码垛机器人机构设计与运动学研究

针对物流自动化行业中对箱包高速码垛的需求,研制了一种码垛机器人机构.并依据搬运机器人的性能要求,设计一种四自由度的码垛机器人.重点对码垛机器人的运动学分析了研究,推导运动学正反解方程及最大工作空间的判断且规划了运动路径,在运动过程中通过码垛关键参数的输入和码垛空间的判断,最后进行了图形仿真,验证了运动轨迹的正确性,实验结果证明所设计的机器人已可满足在物流自动化的目标要求.     

码垛机器人运动学分析与仿真

为了评价码垛机器人的工作能力和实现作业的精确控制,需对码垛机器人进行工作空间计算和轨迹规划。以ABB IRB660码垛机器人为例,建立D-H矩阵并对其工作空间进行仿真;然后对码垛机器人完成特定码垛任务进行轨迹规划。工作空间仿真结果表明,码垛机器人杆件参数和关节参数设计满足工作要求;对拟定的码垛任务轨迹规划结果表明,此轨迹规划达到了考虑速度、加速度等边界条件的前提下运动时间最优的目的,验证了机构设计的合理性。本研究有利于码垛机器人的结构设计和动作控制,并为码垛机器人的精确控制和动力学研究奠定了基础。     

一种变胞式码垛机器人机构设计分析

以码垛机器人机构为研究对象,将变胞机构的概念引入码垛机器人机构的设计,设计一种能够实现单自由度和两自由度间转变的码垛机器人机构,使其在两自由度时,具有可控机构的柔性控制特性,灵活实现码垛机器人抓取及装卸动作的精确定位,在单自由度工作式,具有较好的运动稳定性,实现码垛机器人稳定的搬运动作.应用邻接矩阵及旋量理论分析了该机构各构件间的连接与运动关系,为此类机构在工业机器人上的实际应用提供了一定参考.     

基于PMAC运动控制卡的混联码垛机器人研制

根据串联机构和并联机构的特点,以及搬运机器人的性能要求,设计了一种4自由度混联码垛机器人,分析了该机器人的运动学特性,求出其位置正反解析解,给出了机器人码垛的路径规划.控制系统采用工业PC(IPC)作为主计算机,利用分布式二级控制结构实现系统的监控和作业管理,协调各关节的运动,准确地跟踪轨迹规划.最后针对普通示教再现作业方式,提出了码垛机器人离线编程方法,重点对搬运机器人离线码垛过程进行了研究,自主开发了机器人控制软件.实际使用结果表明,所研制的机器人已能满足物流自动化系统中的码垛需求.     

一种经济型码垛机器人的码垛规划算法

为了降低机器人的制造成本,设计了一种4自由度经济型码垛机器人,具有结构简单、机身紧凑的特点,满足轻量化和低成本设计要求。采用几何法建立了码垛机器人的正、逆运动学模型,并且基于工业现场码垛要求建立了码垛机器人与码垛托盘之间的数学模型。同时考虑码垛物体对机器人的常用垛型进行了详细分析,并设计了垛型计算方法和机器人的码垛轨迹。最后进行了码垛机器人实验,仿真及实验结果验证了码垛机器人机构设计及码垛算法的有效性,满足码垛机器人的设计及实际应用要求。     

码垛机器人运动精度可靠性及其灵敏度分析

运动精度是评价机构质量的重要考核指标.针对码垛机器人四杆机构,运用矩阵法建立了机构输入,输出关系的运动精度分析模型.在考虑了基本尺寸误差和运动副间隙误差的基础上,运用二阶矩和摄动法给出了码垛机器人四杆机构运动精度可靠性的设计方法,并结合算例求出了不同间隙误差情况下机构位置精度的可靠性指标,并计算出其可靠度.结合可靠性的分析结果,运用可靠性灵敏度技术在算例中给出了码垛机器人四杆机构各随机参数可靠性灵敏度的变化规律.     

混联码垛机器人机构选型设计及最大工作空间分析

随着企业的集团化和生产能力的规模化,对码垛机器人工作能力的要求不断提高,高性能、低成本的码垛机器人将具有广阔的应用市场.针对企业的要求,设计了一种四自由度的混联码垛机器人,即能实现手部空间三维移动及一维转动的混联码垛机器人机构.对机器人的机构选型设计进行了概述,并分析了机器人的最大工作空间,建立了运动学方程,通过推导得...     

