电解铜粉和雾化铜粉对SPS过程中显微组织演变的影响

以电解铜粉和雾化铜粉为SPS烧结原材料,对它们在SPS烧结过程中的烧结曲线、烧结体显微组织的演变过程,以及烧结温度对烧结体相对密度的影响进行了分析、比较,并分析了其中的原因。得到电解铜粉和雾化铜粉在SPS烧结过程中显微组织演变特征和规律不同的结论。     

细晶Bi2Te3块体材料的制备及其热电性能

采用惰性气体保护蒸发-冷凝(IGC)法制备了纳米Bi及Te粉末,结合机械合金化(MA)和放电等离子烧结(SPS)工艺,在不同烧结温度(663～723K)下制备出了n型Bi2Te3细晶块体材料。利用X射线衍射分析(XRD)确定机械合金化粉末和SPS烧结块体的物相组成,借助TEM观察了粉体的粒度及形貌,SEM观察了块体试样断口显微组织结构。在323～473K温度范围内测试了烧结块体的电热输运特性。实验结果表明:纳米粉末合成的细晶Bi2Te3与粗晶材料相比,电输运性能变化不大,热导率大幅度降低,在423K时,热导率由粗晶材料的1.93W/m·K降至1.29W/m·K,并且在693K烧结的细晶块体的无量纲热电优值(ZT)在423K时取得最高ZT值达到0.68。     

高温稀土永磁体Sm(CobalFe0.09Cu0.09Zr0.03)7.69磁性能的研究

采用粉末冶金法制备Sm(CobalFe0.09Cu0.09Zr0.03)7.69稀土永磁体,研究了烧结温度对磁体的磁性能的影响。结果表明:随着烧结温度的提高,剩磁Br、内禀矫顽力Hcj及最大磁能积(BH)max都先增加后降低。磁体的综合磁性能在烧结温度为1230℃时最优,室温下Br、Hcj和(BH)max分别达到10.40kGs、25.16kOe和25.88MGOe,且1230℃烧结磁体的温度稳定性较好,有望应用在500℃的工作环境中。     

SmCo_5/α-Fe双相复合纳米晶磁体的结构与磁性研究

超声波分解Fe（CO）5的产物Fe纳米颗粒,通过非均相沉淀获得包覆型SmCo5/α-Fe双相复合磁粉,采用放电等离子快速热压技术（Spark Plasma Sintering,SPS）制备出全致密的各向同性Sm-Co5/α-Fe双相复合纳米晶磁体,研究发现,软磁相α-Fe添加后,磁体的剩磁Mr有所提高,矫顽力Hci则有所减小,随后通过对各向同性磁体进行热变形制备出各向异性磁体,形成了较好的C轴晶体织构。软磁相α-Fe名义含量为10%时,磁体磁性能为：μ0Ms=1.01T、μ0Mr=0.86T、Hci=0.1708T。     

Improvement of coercivity and corrosion resistance of Nd-Fe-B sintered magnets by doping aluminium nano-particles

Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets with a small amount of Al nano-particles doping were prepared by conventional sintered method. Effect of Al content on magnetic property, corrosion resistance and oxidation properties of the magnets were studied. Investigation showed that the coercivity rose gradually, while the remanence decreased simultaneously with increase of Al doping amount. Further investigation revealed that most Al element diffused into the main phase and some Al element diffused into the Nd-rich phase. The autoclave test results showed that the corrosion rate of the magnets decreased with Al content increasing. After oxidation, the maximum energy product losses of the magnets with 0.0 wt.% and 0.2 wt.% Al nano-particles doping were 6.13% and 3.99%, respectively. Therefore, Al nano-particles doping was a promising way to enhance the coercivity and corrosion resistance of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnet.     

Effect of particle size on the polycrystalline CeB6 cathode prepared by spark plasma sintering

The full densification polycrystalline cerium hexaboride (CeB6) cathode material was prepared by using the spark plasma sintering (SPS) method in an oxygen free system. The starting precursor nanopowders with an average grain size of 50 nm were prepared by high-energy ball milling. The ball-milled nanopowder was fully densified at 1550 °C under 50 MPa, which was about 350 °C lower than the conventional hot-pressing method and it was also lower than that of coarse powder under the same sintering condition. The mechanical properties of nanopowder sintered samples were significantly better than that of coarse powder, e.g., the flexural strength and Vickers hardness were 211% and 51% higher than that of coarse powder, respectively. The electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) result showed that the (100) fiber texture could be fabricated by the ball-milled nanopowder sintered at 1550 °C and the thermionic emission current density was measured to be 16.04 A/cm2 at a cathode temperature of 1873 K.     

Sm-Co二元合金非晶块体材料的制备与表征

稀土-过渡金属二元系合金稳定的非晶块体材料的制备一直是非晶材料研究领域的挑战性难题。本研究组以Sm-Co二元合金体系为例,探索出了一条制备稀土-过渡金属二元合金非晶块体材料的创新途径。采用真空感应熔炼制备Sm-Co合金铸锭、高能球磨制取合金非晶态粉末、高压放电等离子烧结致密化的工艺路线,制备获得了稳定的Sm-Co二元合金非晶块体。对块体材料进行XRD、DSC、TEM等表征和分析,研究了二元非晶合金块体的结构和制备工艺的关系。     

SPS制备SmCo7-xFex块状纳米晶磁体的研究

采用高能球磨法制得SmCo7-xFex非晶粉末,然后采用放电等离子技术将其烧结为块状纳米晶磁体,对磁体的微观结构和磁性能进行了观察和测试.结果表明,SmCo7-xFex球磨5 h后成为非晶粉末,经SPS烧结后得到1:7相.TEM观察表明,磁体晶粒尺寸在20～50 nm.另外,磁体具有较好的磁性能,当x=0.4时,矫顽力为992.8 kA/m,剩磁为0.634T,(BH)max为69.75KJ/m3.     

放电等离子烧结原位制备LaB6多晶纳米块体阴极材料

用氢直流电弧法制备La-LaH2纳米粉末,再采用放电等离子烧结技术,在原位、"无氧"条件下成功制备高纯LaB6多晶纳米块体热阴极材料,并系统研究放电等离子烧结温度、压强对材料物相、结构和性能的影响.结果表明,材料中形成单相的LaB6,纯度达到99.867%,平均晶粒尺寸为120 nm,LaB6纳米块体相对密度达到99.2%,维氏硬度达到17.4 GPa,抗弯强度高达245.6 MPa,己达单晶材料的理论抗弯强度值.     

Function mechanism of carbide layer on surface of La_2O_3 Mo cathode

1　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＣａｒｂｏｎｉｚａｔｉｏｎｏｆｃａｔｈｏｄｅｉｓａｋｅｙｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎｔｈｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｏｆＴｈＯ2 Ｗ (ｉｎｂｒｉｅｆＴｈ Ｗ )ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｔｕｂｅｓ .Ｔｈｅｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｏｆｃａｒｂｏｎｉｚａｔｉｏｎｉｓａｓｆｏｌｌｏｗｓ :Ｔｈｅｆｉｌａｍｅｎｔｓａｒｅｈｅａｔｅｄｔｏｔｈｅｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｈｉｇｈｅｒｔｈａｎｔｈｅｎｏｒｍａｌｏｐｅｒａｔｉｎｇｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｏｆｔｈｅｔｕｂｅｓｉｎｔｈｅｍｉｘｅｄｇａｓｅｓｏｆｂｅｎｚｅｎｅｖａｐｏｒ…