工作模态控制解耦的塔形直线超声电机

针对现有塔形超声电机无法相互独立控制法向和切向振动等实际应用问题,提出了一种工作模态控制解耦的塔形直线超声电机。塔形电机设计有两个非共面的正交工作模态,分别为用于独立控制法向振动的x-z面内对称振动模态以及用于独立控制切向振动的y-z面内弯振模态。相应设计了压电陶瓷片的极化布置方案,即塔形电机的压电陶瓷片分为A,B两相,其中A相用于激励x-z面内对称振动模态,B相用于激励y-z面内弯振模态。通过对电机A,B两相相互独立控制就可以实现两个非共面正交工作模态的控制解耦。实验表明,在解耦控制条件下,当A相电压固定为400Vp-p,B相电压在0~400Vp-p变化时,电机运行速度与B相电压成正比,最大运行速度为420mm/s,最小运行速度为23mm/s。     

单模态驱动的非对称定子结构塔形超声电机

现有单模态驱动超声电机或者只能单向运动,或者存在严重磨损。针对此问题,提出了一种单模态驱动双向运动的塔形超声电机。塔形电机由非对称结构塔形定子和动子构成。塔形定子采用非对称的兰杰文振子结构,设计有低阶和高阶非对称工作模态以及相应的压电陶瓷片极化布置方案,通过模态切换就可以实现电机的单模态驱动和正反向运动。分析了电机的工作原理,制作了原理样机,并对样机进行了模态实验和机械特性实验。结果表明,当A相单相激励,电机工作在高阶工作模态,动子正向运行,最大速度为112mm/s,最大输出力为2N;当B相单相激励,电机工作在低阶工作模态,动子反向运行,最大速度为94mm/s,最大输出力为3N。     

一种新型菱形压电振子的设计及其驱动轨迹研究

为了给某型转台提供压电驱动装置,设计了一种新型2自由度菱形压电振子。对此新型振子进行结构设计,并运用ANSYS软件进行了模态分析,根据分析结果确定了振子的激振频率。对菱形振子的驱动轨迹进行理论计算,并运用Comsol软件进行仿真,仿真结果表明驱动轨迹成立,与轨迹理论计算吻合,证明了此压电振子可以提供相应的驱动。进一步对振子的驱动方式进行改变,从而得到了改进的振子,对该改进设计进行Comsol仿真,结果表明驱动轨迹在x-z面内提高了73.3%,在y-z面内提高了128%,此菱形压电振子对后续压电电机的设计提供借鉴。     

斜动子与塔形定子构成的单驱双动超声电机

针对两相超声电机对模态频率一致性要求高及单相超声电机难于实现双向运动等问题,提出了一种单相驱动双向运动斜动子塔形直线超声电机。动子相对于塔形定子倾斜安装,利用塔形定子的面内对称模态或面内弯曲模态为工作模态,通过切换工作模态改变定子驱动足运动轨迹相对于动子的倾斜方向,实现动子正、反向运动。在分析电机工作原理及设计原则的基础上,推导了电机运行的导轨倾角适用范围,对设计制作的原理样机进行了模态实验和机械特性测试。实验表明,在导轨倾斜角为35°,激励电压为500 V,预压为力4.5 N的条件下,面内对称振动模态工作时的最大空载速度为79 mm/s,最大输出力为0.5 N;面内弯曲模态工作时的最大空载速度为756 mm/s,最大输出力为0.8 N。     

基于振型假定的直线超声电机动力学模型分析

基于分析动力学的哈密顿原理,采用假定将纵弯直线超声电机压电振子的复杂振动在模态域内等效成单自由度系统的简单振动,建立了基于压电陶瓷诱发应变激振的超声电机压电振子的机电耦合动力学模型,通过实例计算验证该模型是较准确的,可以用于指导超声电机的结构优化设计和参数化分析.     

基于面内复合模态的直线超声电机振子有限元分析

提出了一种新型的矩形压电复合板直线超声电机,它除了具有直线超声电机的共同特点之外,还具有自身的薄、小、轻、驱动力大等突出特点,可直接用于计算机硬盘磁头驱动等外设装置。该矩形压电复合板直线超声电机利用矩形压电复合振子平面内的两种弯、弯振动模态合成。在一定预紧力作用下,矩形板的两侧边将产生驱动力使动子移动。本文通过ANSYS有限元分析软件对矩形压电复合振子进行了详尽的模态分析,分析讨论了结构参数及弹性体材料对于矩形压电复合层板模态的影响,为利用面内复合模态的矩形压电复合板直线超声电机的设计奠定了基础。     