一种新型混联码垛机器人的设计与分析

设计了一种以2-UPS/U并联构型为基础来实现码垛机器人大臂抬升和旋转两个自由度运动,在大臂上串联RPR/R构型实现小臂运动的新型混联码垛机器人。对2-UPS/U并联机构和RPR/R串联机构进行了机构模型的位置分析,并建立了混联码垛机器人的整体数学模型。通过MATLAB软件和SolidWorks软件进行了混联码垛机器人的虚拟仿真分析,验证了所设计的新型混联码垛机器人的结构的合理性。得出该新型混联码垛机器人非常适合应用在码垛场合的结论。     

码垛机器人回转机构的动力学仿真

高速码垛机器人工作时,动态特性是必须要考虑的问题。以码垛机器人回转机构为研究对象,建立回转机构的动力学方程,并在MATLAB/SIMULINK软件中建立相应的数学模型。为保证仿真结果的准确性,在建立回转机构的动力学方程时,必须考虑刚性、阻尼和惯量对回转运动的动态特性的影响。在ADAMS软件中建立码垛机器人的虚拟样机模型,计算得到典型工况下机器人回转机构的负载力矩曲线,并以负载力矩曲线和伺服电动机角速度曲线为输入信号,在MATLAB软件中对回转机构进行动力学仿真。仿真结果表明:回转机构的刚度、阻尼和惯量对回转运动影响的最大值为0.11°,回转机构具有较好的动态特性。     

混联码垛机器人静力学分析

对国内各类码垛机器人结构进行分析,观察发现大部分码垛机器人的结构都采用串联机构,然而在一定条件下,串联机构稳定性差、承受负载能力较小、机器人运动学与动力学性能差;现采用混联机构来弥补串联机构上存在的不足。利用静力学方法将瞬时惯性力系转化为静力系,通过对机器人整体及其部分结构的力系平衡方程建立了机器人的静力学模型。并针对其关键零部件受力分析,进行实例计算和强度分析。结果说明该结构在受载条件下能够满足强度要求。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Robust Impedance Control of Robots Using an Adaptive Interaction Force Observer

For robot interaction control,the interaction force between the robot and the manipulated object or environment should be monitored.Impedance control is a type ...     

Research on key techniques of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system

This paper analysis the developing of expendable conductivity temperature depth measuring system(XCTD)and introduce its principle of measuring about temperature,salinity and depth of ocean.Some key techniques are put forward.According to the real needs of XCTD,conductivity sensor with high sensitivity is designed by principle of electromagnetic induce,the ocean conductivity from induced electromotive force has been calculated.Adding temperature correction circuit would help to reduce error of conductivity measurement because of sharply changing temperature.Advanced temperature measuring circuit of high precision and the constant current source is used to weaken effect of self-heating of resistance and fluctuation of the source.On respect of remote data transmission,LVDS is a good choice for the purpose of guarantee the quality of data transmitted and the transmission distance is reaching to thousand meters in the seawater.Modular programming method is also brought into this research aimed at improve the stability,reliability and maintainability of the whole measuring system.In February,2015,the trials in South China Sea demonstrate that the developed XCTD realize effective measurement at a speed of 6 knots and detection depth at 800 m.The consistency coefficient of the acquired data is greater than 0.99 and the success rate of probe launching is above 90%.     

CHARACTERISTCS OF FLUID FILM IN OPTIMIZED SPIRAL GROOVE MECHANICAL SEAL

In order to investigate the sealing performance variation resulted from the thermal deformation of the end faces, the equations to calculate the fluid film pressure distribution, the bearing force and the leakage rate are derived, for the fluid film both in parallel gap and in wedgy gap. The geometrical parameters of the sealing members are optimized by means of heat transfer analysis and complex method. The analysis results indicate that the shallow spiral grooves can generate hydrodynamic pressure while the rotating ring rotates and the bearing force of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces is much larger than that in the flat end faces. The deformation increases the bearing force of the fluid film in flat end faces, but it decreases the hydrodynamic pressure of the fluid film in spiral groove end faces. The gap dimensions which determine the characteristics of the fluid film is obtained by coupling analysis of the frictional heat and the thermal deformation in consideration of the equilibrium condition of the bearing force and the closing force. For different gap dimensions, the relationship between the closing force and the leakage rate is also investigated, based on which the leakage rate can be controlled by adjusting the closing force.