The effects of recent practice on task switching.

Four experiments investigated the effect of recent selective practice on the cost of switching between 2 tasks afforded by letter-digit pairs: alphabet arithmetic and shape comparison. Experiments 1 and 2 found a greater cost associated with switching to the more recently practiced task: evidence that task-set inertia contributes to switching costs. Experiment 3 found this effect to be limited to trials on which a recently trained stimulus followed another such stimulus: a result problematic for all current theories of task-set priming. Experiment 4 showed that the effect of recent practice was eliminated by active preparation for a task switch: It appears that endogenous task-set preparation reduces the effects of task-set inertia. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

复杂不规则刚体转动惯量的测试原理和方法

为了测量复杂不规则刚体转动惯量，采用时间常数法，通过A/D卡PS2129的定时/计数器8253高精度测速、计时，能较好地应用于测量转动惯量。     

Development,construction, and use of pneumometric tubes for measurement of steam flow in the steam lines of PVG-1000 at NPP

A system for the direct measurement of steam flow in steam lines after a steam generator, which utilizes a special design of pneumometric tubes and a computing unit that accounts for variation in steam pressure, has been developed to improve the quality of water-level regulation in the steam generators of VVéR-1000 power-generating units in the stationary and transitional modes. The advantage of the pneumometric tubes consists in their structural simplicity, high erosion resistance, and absence of irrevocable losses during measurement of steam flow. A similar measurement system is used at foreign NPP. The measurement system in question has been placed in experimental service at the No. 3 unit of the Balakovo NPP, and has demonstrated its worthiness. This measurement system can also be used to determine steam flow in the steam lines of NPP units with VVéR-1000 and VVéR-440 reactors, and PBMK-1000 power-generating units. __________ Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 3, March 2007, pp. 23–26.     

流体在环形狭缝中流动时园柱体的微振动

本文讨论了在两个园柱体的环形狭缝中不可压缩流体的流动．在一定的假设下，运用流体力学方程和流体对柱体的作用方程，导出了附加质量和转动惯量、振动频率和衰减系数．并对文（１）中的某些结果进行了必要的修正．     

Adaptive simulated annealing particle swarm optimization algorithm

Particle swarm optimization is widely used in various fields because of the few parameters to be set and the simple calculation structure.In order to improve the optimization speed and accuracy of the PSO,and to avoid falling into the local optimal solution,an adaptive simulated annealing PSO is proposed,which uses the hyperbolic tangent function to control the inertia weight factor for nonlinear adaptive changes,uses linear change strategies to control 2 learning factors,introduces the simulation annealing operation,set a temperature according to the initial state of the population,guide the population to accept the difference solution with a certain probability according to the Metropolis criterion,and ensure the ability to jump out of the local optimal solution.To verify the effect of the algorithm proposed in this paper,7 typical test functions and 5 algorithms proposed in the literature are selected for comparison and testing.According to the average value,standard deviation and number of iterations of the optimization results,the algorithm proposed in this paper has greatly improved the iteration accuracy,convergence speed and stability so as to overcome the shortcomings of particle swarm optimization.     

考虑储能的工业园区综合能源系统日前优化调度

城市能源互联网系统通过互补和能量梯级利用,实现能源资源的有效整合,在能源生产和消费革命中起着重要作用。城市能源互联网建设的关键之一是建立城市工业园区综合能源系统。因此,围绕一个存在电、热、冷、天然气等多种能流并服务于生产生活负荷统筹的工业园区综合能源系统开展了建模,结合系统储能特性,提出了日前运行优化调度模型。该模型综合考虑了供能管网和储能水罐储能特性及其对经济效益的影响,针对涉及生产生活用能的工业园区进行优化,同时对供能管网储能能力进行量化。这一技术被应用于某实际工业园区,进行冬季供暖工况运行调度优化。储热水罐的出力优化增加了系统设备组合的灵活性,而热网热惯性的考虑稳定了机组出力。优化方案表现出更好的经济性和输出稳定性,单日节省运行成本1 445元。     

计及频率稳定的多直流异步外送电网切机容量优化

异步互联格局下,送端电网惯性大幅下降,因直流闭锁引发的高频问题较为严重,传统应对高频问题的稳控切机策略存在切机量不精确（过切或欠切）以及切机后系统转动惯量匮乏等风险。针对现有稳控切机方案的不适应性,提出一种计及系统频率稳定需求的多直流异步外送电网切机容量优化模型。模型中耦合大容量直流闭锁故障下各种频率指标约束、网络潮流约束、备用及切机量约束,考虑系统内各类型机组调节性能及位置的差异性,利用理想点法和优序图法得到各类型机组的切机惩罚因子,通过切机综合代价最小化目标确定大容量直流闭锁事故下送端电网的最优切机方案。以改进的IEEE RTS-79系统为例进行了算例分析,验证了所构建模型的有效性与频率适应性。     

弧焊机械手示教与再现误差的分析及消除措施

分析了造成弧焊机械手再现误差的原因，并通过对实验数据的处理，分析了再现误差量与焊接速度的关系，针对这种关系，提出了减小再现误差量的措施。理论和实验表明，该措施能有效地减少再现误差。     

结合双粒子群和K-means的混合文本聚类算法

传统K-means算法对初始聚类中心选择较敏感, 结果有可能收敛于一般次优解, 为些提出一种结合双粒子群和K-means的混合文本聚类算法。设计了自调整惯性权值策略, 根据最优适应度值的变化率动态调整惯性权值。两子群分别采用基于不同惯性权值策略的粒子群算法进化, 子代间及子代与父代信息交流, 共享最优粒子, 替换最劣粒子, 完成进化, 该算法命名为双粒子群算法。将能平衡全局与局部搜索能力的双粒子群算法与高效的K-means算法结合, 每个粒子是一组聚类中心, 类内离散度之和的倒数是适应度函数, 用K-means算法优化新生粒子, 即为结合双粒子群和K-means的混合文本聚类算法。实验结果表明, 该算法相对于K-means、PSO等文本聚类算法具有更强鲁棒性, 聚类效果也有明显的改善。     

石墨粉镀银新工艺研究

研究了镀液中硝酸银浓度、石墨粉加入量和阴极电流密度等工艺条件对镀银石墨粉含银量和电镀效果的影响。用扫描电镜对镀银石墨粉的微观形貌和镀覆效果进行分析，通过X射线衍射仪对镀银石墨粉高温灼烧后的剩余物进行分析测试并计算镀银石墨粉的含银量。研究结果表明：采用惰性电极作为电镀阳极，在化学镀预处理过的石墨粉表面可成功镀覆一层银，其含银量达76%。