西安伟京电子推出高可靠线性稳压器系列产品

西安伟京电子制造有限公司推出高可靠的线性稳压器产品WK1178××和WK1179××系列,兼容78××和79××系列稳压器。     

《仪表技术与传感器》2005年总目次

·综述·(期·页) sPR传感技术的发展与应用····································……(l 1.1) 耐高温压阻式压力传感器研究与进展·····················……(12.1) ·传感器技术· 组态软件环境下的CAN总线通信适配卡驱动程序的开发…(6·21) 自整角机轴角信息采集记录仪的设计·····················……(7·7) 基于80cl%朋单片机的在线式PNa检测仪·········……(7·10) 数字式谷物水分测试仪·······················…     

光折变晶体两波耦合增益系数强度特性理论研究

对两中心模型光折变晶体两波耦合增益系数Γ,总的有效陷阱密度N_eff和强度特性因子η(I)的强度特性进行了理论研究。结果显示在两中心模型的光折变晶体中,Γ,N_eff和η(I)有着复杂的特性。当S_Dγ_T/S_Tγ_D小时,对于A类和B类两中心晶体,N_eff随强度的增加而增加最终趋于饱和,当S_Dγ_T/S_Tγ_D大时,对于A类晶体N_eff增加到一个最大值后稍有减少,而对于B类晶体,N_eff增加到最大值后然而有较大的减少。不同类型晶体增益系数Γ有着不同的强度特性是由于晶体中有着不同的能级结构。     

单价银离子在 CaO-P2O5 系统玻璃中的发光特性

在弱还原气氛下制备了单价银离子(Ag⁺)掺杂的CaO-P₂O₅系统玻璃,测试了其在室温下的吸收光谱、激发光谱和发射光谱。Ag⁺-CaO-P₂O₅玻璃的吸收光谱表明两个吸收峰。高能峰位于220nm波长,由4d¹⁰→4d⁹5P¹跃迁引起,低能峰中心位于240nm波长,归因于4d¹⁰→4d⁹5s¹跃迁,该吸收与其发射特性有关。紫外波段的宽带吸收产生了可见波段强烈的荧光发射,发光峰位于440nm波长,半宽度为130nm.研究了掺质浓度与发光特性的关系,随着掺质浓度的增加(0.05～0.25mol%),发光峰向较长波段移动。在Ag₂O含量为0.5mol%时,出现了浓度猝灭现象。为了比较起见,同时还研制了Cu⁺-CaO-P₂O₅及Cu⁺-Ag⁺-CaO-P₂O₅玻璃。     

具有力感知功能的四臂式MEMS微夹持器研制

为了解决夹持器小型集成化、夹持力可控的问题，本文采用体硅加工技术成功的研制了一种基于单晶硅的、具有微力检测功能的新型四臂式MEMS微夹持器。以压阻检测技术为基础，利用MEMS侧面压阻刻蚀工艺将力传感器集成在微夹持器的夹持臂末端，实现夹持力的微力检测。采用有限元软件对微夹持器机构和传感器弹性体进行分析。S型柔性梁结构的设计将梳齿驱动的直线运动转化为夹持臂末段的转动，结合四臂式的末段结构，有效的扩展了夹持器的夹持范围。利用硅玻璃键合技术实现夹持臂的电隔离，通过施加80V电压，夹持臂的单臂运动范围为25靘，夹持器的夹持范围30-130靘。实验标定出传感器的最大量程在1mN以上，分辨率为3霳，可以实现夹持力的有效反馈。     

寒区高边坡机场坡顶土体振动响应研究

为解决寒区高填方机场坡顶土体安全问题,通过引入土体并联振动模型和快速傅里叶变换（fast Fourier transform, 简称FFT）,分析了振动台试验中冻结土样振动响应在时域和频域内的变化规律,提出了基于响应频率的冻结土样动力稳定性分析方法。研究表明：冻结土样在融化过程中的加速度增长比R_a、频率和频率增长比R_f均明显变大,但加速度幅值变化规律不明显;土样含水率越高,融化时间越短,R_f越大,完全融化后的响应频率值越大,但对加速度放大系数影响不大;在高温冻结阶段,R_f出现突变但R_a变化不显著,表明在频域中分析冻结土样振动响应变化比时域分析中灵敏度更高。振动台试验结果验证了土体振动并联模型的可靠性,对寒区高填方机场坡顶土体安全监测具有一定参考价值。     

