公众食品药品网络谣言和虚假宣传辨识能力调查——以贵州省某少数民族自治地区为例

目的 了解公众对网络食品药品谣言信息及虚假宣传甄别能力和行为态度，探索防范谣言传播、维护社会稳定的有效措施和途径。方法 采用随机抽样研究方法，对贵州省某少数民族自治州公众开展食品药品网络谣言及虚假宣传辨识能力、行为态度问卷调查。结果 当地公众食品药品网络谣言及虚假宣传辨识能力总体较低，经济发展落后地区的青少年人群对网络谣言及虚假宣传的辨识能力较弱。大部分公众处理网络食品药品安全信息较为理性，更愿意通过国家监管部门权威网站了解信息，基本具备了确认信息真实性的主观意识，但辟除谣言的行动能力不高。结论 地方党委政府及有关部门应加强食品药品网络谣言和虚假宣传治理，加大当地谣言及虚假宣传的监测和系统性分析研究，有针对性、预判性地进行治理和科普宣传。     

Solution-Synthesized Multifunctional Janus Nanotree Microswimmer

Synthetic active matters are perfect model systems for non-equilibrium thermodynamics and of great potential for novel biomedical and environmental applications. However, most applications are limited by the complicated and low-yield preparation, while a scalable synthesis for highly functional microswimmers is highly desired. In this paper, an all-solution synthesis method is developed where the gold-loaded titania-silica nanotree can be produced as a multi-functional self-propulsion microswimmer. By applying light, heat, and electric field, the Janus nanotree demonstrated multi-mode self-propulsion, including photochemical self-electrophoresis by UV and visible light radiation, thermophoresis by near-infrared light radiation, and induced-charge electrophoresis under AC electric field. Due to the scalable synthesis, the Janus nanotree is further demonstrated as a high-efficiency, low-cost, active adsorbent for water decontamination, where the toxic mercury ions can be reclaimed with enhanced efficiency.     

Centimeter-scale low-damage micromachining on single-crystal 4H–SiC substrates using a femtosecond laser with square-shaped Flat-Top focus spots

Femtosecond (fs) lasers have been proved to be reliable tools for high-precision and high-quality micromachining of ceramic materials. Nevertheless, fs laser processing using a single-mode beam with a Gaussian intensity distribution is difficult to obtain large-area flat and uniform processed surfaces. In this study, we utilize a customized diffractive optical element (DOE) to redistribute the laser pulse energy from Gaussian to square-shaped Flat-Top profile to realize centimeter-scale low-damage micromachining on single-crystal 4H–SiC substrates. We systematically investigated the effects of processing parameters on the changes in surface morphology and composition, and an optimal processing strategy was provided. Mechanisms of the formation of surface nanoparticles and the removal of surface micro-burrs were discussed. We also examined the distribution of subsurface defects caused by fs laser processing by removing a thin surface layer with a certain depth through chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). Our results show that laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSSs) covered by fine SiO₂ nanoparticles form on the fs laser-processed areas. Under optimal parameters, the redeposition of SiO₂ nanoparticles can be minimized, and the surface roughness Sa of processed areas reaches 120 ± 8 nm after the removal of a 10 μm thick surface layer. After the laser processing, micro-burrs on original surfaces are effectively removed, and thus the average profile roughness Rz of 2 mm long surface profiles decreases from 920 ± 120 nm to 286 ± 90 nm. No visible micro-pits can be found after removing ~1 μm thick surface layer from the laser-processed substrates.     

反坦克导弹用热电池研究进展

反坦克导弹作为击毁坦克和其他装甲目标的武器装备,在国家安全领域具有重要地位.热电池作为反坦克导弹的能源系统,对导弹功能实现具有重要意义.围绕反坦克导弹用热电池快激活和瞬时高比功率技术,结合热电池电化学材料体系发展历史、现状,探讨了提升快激活能力,提高瞬时比功率输出能力的技术,并对技术发展趋势进行了展望.     

浅谈压力铸造的全自动化生产

近年来,国家对制造业的数字化、网络化、智能化越来越重视,特别是《中国制造2025》的发布,更是促进整个制造业向智能制造迈进,铸造行业也应该紧跟步伐。在传统压力铸造行业中压铸机的加料、取件,切边机的上件、下件,加工机床的上件、下件,都是依靠人来完成,大大制约了行业的发展。本文阐述了压力铸造的全自动化生产,为压力铸造行业的转型升级提供借鉴。     

三氯乙酸终止液对木瓜蛋白酶酶活测定的影响研究

本实验研究了不同的三氯乙酸终止液,对木瓜蛋白酶酶活的影响。通过使用两种检测方法,不同配方的三氯乙酸终止液进行实验。结果表明,使用两种不同配方的三氯乙酸终止液所得的结果相差2倍多。用不同稀释浓度的三氯乙酸终止液,在高浓度时,不同浓度的三氯乙酸终止液得到的结果差别很大,随着三氯乙酸浓度的降低,所测得的酶活不断升高;但是在低浓度时,不同浓度的三氯乙酸终止液得到的结果差别不大。     

磁悬浮控制力矩陀螺高速转子的高精度位置控制

在受到陀螺效应、动框架效应等影响后产生的磁力非线性问题是磁悬浮控制力矩陀螺(MSCMG)高速转子位置精度下降的主要因素。为解决以上问题,提高转子位置精度,本文分析了转子所受磁力的特性,建立了转子系统非线性动力学模型,提出了神经网络滑模控制方法。设计滑模控制律,采用径向基函数神经网络逼近控制律中的非线性模型,自适应算法根据误差在线调整神经网络的权值,同时可以保证整个系统的稳定性。仿真和实验结果表明,所提出方法的转子位置精度达到99%,稳态误差为0.000 2 mm。神经网络滑模控制可以实现MSCMG转子系统的高精度位置控制。     

少量有机碳对单级自养脱氮工艺性能的影响

采用序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR),经过4个阶段的培养,快速富集好氧氨氧化细菌(AOB)和厌氧氨氧化细菌(AnAOB),并考察不同低碳氮比对工艺脱氮性能的影响。结果表明,NH4^+-N去除率可达到99%以上,TN去除率可达到90%以上。对应C/N=0、1和2时,反应器出水NH4^+-N和TN去除率分别为99.59%、99.5%、98.47%和93.75%、97.22%、98.11%。说明少量COD的存在,可实现同步硝化-厌氧氨氧化-反硝化,且在一定程度上提高脱氮效率。     

ADC发泡剂行业现状及展望

通过对ADC行业当前现状的分析,包括产能、产业格局、工艺、市场、环保、运输等方面问题的阐述,提出了以联二脲取代ADC发泡剂为新的产业分界点的观点,通过产业转移和上下游的调整,发挥东西部各自的综合优势,促进ADC发泡剂产业的升级。