一种面内行波旋转超声电机的模态试验方法

为检验一种面内行波旋转超声电机定子结构动力学设计的优化设计方法,探讨了一类利用圆环面内弯振模态超声电机定子的模态试验方法.首先,分析了该面内行波旋转超声电机的工作原理;然后,基于有限元分析软件建立了电机的有限元模型,分析了其工作模态的特点;最后,结合PSV-300-B型激光扫描多普勒测振仪的测量原理,提出了通过测量圆环轴向振型识别该类型超声电机工作模态的测试方法.试验结果表明,该方法能够有效地检测出该面内行波旋转超声电机的工作模态,为利用圆环面内弯振模态的一类超声电机的模态试验和进一步优化设计提供了参考.     

基于扭振斜向贴片式应力型纵扭复合超声电机

设计了一种新型双转子应力型纵扭复合超声电机,并对该型电机的结构进行了设计; 提出了一种基于扭转振动斜向粘贴压电片方式,利用矩形压电陶瓷贴置在开有斜槽的圆形定子基体上的布局方案,用于激励出定子基体产生一阶扭转振动模态; 通过有限元软件计算出定子基体一阶扭振模态和定/转子整体的二阶纵振模态,并对两者模态的固有频率一致性进行设计。对设计的10 mm贴片式双转子应力型纵扭复合超声电机进行振动测试实验并选择其最佳的工作频率,实验结果验证该方案的可实施性。     

用于振动输送的一种压电环形振子

基于环形振子面内弯曲振动模态,提出将行波直线超声电机的长环型振子用于小块体物料的振动输送技术,研制出一种具有宽输送面的不对称压电输送振子,并对该振子进行了振动测试和实物输送实验研究。     

卧式板型直线超声电机的微型化

基于L1B4板型直线超声电机,研制了一种外型尺寸为36mm×5mm×4mm的卧式板型微型直线超声电机。论述了电机的工作原理和运行机理,使用解析法和有限元法进行了微型化结构设计,分析了定子的振动模态,并实现了频率简并。通过模拟压电激励的动态频率响应,对比了样机的5片压电陶瓷布置方案和常用的两片压电陶瓷布置方案的共振位移响应曲线,证实了采用5片压电陶瓷布置方案增大了输出端点处产生的振动位移。样机特性测试实验表明,当激励信号电压为150Vpp,频率为62kHz时,电机最大速度为183.7mm/s,输出推力为50mN。预期该电机可以用于电机安置空间比较狭窄且需要一定动力的直线驱动场合。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.     

CHARACTERISTCS OF FLUID FILM IN OPTIMIZED SPIRAL GROOVE MECHANICAL SEAL

In order to investigate the sealing performance variation resulted from the thermal deformation of the end faces, the equations to calculate the fluid film pressure distribution, the bearing force and the leakage rate are derived, for the fluid film both in parallel gap and in wedgy gap. The geometrical parameters of the sealing members are optimized by means of heat transfer analysis and complex method. The analysis results indicate that the shallow spiral grooves can generate hydrodynamic pressure while the rotating ring rotates and the bearing force of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces is much larger than that in the flat end faces. The deformation increases the bearing force of the fluid film in flat end faces, but it decreases the hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces. The gap dimensions which determine the characteristics of the fluid film is obtained by coupling analysis of the frictional heat and the thermal deformation in consideration of the equilibrium condition of the bearing force and the closing force. For different gap dimensions, the relationship between the closing force and the leakage rate is also investigated, based on which the leakage rate can be controlled by adjusting the closing force.     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

OPTIMIZATION METHOD ON IMPELLER MERIDIONAL CONTOUR AND 3D BLADE

An optimization method for 3D blade and meridional contour of centrifugal or mixed-flow impeller based on the 3D viscous computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is proposed. The blade is indirectly parameterized using the angular momentum and calculated by inverse design method. The design variables are separated into two categories: the meridional contour design variables and the blade design variables. Firstly, only the blade is optimized using genetic algorithm with the meridional contour remained constant. The artificial neural network (ANN) techniques with the training sample data schemed according to design of experiment theory are adopted to construct the response relation between the blade design variables and the impeller performance. Then, based on the ANN approximated relation between the meridional contour design variables and impeller performance, the meridional contour is optimized. Fewer design variables and less calculation effort is required in this method that may be widely used in the optimization of three-dimension impellers. An optimized impeller in a mixed-flow pump, where the head and the efficiency are enhanced by 12.9% and 4.5% respectively, confirms the validity of this newly proposed method.