浮动平底推杆-盘形凸轮组合机构的第Ⅰ类机构综合问题

提出“预设凸轮轴心O1+等距/网格/离散化+校核+取舍”的新型求解策略和路线,通过建立“固定、浮动坐标系”并引入“支撑函数法”、“瞬时区域套”、“经济搜索区域”及“等距/网格/离散化”等概念和方法,研究了满足ρ＞0、α≤[α]∩α≤[α]r和ρ＞0、α≤[α]∩α≤[α]r等单纯或组合条件下凸轮轴心O1的求解原理、解析表达、“位置区域Πρ、Π[α]和Πρ∩[α]”及其形态特征,提出了搜索求解的思路和方法,推导出了平底工作段及其长度、总长度的求解确定方法,揭示出“位置区域Π[α]和 Πρ∩[α]”的“类等腰三角形”、“收缩聚敛性”、“脊点O*1/脊线{O*1}存在性”和“最优脊点O**1存在性”等规律特性,得到“凸轮轴心O1优选(非劣)解集”、“最优凸轮轴心O*1opt和O**opt”等重要的关键性结论,较圆满地解决了浮动平底推杆-盘形凸轮组合机构的第Ⅰ类机构综合问题。     

基于Ge2Sb2Se4Te1的可重构光开关的仿真

光开关是集成光路上一个重要的元器件。提出了一种用在L和C波段基于硫系相变材料（Ge₂Sb₂Se₄Te₁）的片上2×2定向耦合器式的可重构光开关,可通过改变相态切换开关。利用仿真软件Lumerical中的Mode Solutions和FDTD Solutions模块设计器件,得到在1500~1625 nm内耦合长度为24.9 μm的Ge₂Sb₂Se₄Te₁非晶态下插入损耗（IL）>-0.36 dB,串口对比度（CT）<-24 dB;Ge₂Sb₂Se₄Te₁晶态下IL>-0.44 dB,CT<-30.46 dB。利用仿真软件COMSOL模拟532 nm波长激光加热Ge₂Sb₂Se₄Te₁,结果显示：一个25 ns、峰值功率45 mW的高斯短脉冲可以使材料由晶态转化为非晶态;施加多个峰值功率20 mW、周期1 μs且占空比0.03%的高斯脉冲阵列可重回晶态。仿真结果表明,设计的光开关在通信波段通过激光加热可以快速实现切换光路的作用。     

大型激光装置光学元件的稳定性分析

大型高功率固体激光装置对打靶精度有很高的要求，总的打靶精度通常在几十微米。而分配到单个光学元件的稳定性指标只有几微米或者几个微弧度，某些光学元件的稳定性指标甚至小于一微弧。这就对结构的稳定性提出了很高的要求。以一大型激光装置为背景，以关键光机系统为例进行稳定性设计。应用有限元理论对关键光学元件及其支撑结构的稳定性进行分析，以验证光机结构设计的合理性。分析结果表明关键光学元件均满足稳定性设计指标和裕度系数。     

用锡盘抛光 α-Al2O3 单晶的初步实验研究

概述了抛光α-Al₂O₃单晶的意义、介绍了用锡盘抛光α-Al₂O₃单晶的实验装置、描述了抛光实验过程、研究了抛光时间和抛光液酸碱度对工件表面粗糙度的影响。通过改变抛光时间及抛光液pH值,可使α-Al₂O₃单晶工件表面粗糙度优于0.4nmrms.     

Hybrid inversion method for equivalent electric charge of thunder cloud based on multi-station atmospheric electric field

This article proposes the hybrid method to inverse the equivalent electric charge of thunder cloud based on the data of multi-station atmospheric electric field. Firstly,the method combines the genetic algorithm( GA) and New ton method through the mosaic hybrid structure. In addition,the thunder cloud equivalent charge is inversed based on the forw ard modeling results by giving the parameters of the thunder cloud charge structure. Then an ideal model is built to examine the performance compared to the nonlinear least squares method. Finally,a typical thunderstorms process in Nanjing is analyzed by Genetic-New ton algorithm with the help of weather radar. The results show the proposed method has the strong global searching capability so that the problem of initial value selection can be solved effectively,as well as gets the better inversion results. Furthermore,the mosaic hybrid structure can absorb the advantages of tw o algorithms better,and the inversion position is consistent with the strongest radar echo.The inversion results find the upper negative charge is small and can be ignored,w hich means the triple-polarity charge structure is relatively scientific,w hich could give some references to the research like lightning forecasting,location tracking.     

POWER FLOW ANALYSIS AND APPLICATION SIMULATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC CONTINUOUSLY VARIABLE TRANSMISSION

With the structure of two air gaps and two rotors, the electromagnetic continuously variable transmission（EMCVT） is a novel power-split continuously variable transmission（CVT）. There are two kinds of power flowing through the EMCVT, one is mechanical power and the other is electric power. In the mean time, there are three power ports in the EMCVT, one is the outer rotor named mechanical power port and the other two are the inner rotor and the stator named electric power ports. The mechanical power port is connected to the driving wheels through the final gear and the electric ports are connected to the batteries through the transducers. The two kinds of power are coupled on the outer rotor of the EMCVT. The EMCVT can be equipped on the conventional vehicle being regarded as the CVT and it also can be equipped on the hybrid electric vehicle（HEV） as the multi-energy sources assembly. The power flows of these two kinds of applications are analysed. The back electromotive force（EMF） equations are illatively studied and so the dynamic mathematic model is theorized. In order to certify the feasibility of the above theories, three simulations are carried out in allusion to the above two kinds of mentioned applications of the EMCVT and a five speed automatic transmission（AT） vehicle. The simulation results illustrate that the efficiency of the EMCVT vehicles is higher than that of the AT vehicle owed to the optimized operation area of the engine. Hence the fuel consumption of the EMCVT vehicles is knock-down.     

