水解酸化—好氧MBBR耦合Fenton法处理抗生素废水研究

采用水解酸化—好氧移动床生物膜(MBBR)串联Fenton工艺处理抗生素废水,探讨了pH、HRT等对水解酸化以及Fe2 浓度和H2O2投加量对Fenton工艺的影响。实验结果表明,对于COD为6800.62mg/L、B/C<0.3的抗生素废水,当水解段pH和HRT分别为6.5和12h时,挥发酸(VFA)质量浓度为931.75mg/L,COD去除率为26.59%,此时水解酸化—好氧段出水COD为1229.80mg/L,COD总去除率为81.92%。再经Fenton工艺深度处理,当Fe2 最佳投加质量浓度为240mg/L,H2O2投加量为3.19mL/L时,总COD去除率可达97.38%,最终出水COD为178.50mg/L,达到制药工业废水排放标准。     

多壁碳纳米管对有机物的吸附研究

研究多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)对水中有机物间苯二酚的吸附。分别讨论了不同的吸附参数(如温度、时间、pH)条件下,碳纳米管对间苯二酚吸附量的变化情况,并采用Langmuir和Freundlich模型对MWNTs的吸附等温线进行拟合。结果表明:MWNTs的吸附平衡时间为1h;MWNTs吸附是一个自发的放热过程,低温对其吸附有利;当溶液的pH值在4附近时,MWNTs对间苯二酚的吸附量达到最大;MWNTs对间苯二酚的吸附符合Freundlich和Langmuir等温模型。     

Demulsification of Emulision Liquid Membrane by Wetting Coalescence Materials

Demulsification of emulsified watsr-in-oll droplets was worked out with the employment of wetting coalescence mtsrials. Demulsification is carried out in conventional stirted-colunm and packed-column, Among the four kinds of natural fibers and two kinds of inorganic materials tested, natural fiber A, originated from wood shavings was found to give the best performance of demulsifica-tion. The demulaification efficiency can exceed 96.5% when demulsification conditions are optimized. The packed-column showed much better performance both in terms of demulsification efficiency and repeated use of the recovered oll phase for extracting cadmium in simulated wastewater. Operating variables governing the demuliifieation efficiencv were inventigated.     

Increase in functional groups for POSS by introducing branched phenylglycidylether

In the selected experimental conditions, firstly, the branched products with functional groups, N-(2-hydroxylpropylphenylether) (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APES-PGE,containing one hydroxyl group) and N-[di(2-hydroxylpropylphenylether)] (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APES-PGE2,containing two hydroxyl groups), were synthesized by reacting 1 mole of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APES) with 2 mole of phenylglycidylether (PGE).Then the hydrolytic condensation of APES-PGE and APES-PGE2 was performed by dissolving 1g of the corresponding silane in 1.5ml tetrahydrofuran (THF), adding water and eventually a catalyst(molar ratios:[H2O]/Si=3,[NaOH]/Si=0.05),and heating at 50℃ for 24h, allowing continuous evaporation of volatiles. The final products with branches containing hydroxyl groups were polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS).The products from two reactions were characterized by standard spectroscopic techniques,gel partition chromatography (GPC), Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and matrix-assisted ultraviolet laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UV-MALDI-TOF MS). Additionally, a narrow mass distribution of muhifunctionalized POSS was shown by UV-MALDI-TOF MS and assignments of the MS peaks.     

正硅酸乙酯对有机无机杂化膜结合强度的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法水解缩合3-缩水甘油醚基丙基三甲基硅烷(GPMS)和正硅酸乙酯(TEOS),制备了TEOS改性的3-缩水甘油醚基丙基倍半硅氧烷,用凝胶渗透色谱GPC进行了表征和确认,浸渍法使其在玻璃基体上成膜．用划痕法通过MTS Nano Indenter XP纳米压痕仪测试了有机一无机杂化膜的结合强度和划痕形貌,测试结果表明：适当添加TEOS可提高有机一无机杂化膜的膜基结合强度,W(TEOS)15％处膜基结合强度达到最大值．     

活性炭负载复合催化剂分解臭氧的研究

用浸渍法制备了活性炭负载的锰铁和锰铜催化剂,并进行了表征,考察了它们对臭氧分解的催化性能及相对湿度、臭氧初始浓度对臭氧催化分解的影响。结果表明,锰铁催化剂远优于锰铜催化剂,每克锰铁催化剂能分解3.43g臭氧;湿度对臭氧催化分解影响很大,相对湿度越高,催化性能越差;当臭氧初始质量浓度不大干1.908mg/L时,活性炭不参与反应,而在臭氧浓度过大时,催化剂中的载体活性炭会与臭氧发生反应,使催化剂总量减少。     

化学沉淀法处理乙烯裂解废碱液中的硫化物

采用化学沉淀方法处理乙烯裂解废碱液中的硫化物,寻求到了一种较合适的沉淀剂CuO,并考察了影响沉淀效果的各种因素。结果表明：在沉淀反应温度20℃,反应时间30min,CuO：S=1．5：1(摩尔比)等条件下,S^2-的去除率可达到96．78％,CODCr的去除率达到73．83％。沉淀剂CuO再生后可以循环使用,满足处理要求。     

高级氧化工艺与生物移动床耦合处理农药废水研究

通过实验比较了UV/TiO2/H2O2、Fenton试剂和UV/TiO2 3种高级氧化工艺对农药废水的预处理效能,表明Fenton试剂最为经济高效.优化得出Fenton试剂的最佳工艺条件是H2O2投加量为97mmol/L,Fe2 浓度为40 mmol/L.该条件下可将农药废水的COD从33 700 mg/L降至12 000 mg/L以下,其可生化性由0.2升至0.45以上.预处理后的废水经好氧生物移动床处理COD去除率可以达到85%以上;当载体表观体积降至15%时,COD去除率仍能达到80%以上,载体体积为10%时去除率只有70%左右,15%的表观体积是该载体在生物移动床中的极限体积;此时载体上的生物量超过6 000 mg/L,也说明该载体适合微生物生长且移动床工艺具有很强的抗冲击负荷能力.     

脉动流参数对旋流器分离性能的影响

介绍了脉动实验系统及相关的实验参数,研究了脉动流的一些主要参数对水力旋流器分离性能的影响,详细分析了脉动周期比、流量脉动幅值比和雷诺数等参数对水力旋流器用于细颗粒分离性能的影响。结果表明,在脉动周期比为0.68及流量脉动幅值比为2%左右等条件下,流量的脉动反而会提高水力旋流器的分离效率。     

线切割工作液的润湿与清洗作用对切割速度的影响

本文分析了线切割工作液的润湿和清洗作用与表面张力,界面张力及润湿接触角之间的影响关系,并且提出用界面张力来判断线切割工作液的润湿和清洗性能要好于使用表面张力和润湿接触角。