗粒增强铜基复合材料。研究原料配比、反应温度、预制片成型压力以及混粉时间等参数对复合材料组织的影响。结果表明,最佳的工艺参数为:铝粉与氧化铜粉的质量比为2∶1,铜粉加入量为5%(质量分数);预制片成型压力为12 MPa;浇注温度为1 120℃,混粉时间为30 min。     

50 omega characteristic impedance low-pass metal powder filters

We have fabricated several 50 omega characteristic impedance low-pass metal powder filters. The filters are made with bronze or copper metal powder with varying amounts of metal powder in a metal powder/epoxy mixture. Our goal is to make a filter with a characteristic impedance Z = 50 omega at frequencies up to 10 GHz. Using a 78% bronze powder/epoxy mixture in a suitable geometry, we achieved an impedance Z = 54 omega at 4.2 K, with a cutoff frequency fc approximately/= 0.3 GHz and an attenuation A = Vout/Vin=0.0001 (-80 dB) at 10 GHz. We also made several non-50 omega low-pass bronze powder filters with fc = 1 MHz and A = 0.0001 at 10 MHz. Fabrication details and performance data will be presented for both types of filter.     

冲天炉熔炼耐热球墨铸铁RQTSi5

介绍用耐热球铁（RQTSi5）代替RTCr0．8耐热铸铁生产水泥窑冷却机扬料板的生产条件和工艺技术。