CHARACTERISTCS OF FLUID FILM IN OPTIMIZED SPIRAL GROOVE MECHANICAL SEAL

In order to investigate the sealing performance variation resulted from the thermal deformation of the end faces, the equations to calculate the fluid film pressure distribution, the bearing force and the leakage rate are derived, for the fluid film both in parallel gap and in wedgy gap. The geometrical parameters of the sealing members are optimized by means of heat transfer analysis and complex method. The analysis results indicate that the shallow spiral grooves can generate hydrodynamic pressure while the rotating ring rotates and the bearing force of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces is much larger than that in the flat end faces. The deformation increases the bearing force of the fluid film in flat end faces, but it decreases the hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces. The gap dimensions which determine the characteristics of the fluid film is obtained by coupling analysis of the frictional heat and the thermal deformation in consideration of the equilibrium condition of the bearing force and the closing force. For different gap dimensions, the relationship between the closing force and the leakage rate is also investigated, based on which the leakage rate can be controlled by adjusting the closing force.     

地铁车辆车轮多边形化形成原因分析

针对地铁车辆车轮多边形化问题,探讨分析车轮多边形化形成原因。提出车轮多边形化是由车轮滚动多周的振动所形成的这一创新观点,并分析车轮多边形化的顶点相位角、主振频率与运行速度之间的关系。以某直线电动机地铁车辆为例,基于建立的多体动力学模型,研究各速度下轮轨垂向力的主导频率,分析易产生车轮9边形化的速度及主导频率特性,指出在72～80 km/h的速度范围内,该直线电动机地铁车辆有形成车轮9边形化的可能。以72 km/h和80 km/h为例,给出此速度下的轮轨垂向力及其主导频率、前转向架直线电动机垂向振动加速度及其主振频率,结果表明两种速度下主导频率分别为39.08 Hz和43.48 Hz的振动有形成车轮9边形化的趋势。指出各速度下的相位角变化,并给出车轮9边形化的示意图。     

CURING PROCESS OF PHOTOPOLYMER RESIN BOND DIAMOND TOOLS

Analytical simulation and corresponding proof-test are adopted to study the principle of the curing process of photopolymer resin diamond tools. The influence of the diamond as abrasives in photopolymer resin owing to the absorptivity of the diamond for the UV light on the photopolymer resin curing process is discussed. Based on the above, a kind of diamond tool—dicing blade is selected to analyze the curing process of photopolymer bond diamond tools. An analytical model of curing process is developed and a correlation curve between the depth of polymerization of the photopolymer resin diamond tools and the exposure time to represent the curing process of photopolymer bond dicing blade. A test is done to proof-test the validity of the analytical model and the correlation curve. The simulated data fit the experimental results, which demonstrates the analytical models and numerical algorithm are of high reliability. The analytical simulation method could possibly be used to optimize the curing cycle and improve the quality of the photopolymers resin bond diamond tools.     

运用EMD和GA SVM的齿轮故障特征提取与选择

针对齿轮故障特征提取,首先将齿轮箱振动信号进行经验模态分解,得到一组固有模态函数.计算各固有模态函数的能量和矩阵的奇异值,采用Shannon熵和Renyi熵度量能量和奇异值分布,构成原始特征子集.再采用遗传算法和最小二乘支持向量机的Wrapper方法选择最优特征子集.该方法能够利用较少的特征参数集准确判别齿轮故障,提高了齿轮故障诊断的精度与效率.     

基于等厚涡轮盘结构的可靠性研究

利用有限元软件对转子进行可靠性分析时,转子的结构以及其他设计参数都是以确定量来进行分析的,不能实现所有参数的随机性分析.以弹性力学为基础,从转子的微元体出发,推导出同时考虑离心力和温度场对转子系统影响的等厚度轮盘任意一点的应力计算式和实际工程常用的变厚度轮盘任意一点的应力计算式.以传统的应力-强度干涉模型为基础,考虑转子随机结构尺寸、温度应力、转速和材料强度等参数的随机性,利用积分随机有限元方法对转子进行可靠性分析,该方法利用确定性有限元实现了随机分析,计算精度较高,实现了转子系统随机结构的可靠性分析.     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

汽车发动机检测诊断技术探析

通过对现行汽车发动机检测与诊断技术的应用状况进行分析研究,从保证发动机正常工作的动力性和经济性指标方面,介绍了运用先进的汽车诊断专用设备对发动机的各项主要状态参数进行分析、处理的方法和步骤,以实现汽车发动机使用的安全性和最佳经济性的目的。